Abstract: A computer-implemented method of processing at least one image of a retina of an eye acquired by an ophthalmic imaging device, wherein the at least one image shows a texture of the retina. The method comprises processing a first image of the at least one image using a noise reduction algorithm based on machine learning to generate a de-noised image of the retina, wherein the texture of the retina shown in the first image is at least partially removed by the noise reduction algorithm to generate the de-noised image. The method further comprises combining a second image of the at least one image with the de-noised image to generate at least one hybrid image of the retina which shows more of the texture of the retina than the de-noised image.

Abstract: A method of processing B-scans acquired by an OCT imaging system to generate correction data for compensating for axial displacements between B-scans caused by a variation in distance between the OCT imaging system and an imaging target, and to generate a reliability indicator indicative of a reliability of the correction data. The correction data is generated (S10) by determining, for each pair of adjacent B-scans, a respective indicator of an axial shift between respective representations of a common ocular feature in the adjacent B-scans. The reliability indicator is generated by: calculating (S20) values indicative of speeds or accelerations of the imaging target relative to the OCT imaging system when pairs of B-scans were acquired; where at least a predetermined number of calculated values exceed a threshold, setting (S40A) the reliability indictor to indicate that the correction data is unreliable, and otherwise (S40B) to indicate that the correction data is reliable.

Abstract: A multimode optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging system comprises a light source arranged to emit coherent light in a path to scan a sample. An optical parameter unit is arranged in the path and is operable in at least one selected mode from among a plurality of available operating modes, including at least a first mode, a second mode and a third mode. A detector is arranged to detect reflected light, the reflected light being light reflected in the path as a result of the coherence light scanning the sample. A controller is arranged to control at least one of the light source or the optical parameter unit. The first, second and third modes include a retina mode, anterior segment mode, and biometry mode, respectively. Also provided are a method for operating a multimode OCT imaging system, and a computer-readable storage medium storing a program for performing the method.

Abstract: There is provided a method of processing image data defining a fundus image of a retina to include supplementary information on a designated feature in the fundus image, comprising: designating (S10) a feature in the fundus image; receiving (S20) OCT data of a C-scan of the retina; selecting (S30) a subset of the OCT data representing a volumetric image of a part of the retina at a location on the retina corresponding to a location of the designated feature in the fundus image; processing (S40) the selected subset to generate, as the supplementary information, supplementary image data indicative of a variation, along a depth direction of the retina, of a measured reflectance of the eye in the selected subset; and combining (S50) the image data with the supplementary image data, such that an image defined by the combined data provides an indication of the variation at the designated feature.

Abstract: A multi-modal ophthalmic imaging system for acquiring ophthalmic images of a patient's eye comprising: a first imaging module, operable in a first imaging modality, for acquiring a first ophthalmic image of a first portion of the patient's eye and one or more further imaging modules, each operable in a different imaging modality. The imaging system further comprises a control module arranged to: detect an anomaly in the first ophthalmic image that is indicative of an ocular disease, determine a region of interest in the patient's eye based on the detected anomaly wherein the region of interest is a region within the patient's eye that is predicted to contain a second anomaly and determine, based on the second anomaly, a second imaging modality for imaging the determined region of interest and control the selected second imaging module to acquire a second ophthalmic image of the determined region of interest.

Abstract: A Fourier-domain OCT apparatus for optoretinography is provided. An example Fourier-domain OCT apparatus comprises: a fixation target which fixes a gaze direction of an eye; an optical system which applies an optical stimulus which is confined to a portion of a retina of the eye whose location is controllable; an OCT imaging system which acquires OCT data from the retina; and a controller which: acquires a target location on the retina; uses the target location to control the optical system, while a position of the fixation target relative to the eye remains fixed, to apply the optical stimulus to a first portion of the retina at the target location; controls the OCT imaging system to acquire OCT data of a second portion of the retina which is stimulated by the applied optical stimulus during acquisition of the OCT data; and generates the ORG data based on the acquired OCT data.

