Abstract: Computer processor hardware: parses a data stream into first portions of encoded data and second portions of encoded data; implements a first decoder to decode the first portions of encoded data into a first rendition of a signal; implements a second decoder to decode the second portions of encoded data into reconstruction data, the reconstruction data specifying how to modify the first rendition of the signal; and applies the reconstruction data to the first rendition of the signal to produce a second rendition of the signal.

Abstract: The various embodiments of the invention provide, a magnesium dichloride support and the magnesium titanium polymerization procatalyst made therefrom, and methods for making and using the same.

Abstract: Provided herein are components for a fluid network modified for one or more objective functions of interest such as pressure drop, erosion rate, fouling, coke deposition and operating costs.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to an emitter for dissociating exhaust gases on a molecular level into their respective elemental constituents. The emitter includes a palladium plated anode and a cathode, at least a portion of which is palladium plated. When properly powered, the emitters create a non-linear quantum dissonance field to dissociate molecules in exhaust.

Abstract: Systems and approaches for semiconductor metrology and surface analysis using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) are disclosed. In an example, a secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) system includes a sample stage. A primary ion beam is directed to the sample stage. An extraction lens is directed at the sample stage. The extraction lens is configured to provide a low extraction field for secondary ions emitted from a sample on the sample stage. A magnetic sector spectrograph is coupled to the extraction lens along an optical path of the SIMS system. The magnetic sector spectrograph includes an electrostatic analyzer (ESA) coupled to a magnetic sector analyzer (MSA).

Abstract: A method for encoding a first stream of video data comprising a plurality of frames of video, the method, for one or more of the plurality of frames of video, comprising the steps of: encoding in a hierarchical arrangement a frame of the video data, the hierarchical arrangement comprising a base layer of video data and a first enhancement layer of video data, said first enhancement layer of video data comprising a plurality of sub-layers of enhancement data, such that when encoded: the base layer of video data comprises data which when decoded renders the frame at a first, base, level of quality; and each sub-layer of enhancement data comprises data which, when decoded with the base layer, render the frame at a higher level of quality than the base level of quality; and wherein the steps of encoding the sub-layers of enhancement data comprises: quantizing the enhancement data at a determined initial level of quantization thereby creating a set of quantized enhancement data; associating to each of the pluralit

Abstract: Provided in this disclosure is a process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of a lower alkane into a corresponding alkene. The process includes providing a gas stream comprising the lower alkane to a reactor; contacting, in the oxidative dehydrogenation reactor, the lower alkane with a catalyst that includes a mixed metal oxide; and providing to the last 50% of the oxidative dehydrogenation reactor a stream comprising from 0.01 vol. % to 10 vol. % of a C1-C3 alcohol.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a continuous solution polymerization process wherein production rate is increased. Process solvent, ethylene, optional comonomers, optional hydrogen and a single site catalyst formulation are injected into a first reactor forming a first ethylene interpolymer. Process solvent, ethylene, optional comonomers, optional hydrogen and a heterogeneous catalyst formulation are injected into a second reactor forming a second ethylene interpolymer. The first and second reactors may be configured in series or parallel modes of operation. A third ethylene interpolymer is formed in a third reactor, wherein an optional heterogeneous catalyst formulation may be employed. In a solution phase, the first, second and optional third ethylene interpolymers are combined, the catalyst is deactivated, the solution is passivated and following a phase separation process an ethylene interpolymer product is recovered.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes bottle closure assemblies which are made at least in part with a polyethylene composition having good flow properties and good resistance to environmentally induced stress cracking. The bottle closure assembly includes a cap portion, an elongated tether portion, and a retaining means portion. The retaining means portions engages a bottle neck or an upper portion of a bottle. The elongated tether portion connects at least one point on the cap portion to at least one point on the retaining means portion so as to prevent loss of the cap portion from a bottle.

Abstract: Ethane may be catalytically oxidatively dehydrogenated to ethylene at high conversions and high selectivity in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactor in the presence of oxygen in the feed in an amount above the flammability limit. The reactor has an attached regeneration reactor to regenerate the catalyst and cycle back to the CFB.

Abstract: A polymer suitable for use in a thin film hinge (living hinge) comprising from about 0.1 to about 5 weight % of a C4-8 comonomer and the balance ethylene, said composition having a density as determined according to ASTM D 792 from about 0.945 to about 0.965 g/cm3; a melt index as determined according to ASTM D1238 (2.16 kg/190° C.) from about 10 to about 20 g/10 min; a weight average molecular weight (Mw) from about 45,000 to about 55,000 g/mol; a polydispersity from about 2.5 to about 3.1 and when molded into a strip having a length of about 13 cm and gross thickness from about 50 to about 70 mil (about 1 to about 2 mm) and completely bent over end to end four times to create a thinned region or crease having a thickness from about 15 to about 30 mil (about 0.3 to about 0.7 mm) tested by bending and releasing the deformed thinned region of the strip through a radius of curvature from about 180 to about 190° about a rounded plate goes through not less than 500 cycles without breaking.

