Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus includes first and second optical waveguides to transmit light of multiple wavelengths; optical couplers on the waveguides, to couple the lights transmitted through the waveguides, so as to output the coupled light to the waveguides; phase shifters provided at preceding stages of part of the optical couplers, to change a phase shift amount of the light transmitted through the first and/or second optical waveguides, wherein the number of optical couplers in the part is greater than or equal to the number of the types of wavelengths; a monitor to monitor the intensity of the light output to the second optical waveguide via the optical coupler at the last stage; and a controller to control the phase shifters by changing the phase shift amount for each of the phase shifters in a direction in which the output of the monitor decreases.

Abstract: A wireless base station is wireless communicating with a user equipment (UE) and exchanging information with a target base station. A handover method for the a wireless base station includes: sending by the wireless base station to a UE a first reconfiguration message which includes a PDCP reconfiguration message to change a PDCP SN length of the UE to a predetermined bit length; after sending the first reconfiguration message, sending by the wireless base station a handover request message or a handover required message to inform the target base station and receiving a handover request acknowledge message or a handover command message; and after receiving the handover request acknowledge message or the handover command message, sending by the wireless base station a second reconfiguration message to the UE, wherein the second reconfiguration message includes a handover message.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for determining the overall survival of maintenance hemodialysis patients. The methods include measuring low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size and subfraction concentrations as prognostic tools for early mortality risk detection. For example, the presence of increased very small LDL concentration or decreased LDL particle size in blood-serum serves as a useful means for prognostic risk assessment and monitoring.

Abstract: A method of producing flakes containing nanostructures from a part made of a material. The method includes subjecting the part made of the material to peening by shots driven by ultrasonic energy for a period of time, wherein nano structures form on the surface of the part and, subsequently, damage to the part caused by continued peening of the part by the shots driven by ultrasonic energy results in separation of flakes containing nanostructures from the part made of the material. Nanocrystalline flakes containing fractured surfaces, microcracks, nanograins and nanolamellae. Sensors comprising nanocrystalline flakes containing fractured surfaces, microcracks, nanograins and nanolamellae.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to electrocatalytic hydrogenation of muconic acid and polymers formed from the reaction products thereof. In various embodiments, the present invention provides an electrocatalytic method to prepare 3-hexene-1,6-dioic acid, 2-hexene-1,6-dioic acid, adipic acid, or a combination thereof, from muconic acid. The method includes passing current through a catalytic cathode in a reactor including an aqueous acidic solution including muconic acid, a supporting electrolyte, and an anode, so as to generate atomic hydrogen on the cathode surface in an amount effective to hydrogenate the muconic acid to yield a product including 3-hexene-1,6-dioic acid, 2-hexene-1,6-dioic acid, adipic acid, or a mixture thereof. Also disclosed is the polymerization of 3-hexene-1,6-dioic acid, 2-hexene-1,6-dioic acid, or a combination thereof with another compound, such as a diamine or a dialcohol, to form a polymer, such as a polyamide or a polyester.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical system (100) for imaging a retina through a pupil of an eye (10). The optical system (100) comprises an illumination source (120) for providing light to illuminate the eye (10) via an illumination optical system (140). The optical system further comprises an imaging device (130) for outputting image data corresponding to the retina of the eye (10) over a period of time. Said imaging device (130) is arranged to receive reflected light from the eye (10) via an imaging optical system (150). The optical system (100) further comprises a moveably mounted offner relay (110) arranged to direct light received from the illumination optical system (140) to the eye (10) and to direct reflected light from the eye (10) to the imaging optical system (150). Said offner relay (110) is arranged to move to track a location of the pupil.

Abstract: Split enzyme reporter systems are disclosed for detecting an analyte in a mixture. Fragments of the split enzyme may be covalently bound to targeting domains that bind to target regions of an analyte, thereby causing formation of an active complex. Some split enzyme reporter systems can be used to detect an analyte without the use of analyte immobilization, blocking, or wash steps. Some reporter systems also enable rapid detection of the analyte of interest.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for targeted administration of a drug to a patient's eye. In one embodiment, the method includes inserting a hollow microneedle into the sclera of the eye at an insertion site and infusing a fluid drug formulation through the inserted microneedle and into the suprachoroidal space of the eye, wherein the infused fluid drug formulation flows within the suprachoroidal space away from the insertion site during the infusion. The fluid drug formulation may flow circumferentially toward the retinochoroidal tissue, macula, and optic nerve in the posterior segment of the eye.

Abstract: An isolation system includes an input junction coupled to one or more RF power supplies via a match network for receiving radio frequency (RF) power. The isolation system further includes a plurality of channel paths connected to the input junction for distributing the RF power among the channel paths. The isolation system includes an output junction connected between each of the channel paths and to an electrode of a plasma chamber for receiving portions of the distributed RF power to output combined power and providing the combined RF power to the electrode. Each of the channel paths includes bottom and top capacitors for blocking a signal of the different type than that of the RF power. The isolation system avoids a risk of electrical arcing created by a voltage difference between an RF terminal and a non-RF terminal when the terminals are placed proximate to each other.