Abstract: A Fourier-domain OCT apparatus for acquiring optoretinography data, comprising: an optical system which applies an optical stimulus to a retina of an eye; an OCT imaging system which acquires OCT data from the retina; and a controller which: controls the OCT imaging system to acquire OCT data of a plurality of portions of the retina such that, for each portion, at least some of the OCT data from the portion is acquired after a respective optical stimulus has been applied to the portion; generates, based on the OCT data, respective ORG data for each portion which indicates the response of the portion to the optical stimulus; and stores respective ORG data generated for each portion in association with a respective position in a visual field of the eye that is optically conjugate with a position of the portion on the retina.

Abstract: A method of processing B-scans acquired by an OCT imaging system to generate correction data for compensating for axial displacements between B-scans caused by a variation in distance between the OCT imaging system and an imaging target, and to generate a reliability indicator indicative of a reliability of the correction data. The correction data is generated by determining, for each pair of adjacent B-scans, a respective indicator of an axial shift between respective representations of a common ocular feature in the adjacent B-scans. The reliability indicator is generated by: calculating values indicative of speeds or accelerations of the imaging target relative to the OCT imaging system when pairs of B-scans were acquired; where at least a predetermined number of calculated values exceed a threshold, setting the reliability indictor to indicate that the correction data is unreliable, and otherwise to indicate that the correction data is reliable.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, system, and computer-readable medium, for determining a level of hypertension of a person. Image data defining a retinal image of a retina of the person that has been captured by a retinal imaging system is acquired. Processing the image data is performed to identify a plurality of vessel segments present in the retinal image. Determining is performed of respective widths of vessel segments of at least a subset of the plurality of vessel segments present in the retinal image. Calculating, as a vascular summary metric, at least one average value or median value of the determined widths of the vessel segments present in the retinal image, is performed to determine a level of hypertension by which the person has been affected.

Abstract: A system arranged to process an anterior-segment optical coherence tomography, AS-OCT, image comprising representations of portions of a scleral spur of an eye to obtain a geometric measurement of the eye, comprising data processing hardware arranged to: process the AS-OCT image to acquire respective locations in the AS-OCT image of the representations of the portions of the scleral spur of the eye in the AS-OCT image; and obtain the geometric measurement based on the acquired locations. The system further comprises an OCT imaging system which is operable to acquire the AS-OCT image and comprises a fixation target to fix a gaze direction of the eye during acquisition of the AS-OCT image such that an axis in the AS-OCT image corresponding to a pupillary axis of the eye is aligned with a direction in the AS-OCT image corresponding to an axial imaging direction of the OCT imaging system.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to a method of suppressing a banding artefact in an ophthalmic image of a patient's eye. The method comprises: partitioning the ophthalmic image into a plurality of segments that partially overlap each other, applying an image correction algorithm, which computes a discrete cosine transform of each segment of the plurality of segments to suppress the banding artefact in the plurality of segments removing at least part of the one or more overlapping regions from each segment to remove an artefact introduced by the image correction algorithm to generate a respective corrected segment; and combining the corrected segments to generate a corrected ophthalmic image that comprises less of the banding artefact than the ophthalmic image.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating an alert indicating an unreliability in a location of a landmark feature in a retinal image predicted by a machine learning algorithm, comprising: a receiver module which receives the predicted location; a probability indication determining module which uses the predicted location and a mixture model, which comprises a probability distribution of a landmark feature location and is based on determined locations of the landmark feature in retinal images having a plurality of retinal image classes, to determine, for each class, a respective probability indication indicating a probability that the retinal image belongs to the class; an outlier detector module which uses the probability indications to determine whether the retinal image is an outlier belonging to none of the classes; and an alert generator module which generates, when the retinal image belongs to none of the classes, an alert indicating unreliability of the predicted location.

Abstract: An ophthalmic optical coherence tomography instrument, method, and computer-readable medium. The instrument includes a scanner defining an apparent point source for scanning sample light across a subject position and an objective having a posterior imaging configuration to project the apparent point source onto a pivot point between the objective and the subject position. The objective is settable between the posterior imaging configuration for scanning the sample light across a retina of an eye at the subject position and an anterior imaging configuration for scanning the sample light across a pivot plane. An axial region from which an interferogram is detectable extends across the pivot plane while the objective is in the anterior imaging configuration. A pupil alignment method uses the anterior imaging modality to obtain a structure position of a structure of an eye's anterior segment and then an offset between the structure position and a reference position.