Abstract: A process, a system, and an apparatus for separation of an oxygenate from a stream is provided. More specifically, a stream comprising the oxygenate is introduced to a quench tower along with a caustic outlet stream comprising a metal salt. Contact between the oxygenate and the metal salt results in conversion of a portion of the oxygenate into a derivative salt. The derivative salt and unconverted oxygenate are condensed by quenching and substantially removed from the quench tower as an oxygenate outlet stream. The gaseous components of the stream, minus a substantial portion of the oxygenate, are removed from the quench tower as a quench outlet stream.

Abstract: Provided herein are VLDPE polymer compositions suitable for use in the manufacture of flexible films or sheets. In one embodiment, the copolymer comprises a polyethylene VLDPE resin with Mz/Mw of greater than 2, CDBI50 of greater than 55 and a single melting peak in DSC measurement. The polymer compositions disclosed herein may be suitable for use in the manufacture of films with improved balance of film toughness, processability and sealability in monolayer and multi-layer film structures.

Abstract: A system for encoding a sequence of frames (171) of a data signal. The system comprises: a first encoding system (120) comprising at least: a first encoder (130) configured to encode the sequence of frames (171) according to a first encoding algorithm; and a first rate control unit (135) configured to control a first bit rate at which the first encoder (130) encodes said sequence of frames (171); a second encoding system (100) comprising at least: a second encoder (116) configured to encode a second sequence of frames (175) associated with the sequence of frames (171) according to a second encoding algorithm; and a second rate control unit (135) configured to control a second bit rate at which the second encoder (130) encodes said second sequence of frames (175) associated with the sequence of frames (171).

Abstract: A method for human-arbitrated conflict resolution within autonomous vehicle control system is provided herein. Autonomous operation and capabilities of an unmanned vehicle, such as an urban delivery vehicle, are improved by incorporating an onboard programmable decision unit that operates in an essentially autonomous fashion under normal operating conditions. When dynamic, changing, or unexpected conditions are encountered within the vehicle's environment, an on-board decision making unit decides how to best overcome any problems should they arise. A human operator may interact with the vehicle to resolve a conflict if an intervention delta is exceeded.

Abstract: Smart batteries and smart battery systems are disclosed. A smart battery may include an energy-storage unit providing a cathode tab and an anode tab. The smart battery may also include a circuit integrated with the energy-storage unit. The circuit may be configured to provide electrical connections to the cathode tab and the anode tab of the energy-storage unit to an external device; measure a current, a voltage, a temperature, and/or an internal resistance of the energy-storage unit; control an input/output property of the energy-storage unit; and establish a data connection with the external device.

Abstract: A method and system for encoding a plurality of signals are provided. A plurality of input signals are received. Complexity information relating to a given input signal of the plurality of input signals is obtained. A data rate target for each of the plurality of input signals is derived in dependence on an overall data rate target for the plurality of input signals. The data rate target for the given input signal depends at least in part on the complexity information relating to the given input signal. The plurality of input signals are encoded in accordance with the respective derived data rate targets to obtain a plurality of encoded signals.

Abstract: A dual reactor solution process gives high density polyethylene compositions containing a first ethylene copolymer and a second ethylene copolymer and which have good processability, stiffness, and environmental stress crack resistance. The polyethylene compositions are suitable for compression molding or injection molding applications and are particularly useful in the manufacture of caps and closures for bottles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multiple shot projectile stun gun. The multiple shot projectile stun gun may include a dual-barrel stun gun comprising a first barrel and a second barrel. Further, the multiple shot projectile stun gun may include a magazine and a magazine-receiving cavity. Further, the magazine may include a first clip assembly and a second clip assembly, each including a tubular body and a drive mechanism. The tubular body may include an open end and a closed end. Further, the drive mechanism may be positioned within the tubular body. Furthermore, the tubular body of the first clip assembly may be laterally connected along the tubular body of the second clip assembly. Additionally, the open end of the first clip assembly may be positioned coincident with the first barrel. Further, the open end of the second clip assembly may be positioned coincident with the second barrel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a modifiable band jewelry, which comprises a fibre band made of fibre threads or yarns, said band having one or more openings or loops, and at least one ornament or charm having an upper ornamental part with a lower surface connected to a lower male part, where the ornament or charm is removably attached to the band with the male part being inserted into one of said openings or loops. The fibre band may be made of several fibre threads or yarns being braided, plaited, woven, crocheted, knitted or twisted together, and a major part of the material forming the fibre threads or yarns may be synthetic.