Abstract: A fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines is proposed which has at least one metering opening provided in the injection end of the fuel injection valve, an intermediate space formed downstream of the metering opening and defined on its side remote from the metering opening by a preparation wall, which is embodied as thin-walled at least in the vicinity of preparation openings that penetrate it and lead outward from the intermediate space, there further being included an exchangable cap which fits over and is snapped onto the injection end of the nozzle, the preparation openings in the cap which fits over and is snapped onto the injection end of the nozzle, the preparation openings in the cap being contructed to direct fuel at a single intake valve or a pair of intake valves.

Abstract: A method of eliminating an interfering a.c. component of a fuel injection control signal of an electronically controlled internal combustion engine, in which an injeciton duration control signal t.sub.L is computed and generated in an electronic control unit in dependency on various engine variables, such as engine speed, engine load, etc. The control signal t.sub.L which may contain an interfering a.c. component is filtered in a filter whose damping effect is variable as a function of predetermined values of at least one engine variable.

Abstract: A bacterial incubator device to facilitate organic reduction of waste materials and method of placing it in the waste water collection system, such as in a grease trap, together with the addition of culture strains of bacteria with a high capacity for specific organic reduction, including an enclosure having a foraminous wall structure packed with high surface area elements such as spherical packing of a shape of size to multiply the solid bacterial growth surface area of the location in the sewage collection system and a weight device to cause the incubator to be positioned at the interface of floating scum matter and the water.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for controlling a quantity of an explosive gas mixture to be used in treating workpieces with thermal and pressure shocks wherein a signal gas having a predetermined initial pressure is introduced into a workpiece treatment chamber of the apparatus for determining a volume of workpiece loaded into the treatment chamber by a pressure difference between the predetermined initial pressure of the signal gas and a filling pressure thereof, which pressure difference is representative of the volume of the workpieces in the treatment chamber, and metering of the explosive gas mixture is effected in accordance with this pressure difference.

Abstract: An agricultural pulling machine such as a tractor or construction machine vehicle with an attachment comprises a mounting device for coupling the attachment to the agricultural machine and a device for active damping of pitch vibrations of the vehicle. The device for active damping including a power lift for moving the mounting device and a regulating device which controls movement of the mounting device in the region of its lifting position in dependence upon the vibrations of the vehicle during travel, and a force sensor producing signals to which the regulating device responds. The mounting device includes a lever, a housing of the vehicle and a side guiding member connecting the lever with the housing of the vehicle.

Abstract: A fuel-injection pump comprises a pump cylinder, a pump plunger formed with a first relief duct opening into a working space and also opening radially at a first outlet opening into a relief space, and a drive for periodically rotating and axially reciprocating the plunger. An annular slide on the plunger can cover the first outlet opening so that a speed controller can axially shift the slide and thereby vary the venting of the working space into the relief space. An annular groove formed in the cylinder opens inward toward the plunger and a second outlet opening from the first relief duct also opens at the groove. A second relief duct formed in the plunger and opening at a respective second outlet opens at the groove and the second outlet openings are relatively spaced such that during a partial stroke of the pump plunger they communicate with each other via the groove.

Abstract: Test node equipment is provided between successive component groups operating in cascade and each test node is connected to a data bus system through which test patterns can be provided by a test pattern generator and from which signals can be evaluated by a test pattern analyzer, the test pattern generator and the test pattern analyzer being under control of a test computer. Each test node has a state in which the output of the preceding component group passes through it to the next component group with only a possibility of monitoring possible deficiencies by the test computer and other states in which the cascade operation of component groups can be interrupted at a test node for inserting a test pattern to a following component group or receiving a processed test pattern from a preceding component group.

Abstract: An electrically operated portable hair dryer wherein the housing has an air inlet at its rear end and an outlet for heated air at its front end. A grid between the outlet and the air heating unit in the housing has a hollow cylindrical outer wall which is confined in the housing, a hollow frustoconical inner wall which is spaced apart from and is surrounded by the outer wall, and a cylindrical innermost wall which is spaced apart from and is surrounded by the inner wall. The walls are integrally connected to each other by radially extending webs. The walls have a common axis, and the diameter of the inner wall decreases in the direction of flow of heated air through the grid. A perforated filter is installed in the housing adjacent the inlet, and a motor-driven impeller is rotatably mounted in the housing between the filter and the heating unit.

Abstract: A TV still frame image, perhaps with an accompanying audio segment, information retrieval system is disclosed. The system allows end users to search for, order, and retrieve still frame video images, which images are then displayed on a conventional television set. Related audio sound can be heard over the same television set, over a telephone, or over another audio device. A data base of images and sound is stored on storage devices that are controlled by a general purpose computer system. This data base is located at the "head end" of the system. In one mode of operation, an end user requests and receives a particular video image(s), and perhaps a sound segment(s), from a plurality of such images that are continuously being sent to all end users. In a second mode of operation an end user requests a data base image that is not presently being sent to all end users.

Abstract: The reflection surface of the reflector is composed of four segments depending on the low-beam light distribution pattern according to the ECE or SAE standard. For the ECE low-beam light distribution pattern, segment is part of a paraboloid of revolution; segment is a parellipsoid; reflector segment is a parellipsoid; and reflector segment is a general paraboloid. The various segments merge continuously and with smooth transitions with one another. For the SAE low-beam light distribution pattern, the reflector segment is a paraboloid of revolution; the reflector segment is a general paraboloid; the reflector segment is a paraboloid of revolution; and the reflector segment is a general paraboloid; in the SAE low-beam light distribution pattern as well, the reflector segments merge with one another continuously and with smooth transitions.