Abstract: The ophthalmic optical system is configured to apply an angular scanning light ray to an eye. M=|?out/?in| is defined, where ?in represents an angle between an incident light ray to the ophthalmic optical system and an optical axis of the ophthalmic optical system, and ?out represents an angle between an exiting light ray exiting from the ophthalmic optical system toward the eye and the optical axis. The ophthalmic optical system satisfies a conditional expression Mpar<Mmax, where Mpar represents M in a case that the incident light ray is a paraxial ray, Mmax represents M in a case that the incident light ray is a ray of a maximum angle of ?in.

Abstract: An optical coherence tomography, OCT, imaging system for imaging an object, comprising an interferometer having a sample arm, and a reference arm which comprises: a first optical fibre; an optical switch controllable to guide reference light from the first optical fibre to a selected optical path of N optical paths, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, each of the N optical paths having a respective optical path length and/or chromatic dispersion that differs from the respective optical path length and/or chromatic dispersion of each of the other optical paths; and an optical coupler to guide the reference light propagating along the selected optical path to a second optical fibre. The OCT imaging system detects an interference between the reference light propagating via the second optical fibre and the sample light propagating via the sample arm after having been scattered by the object.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of searching for a region indicative of a pathology in an image of a portion of an eye acquired by an ocular imaging system, the method comprising: receiving image data defining the image; searching for the region in the image by processing the received image data using a learning algorithm; and in case a region in the image that is indicative of the pathology is found: determining a location of the region in the image; generating an instruction for an eye measurement apparatus to perform a measurement on the portion of the eye to generate measurement data, using a reference point based on the determined location for setting a location of the measurement on the portion of the eye; and receiving the measurement data from the eye measurement apparatus.

Abstract: A line-field Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography, OCT, imaging system, comprising: a curved mirror, and a scanning element at a first focus of the mirror which scans, via the mirror, a line of light across an object at a second focus of the mirror, and receives, via the mirror, light scattered by the object and aberrated by the mirror to form an aberrated line of light; a photodetector array; an interferometer which projects an interference line of light resulting from an interference between a reference light and the aberrated line of light onto the photodetector array. The OCT imaging system generates OCT data based on the interference line of light detected by the photodetector array, and corrects the OCT data using phase information in the OCT data such that the corrected OCT data has less optical aberration than the OCT data.

Abstract: An optical coherence tomography instrument suitable for imaging a retina is disclosed. In the instrument, an adjustable optical frequency shifter, which can be or include an acousto-optic modulator or electro-optic modulator, is arranged either (i) between a coupler and a reference optical system, (ii) in a reference optical system, (iii) between the coupler and a front-end optical system, or (iv) in a front-end optical system. The optical frequency of reference light or signal light may adjustably be increased or decreased. In operation, a subject is arranged such that its retina is in the focal depth of the front-end optical system. The increase or decrease in the optical frequency of the reference light or the sample light can be adjusted. Thereby, an interferogram representing a depth structure at the retina obtained between returning signal light and returning reference light may be brought to lie within a detection bandwidth of the instrument.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, system, and computer-readable medium, for determining a pathologic condition from a medical image of a portion of a subject. The method includes acquiring a plurality of lesion locations in the medical image; applying a clustering algorithm to the plurality of lesion locations to identify at least one lesion cluster and corresponding lesion cluster data; categorizing each lesion cluster into one of a set of predetermined categories based on the identified lesion cluster data; applying at least one function to the lesion cluster data with regard to each category of the set of predetermined categories, wherein the at least one function provides a fixed number of data outputs; and determining a pathologic condition by processing the fixed number of data outputs of each category of the set based on a classification algorithm trained on image data defining medical images of the portion of a plurality of subjects.

Abstract: The ophthalmic optical system is configured to apply an angular scanning light ray to an eye. M=|?out/?in| is defined, where ?in represents an angle between an incident light ray to the ophthalmic optical system and an optical axis of the ophthalmic optical system, and ?out represents an angle between an exiting light ray exiting from the ophthalmic optical system toward the eye and the optical axis. The ophthalmic optical system satisfies a conditional expression Mpar<Mmax, where Mpar represents M in a case that the incident light ray is a paraxial ray, Mmax represents M in a case that the incident light ray is a ray of a maximum angle of win.