Abstract: A method of mitigating crack formation in an article produced by additive manufacturing process is disclosed. The method utilizes Selective laser melting (SLM). The method contains the steps of utilizing a selective leaser melting (SLM) apparatus to produce a first layer of particles of a selected material on a substrate and melting and solidifying a first group of selected areas of the first layer of particles, wherein the melting and the solidification results in a pre-determined structure of the selected material; repeating utilization of SLM apparatus to produce second and subsequent layers as needed to produce layers of desired configurations to result in a predetermined scaffolding structure; and utilizing a selective leaser melting (SLM) apparatus to produce an article of specified thickness and shape on top of and in contact with the scaffolding structure. An article made by the method of this disclosure is described.

Abstract: A method for determining absolute thickness of bacterial colonies include transferring one or more bacterial colonies to an infrared (IR) transparent substrate, shining visible light; polarizing the shone visible light, thus polarizing the visible light at a predetermined linear polarization, converting the linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light, combining IR light from a second light source with the linearly polarized light, focusing the combination of IR light and the linearly polarized light by an objective onto the IR transparent substrate with the one more bacterial colonies disposed thereon, back-reflecting probe beam light from the one or more bacterial colonies, polarizing the back-reflected probe beam light, focusing the polarized back-reflected probe beam light by a lens, receiving the polarized back-reflected probe beam light by a detector, performing optical photothermal mid-infrared (O-PTIR) measurements on the detected light while varying IR and back-reflected probe beam light po

Abstract: A wearable device may include a sensor. The sensor may include a flexible fabric, a conjugated polymer coating deposited on the fabric via vapor-phase oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD), and a plurality of electrodes in coupled to the conjugated polymer coating. The wearable device may further include a processor communicatively coupled to the electrodes. The processor may measure an electrical property across the electrodes, determine a physiological event based on the measured electrical property, and output measurement information corresponding the physiological event.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method of dehydrogenating hydrocarbons, such as C2 or C3 hydrocarbons, selectively and efficiently, to provide the corresponding alkylenes. The method is based on a Pt nanolayer catalyst over MXene (Pt/MXene) that shows resistance to coke deposition. The dehydrogenation conditions developed provided about 22% propane conversion and over 90% selectivity toward the desired propylene product, and the catalyst was stable for a 24-hour continuous run. The byproducts were ethane, ethylene, and methane, and only trace amounts of coke deposition over the catalyst were detected. Similar dehydrogenation conditions provided about 18% ethane conversion and over 90% selectivity toward the desired ethylene product. A mass balance of greater than 96% was achieved in each case.

Abstract: The electrochemical sensor system includes a capillary and a conductive wire at least partially disposed within the capillary. The wire is provided as a plurality of wires, such as a pair wires. The plurality of wires is disposed substantially parallel within the capillary. The wire extends from a first terminal end of the capillary to a second terminal end of the capillary. Where the wire is provided as a plurality of wires, the capillary includes a capillary wall separating the plurality of wires. The first terminal end of the capillary includes an electrode surface where the wire is disposed therethrough and is exposed, thus forming an electrode. The exposed wire is configured to form a liquid-air interface where a droplet is disposed on the exposed wire. The wire extending from the second terminal end of the capillary is coupled to a processor configured to perform the electrochemical analysis.

Abstract: A ?PAD may include a paper-based substrate and a non-polar material printed on a surface of the substrate such that a portion the surface is exposed. The exposed portion may include a receiving area, a plurality of test areas, and a plurality of channels disposed between the receiving area and the test areas. The ?PAD may further include colorimetric sensors respectively positioned in the test areas. The channel regions may be configured to receive an analyte solution from the receiving area and direct the analyte solution to the colorimetric sensors. A system may perform image processing on captured images of the ?PAD to provide multiplexed analysis of analyte solutions applied to the ?PAD.