Abstract: A device for measuring particle emissions of an internal combustion engine, in particular the soot concentration in the exhaust gas, has a signal transmission route, located between a transmitter and a receiver, which traverses a flow of exhaust gas carried in an exhaust gas tube of the engine. To avoid soiling of the active elements of the transmitter and receiver that would cause inaccuracies in measurement, the signal transmission route is embodied as a beam of light, which passes through two diametrically opposed openings in the wall of the exhaust tube. The light-admitting openings are each closed with a respective transparent disk. The disks are heatable and are heated to a temperature above the burnoff temperature of the particles. Appropriate light emitting and receiving elements are used in combination with appropriate heating and evaluation circuits which indicate the soot concentration and which control fuel input to change the soot concentration.

Abstract: An impeller wheel for feeding a medium, for example fuel, includes a plurality of vanes spaced from each other at non-uniform intervals along the periphery of the impeller wheel. To reduce tonal noise to a minimum during the feeding of the medium the vanes are distributed in accordance with the mathematical interrelations of a pseudonoise sequence.

Abstract: A known valve controllable by means of an electromagnet includes at least one spring installed with prestressing, the prestressing of which must be within a relatively narrow tolerance range, if the valve is to function properly. Since then, when the valve has been assembled, the spring, which is subject to manufacturing tolerances, and other components subject to manufacturing tolerances, have been replaced with other components of different dimensions until a suitable prestressing was arrived at. The invention seeks to avoid this replacement work. The problem is solved by disposing an element that is displaceably installed so as to overcome frictional forces, and one end of a spring is supported on this element. One or more such elements are advantageously usable in multi-position magnetic valves, which for instance belong to vehicle brake systems and in particular to their anti-skid systems.

Abstract: A drive mechanism and/or transmission for transmitting power or motion to an object includes an input driving member, an output driven member, and a rigid coupling member. By changing the arrangement of the driving and driven members and the shape of the rigid coupling member, the object can be either rotated continuously, rotated in a reciprocated motion, or translated.

Abstract: A machine for brewing hot beverages, such as coffee, has a container for a supply of fresh liquid with two communicating sections one of which communicates with the atmosphere and the other of which has a bottom wall directly above an electric heater. Two or more siphons are used to convey streams of boiling liquid from the other section into a holder for a supply of flavoring agent. The siphons, the holder and at least the second section of the container are made of a non-metallic material (particularly porcelain, certain plastics, glass, ceramic or earthenware) which does not adversely affect the aroma of the beverage.

Abstract: The resistance to supply voltage, e.g. battery, fluctuation of an input/output circuit for a control system, e.g. vehicular ignition/fuel injection system, is improved by placing a comparator K in each analog input line, and using a voltage divider UD to compensate the reference voltage U.sub.R applied to one of the comparator inputs. Processing speed is increased by using digital comparators 22-26, which test not only for threshold value equal to counter state, but also for threshold value greater than counter state, in the duty-cycle modification circuit. Chip count is reduced and integration is increased by using a single voltage divider to supply all the input comparators and by using a High-Speed Output (HSO) port on the central processing unit (CPU) to perform multiple output tasks.

Abstract: An electrically operated coffee maker wherein the outlet of a water tank is separably connected with the lower end of a riser for hot water by a conduit which has an inlet fitting directly into the outlet of the tank and an outlet fitting directly into the lower end of the riser. A first O-ring is received in an external circumferential groove of the inlet and is surrounded and deformed by the outlet of the tank. A second O-ring is received in an external circumferential groove of the outlet and is surrounded and deformed by the lower end of the riser. The stream of water in the conduit is heated by one or more electric heating elements which can employ one or more thick film conductors.

Abstract: A tank level meter includes an elongated sound conductor of a solid material extending over the entire height of the tank. A sound generator is coupled to one end of the sound conductor to excite thereon surface waves and the opposite end of the conductor is coupled to a sound receiver. Due to different acoustic impedances of the material of the sound conductor of the fluids present in the tank that means of the air and of the liquid whose level is to be measured, the sound waves propagating at the interface of the sound conducting member and fluids arrive to the receiver with a phase shift which is proportional to the liquid level in the tank. By a suitable selection of materials of the sound conductor it is possible to obtain an unambiguous measuring signal at the receiver or a measuring signal having a high resolution. By using at least two sound conductors in the tank it is possible to obtain both a single value volume reading and a high resolution.

Abstract: A governor for fuel injection pumps, said governor having two or three cooperating levers used to move a fuel injection quantity control slide. A regulating spring and the idling spring engage the drag lever. A start spring is disposed between the drag lever and the start lever, the start spring is opposed by the force of a flyweight assembly which is speed-dependent. When starting the combustion engine, the start lever, which is connected to the drag lever via a pivot pin, is in an initial position corresponding to a setting of the quantity control slide, which setting is smaller than the full injection quantity. When starting, the quantity control slide is displaced through a first control range to deliver a greater quantity of fuel, up to the full load injection quantities. Thereupon, when instituting a decrease, further displacement of the flyweight assembly results in the quantity control slide being displaced through a second control range in the direction of smaller quantities of fuel.

Abstract: A driving unit for a locking bolt preferably of a central locking system of a motor vehicle includes a releasable electric driving motor controlled by an electronic control device which in turn is controlled by a key for controlling a switch pertaining to the driving motor. The driving motor is connected to a worm reduction gear which drives via an intermediate transmission the locking bolt on a predetermined path. Preferably, an automatic clamping clutch having an intermediate or free running position is arranged between the power output of the worm gears and the intermediate transmission member.