Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate cleaning apparatus including a brush cleaning unit which cleans a substrate by making a roll brush in contact with a surface of the substrate, and a transporting unit which conveys the substrate. The roll brush includes a bristle. At least one of a diameter of the roll brush, stiffness of the bristle, and density of the bristle becomes larger from an end portion of the roll brush to a central portion thereof.

Abstract: A method for forming an organic mask, includes: permeating an organic solvent into an organic pattern formed on a base film and containing at least one kind of organic material, by contacting the organic pattern with the organic solvent; and thereby, partially or entirely decreasing original adhesion strength between the base film and the organic pattern. A heat treatment may be conducted after contacting to adjust the adhesion strength. Using the organic pattern as a mask, isotropic etching is conducted. As a result, a desired taper angle of the etched base film can be achieved with high accuracy. The taper angle of the etched base film is adjustable by controlling the adhesion strength through the heat treatment.

Abstract: It is to suppress the interference of the reflected light easily and securely even in a highly fine liquid crystal display device. The reflection plate comprises recessed or protruded parts and a reflection film formed over the recessed or protruded parts. A unit shape of the recessed or protruded parts is a polygon, an arbitrary point other than a centroid of the polygon that constitutes the recessed or protrude part is placed at a position that meets with an orderly-mannered lattice point as an origin, and each of the unit-shape polygons is arranged at a position that is rotated randomly with respect to the origin.

Abstract: A thin film transistor (TFT) is provided which is capable of reducing leakage currents in a polycrystalline silicon TFT without causing an increase in manufacturing processes. Source/drain regions of an activated layer of the TFT to be formed in a circuit region and pixel region formed on a glass substrate of a liquid crystal display panel for a mobile phone is formed so that its boron impurity falls within a range of 2.5×1018/cm3 to 5.5×1018/cm3 and its impurity activation falls within a range of 1% to 7%.

Abstract: A normally-white twisted-nematic mode LCD device includes a first optical compensation film between a light-incident-side polarization film and an LC cell, and a second optical compensation film between a light-emitting-side polarization film and the LC cell. The optical axis of the first (second) optical compensation film projected onto the substrate surface is substantially parallel to the longer axis of an equivalent refractive index ellipsoid of a residual retardation of the LC layer in the vicinity of a light-incident-side (light-emitting-side) substrate upon display of black color.

Abstract: Light exposure areas 103 and light masking areas 104 in a sole reticle are arrayed in alternation to one another in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Substrate is exposed to light by multi-domain light exposure using this reticle so that the respective areas of the reticle exposed to light with respective shots A to B, B to C . . . , N to M are not adjacent to one another in the boundary portions of the reticle shifted for executing the respective shots, thus relaxing the difference in illuminance between the respective shots and the difference in finish of the boundary portions of the shots, such differences becoming imperceptible to human eyes upon displaying liquid crystal display apparatus.

Abstract: A thin-film transistor array includes an electrically insulating substrate, a plurality of thin-film transistors arranged in a matrix on the substrate, and each including a channel, a source, and a drain each comprised of an oxide-semiconductor film, a pixel electrode integrally formed with the drain, a source signal line through which a source signal is transmitted to a group of thin-film transistors, a gate signal line through which a gate signal is transmitted to a group of thin-film transistors, a source terminal formed at an end of the source signal line, and a gate terminal formed at an end of the gate signal line. The source terminal and the gate terminal are formed in the same layer as a layer in which the channel is formed. The source terminal and the gate terminal have the same electric conductivity as that of the pixel electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device provided herein can be switched between a display mode and a mirror mode, and can ensure a high image quality in the display mode. The liquid crystal display device comprises liquid crystal panel 200 including sub-pixels 254, 255, and back light 213 for irradiating light to the back surface of liquid crystal panel 200. Transmission sub-pixel 254 can be switched into an image display state which can allow irradiated light to exit, and a black display state which does not allow irradiated light to exit. Mirror sub-pixel 255 can be switched between a mirror state which can allow reflected light to exit and a non-mirror state which does not allow reflected light to exit, independently of transmission sub-pixel 254. A control unit places each transmission sub-pixel 254 into the image display state or black display state, and places each mirror sub-pixel 255 into the mirror state or non-mirror state.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is provided which is capable of being free from degradation of signal receiving sensitivity and/or malfunction without performing thinning-out and complementing on video signals of an electronic device having an embedded peripheral circuit to receive and transmit data. A stop period during which outputting of horizontal synchronizing signal made up of a video signal strobe signal STB and vertical drive clock signal VCK is stopped at least one time or more and for two horizontal periods or more during a display period in one vertical period is set by a control device (for example, timing controller). In this horizontal synchronizing stop period setting mode processing, a first signal (for example, status signal) indicating that the outputting of the horizontal synchronizing signal is in a stop state is transmitted to an electronic circuit (for example, peripheral circuit).

Abstract: A surface emitting device comprises a light guide plate having a light outgoing surface and a reflection surface and an LED light source that includes an LED element and is provided so that light emitted from the LED element enters the light guide plate through a light incoming end surface of the light guide plate. The light guide plate includes a concave portion correspondingly to the LED element on a side of the reflection surface just in front of the LED light source. The concave portion has dimensions in which a width in a width direction of the light guide plate is equal to or larger than a width of a light outgoing surface of the LED element, and a depth from the reflection surface in a thickness direction of the light guide plate is set so that the concave portion is free from overlapping with a region opposed to the light outgoing surface of the LED element.

