Abstract: Each of first cells has both longitudinal ends open and has an inner surface on which a separation membrane is formed. A second cell has both longitudinal ends closed. A slit extends from an outer surface of the support to the second cell. A sweep gas is supplied to the slit. A/C is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 50, and B/C is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 20, where A is a sum of cross-sectional areas of every first cell perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, B is a sum of cross-sectional areas of every second cell perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and C is a sum of opening areas of every slit that is located in one of the longitudinal end portions on the outer surface of the support.

Abstract: A wafer placement table includes a ceramic plate having a wafer placement surface on an upper surface, and a cooling plate provided on a lower surface of the ceramic plate. The cooling plate is made of a material having a lower thermal conductivity than Al. A length between an upper surface of a refrigerant flow path and the wafer placement surface is not constant and varies as being long in one part and short in another part. A flow-path cross-sectional area of the refrigerant flow path is not constant and varies as being small in one part and large in another part. An aspect ratio defined as a ratio of a vertical length to a horizontal length of a flow-path cross section of the refrigerant flow path is not constant and varies as being small in one part and large in another part.

Abstract: A separation membrane complex includes a porous support and a separation membrane formed on the support. In the separation membrane complex, average CF4 permeance of one membranous end portion is 5 times or more and 100 times or less of average CF4 permeance of a membranous central portion, the one membranous end portion being a portion of the separation membrane that is within a range of one-tenth of the longitudinal length of the separation membrane from one longitudinal edge of the separation membrane, the membranous central portion being a portion of the separation membrane excluding the membranous end portions on both longitudinal sides of the separation membrane.

Abstract: A membrane reactor includes a separation membrane complex and a catalyst. The separation membrane complex includes a separation membrane and a porous support. The catalyst accelerates a chemical reaction of a starting material. The support has a column-like shape extending in the longitudinal direction. The support has a membrane-formed cell (i.e., a first cell) having both longitudinal ends open. The first cell has an inner surface on which the separation membrane is arranged. The catalyst is arranged in the first cell of the separation membrane complex 1. The ratio of the average granule diameter of the catalyst to the inside diameter of the first cell is higher than or equal to 0.75 and lower than 1.

Abstract: A gas sensor has a porous protective layer disposed on a surface of a sensor element. In this gas sensor, the porous protective layer includes ceramic particles and ceramic fibers. Further, the ceramic fibers are present in the porous protective layer over a range from a front surface to a back surface thereof.

Abstract: A zeolite membrane composite includes a porous support and a zeolite membrane formed on the support. The zeolite membrane includes a low-density layer that covers the support, and a compact layer that covers the low-density layer. The compact layer has a higher content of a zeolite crystalline phase than the low-density layer. By in this way forming the compact layer on the low-density layer that covers the support, the thin compact layer with no defects can be formed more easily than in the case where a compact layer is formed directly on a support.

Abstract: A gas sensor has a sensor element, first element pads, second element pads, first contact-point members, and second contact-point members. The sensor element has first and second surfaces that are positioned on opposite sides in a first direction. The first element pads are disposed on the first surface. The second element pads are disposed on the second surface in a quantity greater than that of the first element pads. The first and second contact-point members are connected to the first and second element pads, respectively. The width (Wt) of at least one of the second contact-point members is less than the widths (Wa-Wd) of the rest of the first and second contact-point members.

Abstract: A zeolite membrane complex includes a porous support and a zeolite membrane formed on the support. The zeolite membrane includes a low density layer covering the support and a dense layer covering the low density layer. The dense layer has a content percentage of zeolite crystals higher than that of the low density layer. In a cross section of the zeolite membrane complex perpendicular to a surface of the support, an average aspect ratio of zeolite crystals contained in the dense layer is not smaller than 2 and not larger than 4. When a surface of the zeolite membrane which is a surface of the dense layer is observed from a direction perpendicular to the surface, 20% or more of zeolite crystals among zeolite crystals positioned on the surface each have a triangular shape.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium secondary battery including a sintered body, the sintered body including a laminate portion which includes a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, and a separator, and in which the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer are laminated through the separator. The sintered body includes an insulating ceramic portion covering at least a part of a peripheral end of the laminate portion and extending across at least a part of a laminate structure exposed at the peripheral end of the laminate portion.

Abstract: A wafer placement table includes a ceramic plate, an electrode embedded in the ceramic plate, a hollow ceramic shaft attached to a surface of the ceramic plate, a power-supplying member running inside the ceramic shaft and connected to a terminal of the electrode, a plate-side attaching site defined on the ceramic plate and to which the power-supplying member is attached, a power-source-side attaching site defined at a free end of the ceramic shaft and to which the power-supplying member is attached, and a redirecting member provided inside the ceramic shaft. The power-source-side attaching site is defined in correspondence with the plate-side attaching site and in such a manner as to be shifted from the plate-side attaching site in plan view. The redirecting member holds the power-supplying member such that the power-supplying member extending from the power-source-side attaching site is forcibly redirected toward the plate-side attaching site.

