Abstract: Computer-readable media, systems and methods may improve security, authorization, and auditability of documents. For example, computer systems for serving documents may be improved to provide secure access and control through challenges that are validated with self-executing on-chain document license contracts that enforce entitlements that specify users and their authorized document actions. Such entitlements may be generated by the user who created the document. As such, a user may retain over authorizations and document actions that are permissible with respect to the document even after the user has transferred a copy of the document. Furthermore, the computer systems may be improved to write an on-chain audit log of document actions, providing an immutable record of the document actions.

Abstract: Intra-application messaging that is non-coupled may be facilitated through byte code injection. For example, a consumer class may be annotated with an annotation that describes data with which the function is to be called to consume data. A producer class may annotate a field/variable of an annotation to indicate that the data is generated by the producer class. At run time, a customized class loader scans each class as it is loaded for these annotations. When a consumer class is found, a byte code injector may write byte code that registers a consumer object instantiated from the consumer class to receive the data from a message router. When a producer class is found, a byte code injector may write byte code that notifies the message router that the data is available.

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods for distributing encrypted market data updates to market participants via private multicast channels. Among other factors, characteristics of modern computer networks may cause participants to be sent (and to receive) their encrypted data for that update at different times. Thus, after the participants have all been sent their data for that update the system may then simultaneously transmit to those participants the key that will enable them to decipher their data via a public multicast channel such that all recipients receive the key at the same time. In this manner the invention may ensure that although participants receive their data in a given update at different times, they are unable to decipher that data until substantially the same time.

Abstract: Systems and methods may detect alert conditions in data networks. An electronic surveillance system may learn filter parameters during a learning phase and apply the filter parameters to detect the alert conditions during a detecting phase. In the learning phase, the electronic surveillance system may learn filter parameters based on patterns in historical datasets. The electronic surveillance system may learn and evaluate the input dataset against one or more filter parameters to determine whether the input dataset should trigger an alert condition. For example, the electronic surveillance system may learn one or more filter parameters through statistical analyses, which may include machine-learning techniques. The electronic surveillance system may further match text in a dictionary filter parameter with communications, which may relate to the input datasets, to determine whether to trigger an alert condition.

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods for distributing market data. In one implementation, the system may generate a new encryption key at each market data update, and use that key to encrypt each market participant's data in that update before it is sent. Among other factors, characteristics of modern computer networks may cause participants to be sent (and to receive) their encrypted data in that update at different times. After the participants have all been sent their data in that update the system may then simultaneously transmit to those participants the key that will enable them to decipher their data. In an implementation, the key may be transmitted via a multicast transport protocol which can be used to ensure all recipients receive it at the same time. In this manner the invention may ensure that although participants receive their data in a given update at different times, they are unable to decipher that data until substantially the same time.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method of providing identity services includes: receiving identity data for an individual for which the identity provider has provided an identity; generating a transaction to store an identifier representing the identity data in a data structure on a blockchain of a distributed system; sending the transaction to at least one node of the distributed system; and generating an identity token incorporating the identifier representing the identity data. An embodiment of a method of verifying an identity includes: receiving data extracted from the identity token, wherein the extracted data includes an identifier representing the identity data; determining whether a data structure containing the extracted identifier representing the identity data is stored on a blockchain of a distributed system; and outputting an indication of a validity of an identity associated with the identity data based on the determination.

Abstract: Estimations of carbon dioxide (“CO2”) emission of an entity upon the condition of incomplete or missing data uses one or more algorithms implemented in a machine having a processor and a memory and data concerning the entity. The data is applied to an algorithm implemented as code executable in the processor. The algorithm produces a result that comprises an estimate of the CO2 emission of the entity. The CO2 emission estimate can be output to a user, and the underlying formula and data can inspected and optionally modified by users with suitable permissions. The CO2 emission estimate can be applied as a factor in a formula to compute a rating for the entity which can be output from the machine. Error estimates associated with the data used by the algorithm can be generated to provide improved estimates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a computer-based system for identifying supply chain risks and generating supply chain graphs representing an interconnected network of entities. An industrial graph database application is configured to account for direct and indirect (transitive) supplier risk and importance, based on a weighted set of measures: criticality, replaceability, centrality and distance. A graph-based model serves as an interactive and visual supply chain risk and importance explorer. A supply network is induced from textual data by applying text mining techniques to news stories and used to populate the supply chain/graph database.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for exploring relationships among entities are disclosed. The systems and techniques provide an entity-based information analysis and content aggregation platform that uses heterogeneous data sources to construct and maintain an ecosystem around tangible and logical entities. Entities are represented as vertices in a directed graph, and edges are generated using entity co-occurrences in unstructured documents and supervised information from structured data sources. Significance scores for the edges are computed using a method that combines supervised, unsupervised and temporal factors into a single score. Important entity attributes from the structured content and the entity neighborhood in the graph are automatically summarized as the entity fingerprint. Entities may be compared to one another based on similarity of their entity fingerprints. An interactive user interface is also disclosed that provides exploratory access to the graph and supports decision support processes.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method of recording transactions conducted in a public distributed ledger system using a personal distributed ledger system includes: generating, by a wallet distributed application, an address in the public distributed ledger system and a private key; signing, by the wallet distributed application, a transaction to a distributed application in the public distributed ledger system using the generated address and private key; generating, by the wallet distributed application, a transaction to the personal distributed ledger system, the generated transaction containing information identifying the signed transaction to the public distributed ledger system, such as the private key used to sign the transaction; and transmitting, by the wallet distributed application, the transaction to at least one distributed node of the personal distributed ledger system.