Abstract: A wearable autonomous anaphylaxis treatment device for preventing life-threatening allergic reactions includes integrated physiological monitoring, artificial intelligence-based detection, and automated epinephrine injection without requiring manual user intervention. The device continuously monitors respiratory function, cardiovascular performance, and autonomic responses through multiple sensors while a processor analyzes sensor data to establish personalized baseline values and detect deviations. The processor identifies anaphylaxis through multi-system pattern recognition requiring concurrent respiratory distress and cardiovascular shock conditions combined with confidence scoring that distinguishes true anaphylactic episodes from false positive situations including anxiety, exercise, or isolated physiological variations. A spring-actuated injection mechanism delivers intramuscular epinephrine when detection criteria are satisfied and contact sensors confirm proper device placement.

Abstract: A method for spatial analysis of leaf images is disclosed which includes acquiring one or more leaf images of plants, generating 3-dimensional (3D) images from the acquired one or more images from spectral heatmaps, identifying a stem and a plurality of veins, identifying i) one or more of valleys and ridges as regions between two consecutive veins from the plurality of veins, or ii) one or more of peaks and valleys as regions between two consecutive veins from the plurality of veins in the one or more generated 3D images, calculating average slopes in the generated 3D images between i) one or more of peak-to-valley, or ii) ridge-to-valley for the veins, calculating a nitrogen index based on the calculated average slopes, if the calculated average slope is between two thresholds, communicate to a user to add a predetermined chemical to the plants.

Abstract: The system includes a tensioned metastable fluid detector apparatus, a mixing chamber, and a processor. The processor is communicatively coupled to the tensioned metastable fluid detector apparatus. The processor executes steps to form an isotope detection rate versus negative pressure response curve and to determine the isotopic ratio. The mixing chamber is selectively coupled to the tensioned metastable fluid detector apparatus. The mixing chamber is configured to prepare a sample for tensioned metastable fluid detector analysis.

Abstract: Cell-culture platforms are described that can impart cyclic strain on a biologically-relevant culture substrate. Accordingly, systems and methods of the invention can provide a more accurate model of physiological strain and forces than earlier technologies. Systems of the invention enable high-throughput experimentation in standard culturing equipment, while utilizing a 3D physiologically-relevant environment.

Abstract: A hydraulic pump is disclosed, which includes an input crank shaft configured to be interfaced with a shaft of a power generating device, one or more connecting rings coupled to the input crank shaft with an eccentric interface such that when the input crank shaft is rotating causes the connecting ring to rotate with an eccentricity, a fixed annular frame, and a plurality of hydraulic actuators annularly disposed between the one or more connecting rings and the fixed annular frame, each hydraulic actuator of the plurality of hydraulic actuators having a piston disposed within a cylinder and each further including a hydraulic input and a hydraulic output, the eccentricity between the connecting ring and the input crank shaft causes the plurality of hydraulic actuators to i) pump hydraulic fluid out of the hydraulic output, or ii) cause suction of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic input.

Abstract: A precision optical control system for a laser scanning microscope includes a plurality of fiber-coupled continuous-wave lasers comprising at least one action laser and at least one excitation laser, a beam combining assembly, a beam steering assembly configured to direct beams across a sample in a scan pattern comprising discrete scan positions, a beam splitting element, at least one detector configured to detect fluorescence emission and generate an optical signal, and a controller configured to directly modulate the action laser via logic signals based on the optical signal. The direct modulation provides activation response times that enable precise spatial and temporal control of optical treatments at each scan position without requiring acousto-optic modulators. The system further comprising adjusting a power output of the at least one action laser via analog modulation based on an intensity of the optical signal during laser scanning.