Abstract: An LCD device includes front substrate and rear substrate sandwiching therebetween an LC layer, front polarizing film and rear polarizing film disposed on the front side of the front substrate and the rear side of the rear substrate, respectively, and a reflecting film disposed on the rear side of the rear polarizing film. The distance between the LC layer and the reflecting film is set at 0.8 mm or smaller, to solve a parallax problem.

Abstract: A three-dimensional image/two-dimensional image display device includes a plurality of display pixels, and a lenticular lens for three-dimensional display. Each display pixel is consisted of M×N number of sub-pixels to be viewed from N view points. A pitch a of sub-pixels arranged in the longitudinal direction of ridge projection of the lenticular lens and a pitch b of the sub-pixels arranged in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the lenticular lens satisfy the following expression. The M×N number of sub-pixels included in each of said display pixels are formed within a square area.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for generating pattern data for unevenness that is randomly arranged on the surface of the reflective substrate of a reflective liquid crystal display device. The number of coordinates, a basic pitch, a movable range, and a dot diameter are entered from a data entry unit. An array generation unit regularly arranges base coordinates in two dimensions in accordance with the basic pitch. Coordinate displacement unit randomly displaces within the movable range at a portion of the basic coordinates to generate a multiplicity of displaced coordinates. Pattern generation unit arranges dot patterns with the dot diameter entered at each of the displaced coordinates generated to generate pattern data.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum suction control mechanism apparatus capable of accurately bonding a film to a bonding object with a simple structure. A vacuum suction control mechanism apparatus according to the present invention includes a bonding head including a space defined therein, a plurality of suction holes attracting a film, the plurality of suction holes extending from a surface of the bonding head to the space defined in the bonding head, a movable piece partitioning the space into two regions, the movable piece being movable relative to the bonding head within the space in contact with the suction holes, and a connection portion connectable to a decompression source, the connection portion being provided in a first region of the two regions.

Abstract: Disclosed is an active matrix substrate including a substrate, a gate wiring formed on the substrate, a data wiring formed on the substrate so as to cross the gate wiring, a common wiring formed on the substrate extending approximately parallel to the gate wiring, a pixel formed in a region surrounded by the gate wiring and the data wiring, and a switching element formed in a vicinity of an intersection of the gate wiring and the data wiring. The pixel includes a pixel electrode, and a counter electrode arranged alternately with the pixel electrode and connected to the data wiring. The switching element includes a first electrode connected to the common wiring, and a second electrode connected to the pixel electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of IPS mode includes an array of pixels arranged in a matrix pattern by crossing a plurality of video signal lines and a plurality of scanning signal lines each other. Each of the pixels is provided with at least a switching element. A transparent insulating film is provided on both signal lines, and a plurality of pixel electrodes, common electrodes and common lines are provided on the transparent insulating film. The common lines are formed in a grid-shaped pattern such that a first group of the common lines is made of a first conductor having lower reflectivity against optical light than that of metal while a second group of the common lines is made of a second conductor including a metal layer such that the first group and the second group are crossing each other along the video signal lines and the scanning signal lines.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum suction control mechanism apparatus capable of accurately bonding a film to a bonding object with a simple structure. A vacuum suction control mechanism apparatus according to the present invention includes a first member including a plurality of suction holes formed in a surface thereof, the plurality of suction holes being connectable to a decompression source, and a second member capable of contacting the plurality of suction holes, the second member being movable relative to the first member, wherein the second member includes connecting member connecting some of the suction holes, the number of which corresponds to a relative position between the first member and the second member, to the decompression source.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display unit where a matrix pattern of pixels are defined by gate lines and crosswise data lines, transparent pixel electrodes are formed on the same layer as the data lines and corresponding transparent common electrodes are formed above the transparent pixel electrodes. On the common electrodes the liquid crystal layer is provided. In the aperture of each pixel, the common electrode has a pattern of parallel stripe portions and a peripheral portion outside of the aperture for shielding the field of the corresponding data line. Each pixel electrode cooperates with that parallel stripe portions of the corresponding common electrode to produce inner fringe fields along such parallel stripe portions and has portions that overlap the peripheral portions of the common electrode to produce peripheral fringe fields so that liquid-crystal cells can be uniformly in-plane switched by the inner fringe fields as well as by the peripheral fringe fields.

Abstract: In a display device, white LEDs and bluish white LEDs are arranged in alternating fashion on the light-incident surface side of a light-guide plate. On the light-exit side of the light-guide plate is disposed a transparent/scattering switching element switchable between a state of scattering incident light, and a state of transmitting light unchanged without scattering. During a narrow-angle display, only the white LEDs are lit, and the transparent/scattering switching element is placed in the transparent state, while during a wide-angle display, both the white LEDs and the bluish white LEDs are lit, and the transparent/scattering switching element is placed in the scattering state.

Abstract: A semiconductor device in which a semiconductor layer is formed on an insulating substrate with a front-end insulating layer interposed between the semiconductor layer and the insulating substrate is provided which is capable of preventing action of an impurity contained in the insulating substrate on the semiconductor layer and of improving reliability of the semiconductor device. In a TFT (Thin Film Transistor), boron is made to be contained in a region located about 100 nm or less apart from a surface of the insulating substrate so that boron concentration decreases at an average rate being about 1/1000-fold per 1 nm from the surface of the insulating substrate toward the semiconductor layer.