Abstract: Betulin and dihydrobetulin acyl derivatives according to the present invention have been found to have potent anti-HIV activity. The compounds of the present invention have Formula I as described herein, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1 is a C2-C20 substituted or unsubstituted carboxyacyl, R2 is hydrogen, chloro, bromo, or hydroxy, R4 is hydrogen or C(C6H5)3; wherein the dashed line represents an optional double bond between C20 and C29.

Abstract: A cancer thermotherapy apparatus of the present invention has an ortho-hexahedral cavity resonator and a loop antenna on a upper inner wall surface of the cavity resonator. The loop antenna is attached so that its loop face can be parallel to two side inner wall surfaces which are opposed each other, and orthogonal and adjacent to the upper inner wall surface. A high frequency electric power introduced into the cavity resonator is resonated in the parallel direction to the side wall surfaces on an excited mode with a constant electric field intensity along the side wall surfaces. A human body is set in the direction parallel to the side inner wall surfaces in the cavity resonator, and the resonated high frequency electric power is applied to the human body.

Abstract: During the rise time from oscillation start to steady oscillation, an electronic signal is oscillated from an oscillating means and input into an A/D converter. Then, the electronic signal is converted into digital voltage components on the magnitude of the amplitude thereof. The digital voltage components are input in a personal computer which defines a threshold level for the digital voltage components. In the personal computer, the magnitude relation between the threshold level and the digital voltage components is judged, and numeral “0” or “1” is allotted to the digital voltage components on the magnitude relation, thereby to generate a binary random number.

Abstract: A light beam from a laser source is divided into two light beams at a half mirror, and the plane of polarization of one of the two divided light beams is rotated by 90 degrees at a half-wave plate so as to be orthogonal to that of the other of the two divided light beams. The two divided light beams are superimposed and introduced into a sample to be measured in anisotropy. After passing through the sample, the superimposed light beam is split at a polarized light beam splitter into the above two light beams, and the plane of polarization of the other of the two light beam is rotated by 90 degrees at a half-wave plate so as to correspond to that of the one of the two light beams. Then, the two light beams is superimposed again at a half mirror, and an interference pattern of the superimposed light beam is projected on a screen.

Abstract: The present invention provides polynucleotides and proteins, which are involved in early-onset spinocerebellar ataxia with ocular motor apraxia and hypoalbuminemia (EAOH); and methods of using the polynucleotides and/or proteins to treat and/or diagnose EAOH.

Abstract: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of “gain of toxic function” of expanded polyglutamine stretches in CAG repeat expansion diseases, the inventors established an expression system of full-length and truncated cDNAs for dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) and found that truncated DRPLA proteins containing the expanded polyglutamine stretch, but not the full-length protein, form peri- and intra-nuclear aggregates consisting of filaments and concomitant apoptosis. The apoptotic cell death was partially suppressed by transglutaminase inhibitors, cystamine and monodansyl cadaverine, raising the possibility of involvement of transglutaminase reaction. The results may provide a potential basis for the development of therapeutic measures for CAG repeat expansion diseases.