Abstract: A ceramic heater includes a ceramic plate. An outer-peripheral-side resistance heating element is disposed in an outer peripheral zone of the ceramic plate. A wire line extends from each of a pair of terminals disposed in a central portion of the ceramic plate toward the outer peripheral zone, and a portion of the wire line close to the outer peripheral zone is a linear portion. A connection terminal is a conductive member connecting between the wire line and the outer-peripheral-side resistance heating element, and includes a first hole into which the linear portion of the wire line is inserted and a second hole into which an end portion of the outer-peripheral-side resistance heating element is inserted.

Abstract: A zeolite membrane complex includes a porous support and a zeolite membrane formed on the support. In the zeolite membrane, a Si/Al ratio which is a molar ratio becomes larger as it goes from an interface portion with the support toward a membrane inner portion and the Si/Al ratio becomes smaller as it goes from the membrane inner portion toward a surface portion opposite to the support.

Abstract: A controller of the gas sensor can perform diagnostic processing of diagnosing a situation of control to the gas sensor in a case that the gas sensor in an operation state is determined to satisfy a predetermined diagnostic condition and adjustment processing of adjusting a condition for controlling the gas sensor in accordance with a result of diagnosis. In the diagnostic processing, a main pump voltage and a diagnostic threshold as a value of a voltage not causing decomposition of NOx in the main pump cell are compared. In the adjustment processing, temperature adjustment processing to cause, in a case that the main pump voltage is diagnosed to be equal to the threshold or more, the main pump voltage to be less than the threshold, at least in a way that the heater part increases the element driving temperature in the operation state by a predetermined increase amount is performed.

Abstract: A dehydration method is a dehydration method for selectively separating water from a mixture that contains water, and the method includes a step of supplying the mixture to a supply side space of a separation membrane, and a step of making a pressure difference between the supply side space and a permeation side space of the separation membrane. The separation membrane includes a first zeolite membrane that faces the permeation side space and is constituted by a first zeolite and a second zeolite membrane that faces the supply side space and is adjacent to the first zeolite membrane. The second zeolite membrane is constituted by a second zeolite that has the same framework structure as framework of the first zeolite and has a lower Si/Al atom ratio than a Si/Al atom ratio of the first zeolite.

Abstract: A phosphor element includes a phosphor part including an incident face of the excitation light, opposing face opposing the incident face, and side face, the phosphor part converting at least a part of the excitation light incident onto the incident face to fluorescence and emitting the fluorescence from the opposing face or incident face, and a heat dissipating substrate provided on the side face of the phosphor part. The heat dissipating substrate is composed of a metal plating film composed of a metal having a thermal conductivity of 200 W/mK or higher.

Abstract: A ceramic heater includes a ceramic plate, a main resistance heating element, and sub resistance heating elements. The main resistance heating element is a heating element that is disposed on a first plane parallel with a wafer placement surface in the ceramic plate and that has a coil shape. The sub resistance heating elements are heating elements that are disposed on a second plane parallel with the first plane in the ceramic plate between the first plane and the wafer placement surface, that complement heating with the main resistance heating element, and that have a two-dimensional shape.

Abstract: A crystalline material contains oxygen, aluminum and phosphorus, and has powder X-ray diffraction peaks shown below. When the peak at 2?=14.17±0.2° is used as the reference peak and the intensity of the reference peak is set to 100, for example, the relative intensity of the peak at 2?=8.65±0.2° is 1 to 15. The relative intensity of the peak at 2?=9.99±0.2° is 1 to 15. The relative intensity of the peak at 2?=16.52±0.2° is 5 to 80. The relative intensity of the peak at 2?=17.37±0.2° is 1 to 15. The relative intensity of the peak at 2?=21.81±0.2° is 10 to 80.

Abstract: A sensor element includes: an element base including a gas distribution part communicating from a gas inlet; and a leading-end protective layer including an inner layer covering an end portion and four side surfaces of the element base and an outer layer covering the inner layer and having a lower porosity than the inner layer, and a total thickness representative value, defined as an average of total thicknesses of the protective layer at a plurality of positions including a starting point, an intermediate position, and an innermost end of the gas distribution part, is 250 ?m or more, and a film thickness variation degree, defined as a ratio of a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the total thicknesses with respect to the total thickness representative value when the value is based at 100, is 20 or less.

Abstract: A feeder member is used to supply electricity to an electrode embedded in a ceramic base. The feeder member includes an electrode-side terminal that is made of a high-melting-point metal containing material and joined to the electrode, an intermediate member that is made of a Cu containing material and directly joined to the electrode-side terminal without using a brazing material, a cable support member that is made of a Cu containing material and joined to the intermediate member, and a cable that is made of a Cu containing material and that has one end whose end surface is welded to the cable support member.

Abstract: A membrane assembly is configured to be housed in a tubular housing. The membrane assembly includes a columnar membrane structure, an annular first flange surrounding a first end portion of the membrane structure, a first intermediate portion arranged between a first end surface of the membrane structure and the housing, and a first bonding material interposed between the first flange and the membrane structure and between the first intermediate portion and the membrane structure.