Abstract: A PHS data communication terminal adapter which can perform data communication with a data communication terminal on the side of a PHS (Personal Handy-phone System) via a digital network by executing protocol conversion and switching the data transmission bit rate between a high data transmission bit rate (64 kbps) and a low data transmission bit rate(32 kbps) is provided, without needing large signal processing scale and device scale of the PHS data communication terminal adapter, and without deteriorating data communication efficiency. In the PHS data communication terminal adapter, B-channel transmission data composed of 8 bits which have been sent from the data communication terminal on the side of the PHS is received by an S reference point interface section, and the rear 4 bits of the 8-bit B-channel transmission data are separated by a rear part separation section, and the number of “1”s in the rear 4 bits is counted by a rear part counter section.

Abstract: A facsimile machine comprises a fax/modem section for communicating signals with a communication line in order to sending and receiving a fax and a computer unit for outputting AT commands such as a DCS reception command for requesting reception of a DCS (Digital Command Signal) and a TCF reception command for requesting reception of a TCF (Training Check Field) to the fax/modem section. The fax/modem section immediately changes into a TCF reception state for receiving a TCF if the fax/modem section received a DCS. In the TCF reception state, the fax/modem section receives the TCF sent via the communication line and temporarily stores the TCF in a TCF buffer, regardless of whether or not the fax/modem section has already received the TCF reception command from the computer unit. The fax/modem section sends the TCF in the TCF buffer to the computer unit when the fax/modem section received the TCF reception command from the computer unit.

Abstract: It is an object to attain simplification of the device assembly work and lowering of the cost, and to raise the water proof and dust proof effect. The structure includes an instrument case (2) having a key insertion hole (7) open to the inside and outside of the case, a key base (3) contained in this instrument case (2) and having a switch contact point portion, and a key seat (4) which is provided on the switch contact point portion side of this key base (3) and which is made of a flexible member having a key (9) inserted into the key insertion hole (7) and a switch thrust piece (11) corresponding to the switch contact point portion on the seat surface side and on the seat reverse side, respectively, and it is configured such that a frame-like rib (10) which is pressed and brought into contact with the inside opening periphery of the key insertion hole (7) and which surrounds the side portion of the key (9) is provided integrally to this key seat (4).

Abstract: A method for measuring the depth of a subject trench includes the steps of forming on a substrate a plurality of measurement trenches having different widths aj (aj<aj+1, i=1, 2, . . .

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing an organic EL element, a low-resistance conductive layer is formed on an electrode of an organic EL element formed on a substrate in a state in which the substrate is at a temperature not higher than the freezing point so that no abnormal current nor short circuit occurs on the organic EL element when applying a voltage to it.

Abstract: A ramp voltage-generating circuit initially outputs the maximum voltage VH or the minimum voltage VL to be applied to a liquid crystal synchronizing with a ratch pulse and a clock II. In case that the maximum voltage VH is outputted initially, the output voltage of the ramp voltage-generating circuit decreases slowly with the passage of time in a predetermined period. In case that the minimum voltage is outputted initially, the output voltage of the ramp voltage-generating circuit increases slowly with the passage of time in a predetermined period. The output voltage of the ramp voltage-generating circuit keeps VH in the period T3, slowly decreases in the period T4, and keeps V0 in the period T5. In a LCD provided with the ramp voltage-generating circuit mentioned in the above, a voltage impressed upon the pixel electrode of a TFT for driving the liquid crystal follows an input voltage of a data bus line quickly, and a contrast of a picture can be prevented from being deteriorated.

Abstract: A semiconductor device has a semiconductor substrate (1) having a plurality of individual semiconductor device areas (10-1,10-2), and a scribe area (20) positioned between the individual semiconductor device areas (10-1,10-2) adjacent to each other so as to extend along peripheral edges of the adjacent individual semiconductor device areas (10-1,10-2); an interlayer insulating film (2a) formed on the semiconductor substrate (1); a passivation film (6a) formed on the interlayer insulating film (2a); a protection film (7,7a-1,7a-2) formed on the passivation film (6a).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor integrated circuit in which a via hole reaching a metal wiring and a concave groove are simultaneously formed in an interlayer film. When the interlayer film and the material of an organic film embedded in the via hole are etched, the etching rate for the material of the organic film with an etching gas is set to be higher than the etching rate for the interlayer film with an etching gas. Thus, plasma etching does not proceed in a state in which the material of the organic film projects from the bottom of the concave groove formed in the interlayer film, and the production of depositions is prevented.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit having a non-volatile memory has a data fetch control portion for generating a one-shot pulse having a protrusive pulse shaped waveform for fetching write data PD separately into each latch of upper order side and each latch of lower order side, based on a logical value of the least significant address of a write address PA at one write cycle of a write command in a write mode, “×8 mode”. When a write command is input to a command system circuit, a write data fetch command is repeated twice, and write data PD is fetched for each 8 bits to a data latch portion and the data latch portion writes the input write data PD of 16 bits to the non-volatile memory in batch.

Abstract: A memory cell array is provided to a semiconductor memory device, and a plurality of memory cells composes a column in the memory cell array. The plurality of memory cells are commonly connected to a plurality of bit line pairs. The plurality of bit line pairs are commonly connected to an I/O line pair. A pre-charge circuit is also provided to the semiconductor memory device. The pre-charge circuit pre-charges the I/O line pair. The pre-charge circuit has a selection circuit which selects a pre-charge level of the I/O line pair from among a plurality of voltage levels.

