Abstract: In nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy spatial localization of the output signal is achieved by using gradient magnetic fields and radio-frequency inversion pulses to define slices through a sample from which a signal is obtained. The use of intersecting slices allows the field of view to be reduced to the region of intersection to study a localized volume of interest in the sample. Conventionally, three orthogonal gradient magnetic fields can be defined by energizing successively three gradient magnetic field coils. With the present invention combinations of the gradient magnetic field coils are energized simultaneously to allow the field of view to be more closely conformed to a described volume of interest. This simultaneous energization allows the field of view to be rotated relative to the axes of the coils and/or allows non-orthogonal intersecting slices to be defined to alter the shape of the field of view at the intersection of the slices.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are presented for preparing a single crystal ingot of a compound semiconductor material which contains a high vapor pressure component. The apparatus includes: a furnace housing 78 housing a cylindrical hermetic vessel 20 having a ceiling plate section 22A and a bottom plate section 42. External heaters 36, 38 and 40 surrounding the hermetic vessel 20, and a vapor pressure control section which communicates hermetically with the vessel 20.

Abstract: A birational permutation is a function f which is a one-to-one and onto mapping over k-tuples of numbers, where both f and its inverse are low degree rational functions. This patent describes a novel digital signature scheme which is based on a new class of birational permutations which have small keys and require few arithmetic operations.

Abstract: A process for qualitative or quantitative determination of a reactive chemical contained in a liquid sample by forming doped sol-gel glass pellets from a metal alkoxide, arranging the porous doped sol-gel glass pellets in a glass tube, contacting a liquid sample containing a reactive chemical with the porous doped sol-gel glass pellets contained in the glass tube, and measuring a length of a stained portion of the glass tube resulting from a color change in the sol-gel glass pellets. The sol-gel glass pellets are formed by a gelling step conducted at room temperature in the presence of a colorimetric reagent dopant which produces a color change in the presence of the reactive chemical, and a drying step conducted at not greater than 41.degree. C. The doped sol-gel glass pellets contain the colorimetric reagent dopant encapsulated therein and the encapsulated colorimetric reagent dopant is color changeable in the presence of the reactive chemical in the pores of the doped sol-gel glass pellets.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polishing element for use in a system and apparatus and a method for finishing and polishing a dental composite restorative material in a tooth. The system of the invention uses an elastomeric polymer disc which is impregnated with an abrasive for reduction of the composite, and an element for polishing the composite as well as the dental materials. A method of using the above apparatus in a finishing/polishing system is also provided.

Abstract: A thin film EL display element that excels in luminous efficiency, is stable, and has a superior service life, is provided. The thin film EL display element comprises a lower electrode, a first insulating film, a luminescent film, a second insulating layer, and an upper electrode formed on an insulating base substrate in this order; the second insulating layer comprises a thin film that is adjacent to the luminescent layer. The thin film comprises a sulfide or a selenide that does not form any sulfate or selenate.

Abstract: A low profile dental torque ratchet system is provided having a disposable breakaway color coded insert for holding a tool to be driven by a torsional ratchet wrench. Incorporated within the ratchet wrench is a driver that drives the tool until a preset torsional force shears the insert.

Abstract: A method, reagent mixture and test kit are provided for testing a urine sample for the presence of bacterial or somatic cells, by reacting a urine sample with a catalase-free alkaline protease enzyme and a detergent compatible therewith, so as to disrupt any such cells present in the sample and release active catalase therefrom. The presence of catalase is detected by the formation of foam upon the addition of H.sub.2 O.sub.2. The reaction of the sample with the protease enzyme and the detergent is conducted in the presence of: (a) a buffer providing for a pH of about 8.5 to about 9; and optionally (b) one or more additional solutes; the total concentration of components (a) and (b), when present, being from about 0.02M to about 0.4M.

Abstract: A method for forming a polymer particle is provided which involved irradiating a polymer solution with a laser beam. The polymer particle is formed at the focal area of the beam. The particle is reversible and disappears upon discontinuing the irradiation. Irreversible particles can be formed by including a reactive monomer in the solution. The particles are trapped by the beam and may be moved for processing and modification by moving the laser beam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the isolation and purification of immunoglobulins or fragments thereof or other biologically active factors from non-immune or immune egg yolk, by extracting the yolk with a composition containing one or more medium-chain fatty acids. The present methods provide egg immunoglobulin of high purity and high yield.