Abstract: In order to solve a problem that conventionally there is no image output apparatus in which a wide-band image can be output in a narrow band, an image output apparatus includes: an accepting unit that accepts first-image information, which is information related to a first image of a first band; and multiple image output units that output second images, each of which is an image of a second band that is narrower than or equal to the first band, using the first-image information, wherein a third image obtained as a result of output of the second images by the multiple image output units is an image of a third band that is wider than the first band. Accordingly, it is possible to provide an image output apparatus in which a wide-band image can be output in a narrow band.

Abstract: There is provided a method for processing an audio input signal and a corresponding audio filter system. The method includes applying non-linear time-domain processing to the input signal to generate a processed copy of the input signal, transforming the input signal and the processed copy of the input signal to the frequency domain, and performing a comparison in the frequency-domain based on the transformed input signal and the transformed processed copy of the input signal. The method also includes determining at least one control parameter based on the comparison, performing frequency-domain processing of the transformed input signal based on the control parameter, and generating an output signal by transforming the frequency-domain processed signal to the time domain.

Abstract: Studies in mouse models of Fragile X and preliminary studies in human youth demonstrate that ERK1/2 is biomarker useful to monitoring the treatment of people diagnosed with ASD. Results reported herein demonstrate that acamprosate has the ability to reduce levels of ERK1/2 activation associated with many of the symptoms of ASD. Accordingly, in addition to its utility as a diagnostic marker for ASD ERK1/2 activation levels can be used to monitory patients treated with acamprosate.

Abstract: A method for assisting operation of an ego-vehicle in addressing a dynamic environment in which at least one further traffic object is present, an assistance system and a vehicle are provided. Information on the presence of the at least one other traffic object in the environment of the ego-vehicle is obtained. Then, information whether the other traffic participant has detected the ego-vehicle is obtained. Based on this information, a signal including information about whether the other traffic participant has detected the ego-vehicle is generated and supplied to an output device. An output signal is output based on the information whether the other traffic participant has detected the ego-vehicle, such that a parameter of the output signal is indicative of a detection probability of the detection of the ego-vehicle by the other traffic participant, an elapsed time since the detection and/or a complexity of the dynamic environment.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a vertical tunneling random access memory comprising: a first electrode disposed on a base substrate; a second electrode vertically spaced from the first electrode; a floating gate disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and configured to charge or discharge charges; a tunneling insulating layer disposed between the first electrode and the floating gate; a barrier insulating layer disposed between the floating gate and the second electrode; a contact hole passing through the tunneling insulating layer and the barrier insulating layer for partially exposing the first electrode; a semiconductor pattern extending from the second electrode, along and on a portion of a side wall face defining the contact hole, to the first electrode such that one end of the semiconductor pattern is in contact with the first electrode and the other end of the pattern is in contact with the second electrode.

Abstract: A system for identifying the location of the mobile device uses standard fluorescent light fixtures commonly found in indoor environments and detects minor variations in the light output of those fixtures caused by normal manufacturing variation. These variations are catalogued as identifying fingerprints together with location of the light fixtures to provide for navigation.

Abstract: There are disclosed imidazolinopyrimidinone compounds that have activity to induce TRAIL gene expression in macrophages. There is further disclosed a method for treating various cancers comprising administering effective amounts of an imidazolinopyrimidinone having the structure of Formula I herein.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method for object tracking via identifier-tracker pairings is provided. An identifier with data for a tracker is received. The tracker is paired with the identifier and also associated with an object. The tracker is identified based on the received identifier. A location of the tracker is determined by obtaining readings regarding the tracker on a periodic or continuous basis and calculating the tracker location from the last obtained readings or by requesting readings regarding the tracker upon receipt of the identifier and calculating the tracker location from the requested readings. The location of the tracker is designated as a location of the object associated with the tracker.

Abstract: Methods and compositions disclosed herein generally relate to genes involved in plant reproduction and methods of using the same.

Abstract: Provided are a particle image velocimetry and a method of controlling the particle image velocimetry. The particle image velocimetry includes a light source unit including two or more light sources that generate lights of different colors, wherein each of the light sources irradiates tracking particles in a flow field with a predetermined time difference; a camera that captures an image of the tracking particles; a controller that calculates migration distances of the tracking particles by splitting an image of the tracking particles captured by using the camera, into an image of each color, and calculates a velocity of the flow field by using the time difference at which the light of each of the light sources is irradiated and the migration distances of the tracking particles; and a display unit that receives velocity information of the flow field from the controller to display the velocity information.

Abstract: A plasma processing system for processing semiconductor substrates is provided. The plasma processing system includes a plasma processing volume having a volume less than the processing chamber. The plasma processing volume is defined by a top electrode, a substrate support surface opposing the surface of the top electrode and a plasma confinement structure including at least one outlet port. A conductance control structure is movably disposed proximate to the at least one outlet port and capable of controlling an outlet flow through the at least one outlet port between a first flow rate and a second flow rate. The conductance control structure controls the outlet flow rate and an at least one RF source is modulated and at least one process gas flow rate is modulated corresponding to a selected processing state set by the controller during a plasma process.