Abstract: A semiconductor circuit is composed of an N-channel transistor, a driving circuit, and a charge pump. The N-channel transistor includes a gate and a drain. The drain is provided with a power supply potential. The driving circuit sets a gate potential at the gate to a first potential in response to an input signal. The charge pump raises the gate potential to a second potential higher than the first potential in response to the input signal.

Abstract: In a thermal printer, a continuous paper cutting device has an upper and a lower separator located downstream of a platen in the intended direction of paper transport and positioned to face each other with the intermediary of a continuous paper. The upper and lower separators are each provided with an arcuate end in place of a sharp edge for cutting the paper. The paper is formed with notches at opposite ends of each perforation. When a peforation immediately following the printed part of the paper reaches a predetermined position downstream of the arcuate ends of the separators in the direction of paper transport, the paper is brought to a stop. Therefore, the device allows the operator to separate the printed part from the paper along the perforation without resorting to cutters having sharp edges.

Abstract: An oxide superconductor element, produced by forming a damaged region on a substrate surface by the Ga.sup.+ focusing ion beam method and then depositing an oxide superconductor thin-film over it, is characterized in that a NdBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-y (0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.5) oxide superconductor is used in a tunnel junction having a tunneling barrier region with weak superconductivity.

Abstract: A transmission power control method that is able to keep the signal quality approximately constant. A receiving-side station measures the average CIR for the radio communication channel in use. The receiving side station delivers a command for decreasing the transmission power to a transmitting-side station when the measured value is equal to or greater than a reference value. The receiving-side station also delivers a command for increasing the transmission power to the transmitting-side station when the measured value is less than the reference value. When a command for a preceding control period is an increase command, the transmitting power for the next control period is set as a first value obtained by subtracting a predetermined value from a prior value that precedes by the delay time.

Abstract: An optical antenna pointing controller for an optical antenna system having an optical antenna and biaxial gimbal mechanism coupled to the optical antenna and mounted on the satellite is provided. Feedback control in the controller is gain-stabilized by a nominal compensator, and disturbance is suppressed by a robust compensator, further, a target satellite is captured quickly with the aid of a reference model and feedforward, thus providing quick response without dependency on the band width of feedback control system.

Abstract: In the vicinity of the (100) plane, planar channeling by (100) type crystal planes, which are (011) plane and (011) plane according to the (100) surface plane, degrades uniformity of ion implantation. Therefore, a major surface of the substrate is established at a plane perpendicular to a crystal orientation forming an angle greater than or equal to 3.5.degree. with two planes perpendicularly intersecting the (100) plane. Namely, in consideration of fluctuation in setting to an ion implantation device and ion implantation angle, the substrate having surface orientation within a range 104 is employed. Also, by limiting the orientation to be less than or equal to 10.degree. from the (100) plane, ion implantation can be performed perpendicularly to the substrate without modifying the process condition.

Abstract: A wireless-LAN terminal comprises a wired-LAN controller, a wireless modem and an access controller intervening between the wired-LAN controller and the wireless modem. In the access controller, the termination of data reception and the occurrence of a transmission request are detected by monitoring a frame-sense (FS) signal and a request-to-send (RTS) signal, respectively. An IFS period is generated by a delay timer when the data reception is terminated and a random amount of time is generated by using a backoff algorithm when the transmission request occurs during a transmission inhibition period. The data transmission is waited until the random amount of time comes to an end, and the data transmission is started when the random amount of time has elapsed and the transmission channel is available. Since a backoff period is determined randomly for each terminal, there is a remarkably reduced probability that a plurality of terminals concurrently start the media access for data transmission.

Abstract: In a modified Huffman (MH) code decoding apparatus, an MH code is composed of a first part and second part. The apparatus includes a code conversion table for outputting a run data in response to an index data and a code length table. The index data is composed of a color data indicative of a color of a run corresponding to the current MH code, a first code length data associated with a length of the first part of the current MH code, and a second part data indicative of the second part of the current MH code. The run data is composed of the color data, a code type data indicative of whether the current MH code is a terminate code or a make-up code, and a run length data indicative of a length of the run.

Abstract: In a projector, green CRT projection tubes for displaying pictures for the right and left eyes are arranged on the right and left sides with respect to a screen respectively, while a red CRT projection tube for convergence adjustment is arranged at the center. Further, the projector includes polarizing filters which are provided on respective front surfaces of the CRT projection tubes, a triple two-input one-output type selector switch, and a convergence adjusting picture signal source. In general, a right eye picture signal from a right eye picture signal source is supplied to the CRT projection tube through the selector switch, while a left eye picture signal from a left eye picture signal source is supplied to the CRT projection tube through the selector switch. At this time, the observer can visually recognize a stereoscopic monochromatic picture through polarizing glasses.

Abstract: The results of a full-text, document search by a character string search processor are treated as vector patterns whose elements become a term match grade by use of a membership function of the term match frequency. The closest pattern to the query pattern is found by the similarity between the query pattern and each of the filed sample patterns. The similarity is calculated by use of fuzzy-logic. The similarity is ranked in order of similarity magnitude, thereby reducing the search time. The search time can be shortened by categorizing the filed patterns by term set and similarity to a cluster center pattern. If the cluster center patterns are stored, the closest cluster address can be inferred by fuzzy logic inference from the match between the query document and the term set or the similarity of the query to the cluster center.