Abstract: The invention provides dental composite compositions formed by mixing a curable liquid composition with a powder in preselected proportions. The composite compositions formed are useful as cement, liner, base, restorative, pit and fissure sealants, and/or core build-up material, etc. having improved adhesion to dentin. These composite compositions include polyalkenoic acid, filler which provides elutable cations which are reactive with the polyalkenoic acid and fluoride ion, water to provide for elution of cations reactive with polyalkenoic acid, polymerizable monomer and/or prepolymer composition, unsaturated organic acid having 1 or more polymerizable groups and a catalyst system for polymerization. Optionally the composites include inert reinforcing filler for strength, aesthetics, and radiopacity.

Abstract: Introducing a raw material organic substance onto a substrate surface, causing polymerization of the raw material organic substance on the substrate surface and causing deposition of the resultant polymer on the substrate surface, previously forming a pattern on the substrate surface with at least two kinds of substances and/or through surface modification, and selectively forming an organic thin film only on this pattern or only on a portion other than the pattern. By this procedure, it is possible to directly deposit and form a thin pattern of an organic thin film, such as a film having a thickness up to 10 .mu.m.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition being an oil in water type emulsion which comprises an effective amount of a lypophilic drug is provided. The composition comprises a synergistic combination consisting of about 3-50% of an oily carrier consisting of MCT oil optionally in combination with vegetable oil, about 0.05%-20% of a phospholipid, about 0.03-10% of a non-ionic surfactant, and about 0.05-5% of an ionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of bile-duct surface active agent, cholic acid and their derivatives.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a frequency-controlled loop in a phase-diversity receiver for demodulating received ON-OFF-keyed (OOK) and phase shift keying (PSK) signals, by feeding a reference frequency signal and the received signals to a quadrature mixer (QM) which produces two output signals in phase quadrature at nominally zero intermediate frequency. Quadrature continuous wave signals void of the modulation are produced from the phase quadrature output signals. A voltage proportional to the frequency of the quadrature continuous wave signals is generated and is utilized for controlling the frequency of the generated reference frequency signal.

Abstract: A method for forming microilluminants, which comprises the steps of irradiating laser beam to microparticles doped with a laser pigment in a liquid medium, trapping the microparticles and causing these microparticles to emit light.According to this method, it is possible to form microilluminants, permitting application to new physical and chemical processes and to processing and modification of microparticles, and new developments such as optical STM.

Abstract: Synthetic tRNAs are produced from tRNA.sup.Cys (AAA), tRNA.sup.Ser (AAA), tRNA.sub.e.sup.Ala (AAA), and tRNA.sub.i.sup.Ala (AAA) genes. Polyuridylic acid-dependent syntheses of polypeptides were carried out in vitro on E. coli ribosomes using the synthetic tRNAs.

Abstract: A composition which comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and an active ingredient, such active ingredient comprising L-DOPA ethyl ester in an amount which is at least 97%, by weight, of the active ingredient, and L-DOPA in an amount which is less than 1% by weight of such active ingredient is provided by this invention. This invention also provides a process for preparing such a composition. Further, this invention provides a method of treating a patient suffering from Parkinson's disease which comprises administering to a patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of L-DOPA ethyl ester and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: A water-dispersible condensate of water-insoluble ultrafine particles of medicine or hormones having a particle size of at largest 4 .mu.m prepared by the steps of heating the medicine or hormone in a vacuum vessel at a temperature of 30.degree. C. higher than the boiling point and at a pressure between 0.01 Torr and 10 Torr to evaporate the medicine or hormone and condensing the medicine or hormone on a recovery plate to obtain the condensate.

Abstract: An air cooling device includes a headwear to be worn on a user's head, a nozzle carried by the headwear such as to be located in the user's mouth-nose region when the headwear is worn, and air tubing connected at one end to the nozzle and connectible at the opposite end to a source of cooled air for directing a stream of the cooled air via the nozzle to the user's mouth-nose region to cool the air inhaled by the user.

Abstract: Described herein is a bacterium having high antimutagenicity against mutagens and belonging to the genus of Lactobacillus. The mutagens may comprise both a base-pair change mutagen and a frameshift mutagen. The bacterium preferably has high intestine reachability and can be Lactobacillus casei.