Abstract: A method of identifying a ligand, which is a ligand for a target protein of interest, and which interacts with a homologous to E6AP C-terminus (HECT)-type E3 ligase; a composition comprising (a) a fluorescently labeled peptide comprising a PPxY motif, an E1 ubiquitin (Ub)-activating enzyme, an E2 Ub-conjugating enzyme, a HECT-type E3 ligase, Ub, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and a reaction buffer or (b) a fluorescently labeled peptide comprising a PPxY motif, a Ub-charged E2 Ub-conjugating enzyme, a HECT-type E3 ligase, ATP, and a reaction buffer; and a composition comprising a ligand identified in accordance with the above method or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Apparatuses for cutting tissue include an oscillator assembly and a clamp. The oscillator assembly defines a resonance frequency and includes a frame, an excitation element, and a blade. The frame has an upper portion and a lower portion, and the lower portion is configured to oscillate relative to the upper portion. The excitation element is coupled with the lower portion of the frame, and the excitation element is selectively operable to provide an excitation signal to the oscillator assembly sufficient to cause the oscillator assembly to oscillate at the resonance frequency. The blade is coupled with the lower portion for sectioning tissue. The clamp is selectively moveable along the frame to alter the resonance frequency of the oscillator assembly.

Abstract: A method of verifying the safety of a speculative instruction in a computing environment is disclosed which includes a processor speculatively arriving at execution of an instruction, the instruction associated with i) a source representing a range of source virtual or physical memory addresses holding the instruction to be executed, and ii) a destination representing a ranges of destination virtual or physical memory addresses holding data of which one or more addresses are to be loaded onto a register with execution of the instruction in the source, the source and destination representing a pair of information (PAIR). If the speculation of the source instruction clears the checking the PAIR step as safe, then allowing the execution of the speculative instruction to proceed, and if the speculation of the source instruction does not clear the checking as safe, then execution of the speculative instruction is delayed until such execution becomes non-speculative.

Abstract: A mixing assembly includes a mixing basin, first and second pluralities of mixing paddles, and at least one motor. The mixing basin includes first and second parallel shafts extending therethrough. Each of the first and second pluralities of mixing paddles are positioned in an interior of the mixing basin. Each paddle of the first plurality of mixing paddles is coupled with the first shaft and configured to rotate about a first axis and each paddle of the second plurality of mixing paddles is coupled with the second shaft and configured to counter-rotate about a second axis. The counter-rotating mixing paddles are spaced apart to define a shear gap therebetween, and the motor is operable to drive the counter-rotation of the mixing paddles.

Abstract: A method for generating augmented reality (AR) instructional content is disclosed. The method advantageously provides an AR graphical user interface for generating AR instructional content for performing a task from user-input text descriptions of the task. The method advantageously leverages generative artificial intelligence to enable a code-free and motion-capture-free experience for authoring the AR instructional content, including virtual avatar animations demonstrating performance of the steps of the task. Additionally, the method advantageously overcomes the contextual barrier by enabling the user to author context-aware AR instructions that understand the context and blend physical reality with virtual components.

Abstract: A fluorescent silk information code recognizing method includes a process of scanning a fluorescent silk information code which is affixed or included in a product, using a camera; a process of extracting a binary output key from the scanned fluorescent silk information code using a trained artificial intelligence model; and a process of authenticating the product using the extracted binary output key.

Abstract: An ultrafast system for detecting incidence of a single photon is disclosed which includes a single photon avalanche detector having an inherent bandgap, a source of probe light configured to apply an incident beam onto the single photon avalanche detector, wherein the probe light is configured to apply energy less than the bandgap, and a probe beam detector, configured to receive a reflected probe beam from the single photon avalanche detector, wherein the probe beam detector is adapted to generate a signal signifying: i) incidence of a single photon from a control beam onto the single photon avalanche detector.

Abstract: A method for making LNO film, including the steps of identifying a substrate, identifying a deposition target, placing the substrate and deposition target in a deposition environment, evolving target material into the deposition environment, and depositing evolved target material onto the substrate to yield an LNO film. The deposition environment defines a temperature of between 500 degrees Celsius and 750 degrees Celsius and a pressure of about 10?6 Torr. A seed or buffer layer may be first deposited onto the substrate, wherein the seed layer is about 30 mole percent gold and about 70 LiNbO3.