Abstract: In embodiments, a sentiment analyzer identifies a first event and accesses a first set of messages. The sentiment analyzer associates the first set of messages with the first event and analyzes the messages to identify a set of sentiment features. The set of sentiment features is used to analyze a second set of messages to form a prediction associated with a second event. The prediction may be used to facilitate an event-related service.

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods for distributing market data. In one implementation, the system may generate a new encryption key at each market data update, and use that key to encrypt each market participant's data in that update before it is sent. Among other factors, characteristics of modern computer networks may cause participants to be sent (and to receive) their encrypted data in that update at different times. After the participants have all been sent their data in that update the system may then simultaneously transmit to those participants the key that will enable them to decipher their data. In an implementation, the key may be transmitted via a multicast transport protocol which can be used to ensure all recipients receive it at the same time. In this manner the invention may ensure that although participants receive their data in a given update at different times, they are unable to decipher that data until substantially the same time.

Abstract: User-defined matching of objects is disclosed in which an electronic exchange obtains and executes user-defined rules code that overrides default exchange program code for matching objects at the electronic exchange. The electronic exchange may provide an Application Programming Interface (“API”) that exposes various immutable fields that are used to match objects. The API may also include default program code that may be overridden by the user-defined rules code, which may be implemented as a class extension or interface executed by the electronic exchange.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system, method and apparatus for evaluating a variety of financial information, determining a valuation metric, and distributing the valuation metric to system users. The valuation metric distribution may be configured by an administrator for automatic distribution of the valuation metric to system users. Alternately, a system user may log onto a central server to access the valuation metric, based on administrator defined or user-customized system data. The valuation characteristic provides a system user with a metric that may be used to assist in allocating the user's financial resources. The metric is determined by analyzing three main types of financial indicators, specifically an earnings-yield factor, an interest factor and a growth indicator.

Abstract: Intra-application messaging that is non-coupled may be facilitated through byte code injection. For example, a consumer class may be annotated with an annotation that describes data with which the function is to be called to consume data. A producer class may annotate a field/variable of an annotation to indicate that the data is generated by the producer class. At run time, a customized class loader scans each class as it is loaded for these annotations. When a consumer class is found, a byte code injector may write byte code that registers a consumer object instantiated from the consumer class to receive the data from a message router. When a producer class is found, a byte code injector may write byte code that notifies the message router that the data is available.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for incentivizing participants on an electronic trading venue to post competitively priced bids or offers onto that venue. Participants that post such bids and offers are rewarded by a venue implementing the invention by being sent more frequent (and/or enhanced) market data updates over participants who do not, while those bids and offers remain active and competitive. Participants that receive more frequent market data updates from a venue may have an informational advantage in their trading over those participants that receive less frequent updates.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for structuring and analyzing a fixed-income security are disclosed. The fixed-income security includes a coupon that provides at least a variable rate of interest payment over a time interval. The variable rate of interest payment may be based at least in part on a set of environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) goals defined for an issuer over the time interval. A set of ESG values associated with performance of the issuer and corresponding to the set of ESG goals may be reported, independently audited, and used to determine the variable rate of interest payment provided by the security.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method, system and software that provide a predictive model responsive to the correlation of news articles to stock price movement. The invention analyzes the derivative or ratio of events to drive predictions in a responsive manner. The invention considers derivatives or ratios of news meta-data within a small window in the past relative to a larger window of news items in the past. The invention may use a sentiment engine and apply the derivative of sentiment to predict volatility and/or trend direction of price of a security. The invention may look to the content, context, and derivative of sentiment to weigh news stories according to a predetermined taxonomy factoring in recency, criticality, repeatedness, trustworthiness, etc. to predict stock price behavior. Also, the invention may be used to forecast events given stock price movement and news to predict an impending story or release of significance.

Abstract: In accordance with one aspect, the present disclosure is directed to quantifying the relevance between two entities in a graph database. One way of doing this is determining the number of pathways and the length of the pathways within the graph database that connect the two entities, wherein each entity is represented as a node. In some implementations, the present disclosure identifies and quantifies the connection between a news document (e.g., a news article) and a company or other entity. For example, the connection between an online news article and a company's underlying equity instrument can be evaluated.

Abstract: Computer-readable media, systems and methods may propagate lower layer data, in headers that would otherwise be deleted, to upper layers in a network protocol stack that uses a multi-layer communication model. For example, high precision network-level timestamps that indicate a time that binary data is received at a network switch may be propagated upward for online application-level processing. Network switches may ordinarily insert network-level timestamps in frame headers that are ordinarily removed prior to propagation upward. The network-level timestamps may be propagated via in-band propagation or out-of-band propagation.