Abstract: A manual focusing circuit of a camera comprising a rotation ring having a plurality of projections, wherein the ring is manually rotated forward and rearward by a user. The manual focusing circuit further comprises a first sensing element, which is coupled to one of the projections of the rotation ring, for producing a first signal; a second sensing element, which is coupled to another of the projections of the rotation ring, for producing a second signal having a phase difference of 90 degrees against the first signal; a signal stabilizer, which is coupled to the second sensing element, for removing a noise from the second signal to produce a stabilized signal representing a rotation number of the rotation ring; and circuitry, which is coupled to the first sensing element and the signal stabilizer, for producing an output signal representing a rotation direction of the rotation ring based on the first signal and the stabilized signal.

Abstract: A system for processing a plurality of image signals which can reproduce an initial image by processing one or more image signals by a single image processor when a plurality of image signals are processed using one or more video cameras. The system for processing a plurality of image signals includes a power supply, a signal input block including one or more image signal input block, a switch block, a signal converter, a microcontroller and an image processor.

Abstract: A negative film carrier which restricts the lateral movement of negative film along a film path and determines the locations of sensors for detecting a DX code in order to prevent the poor detection (crosstalk) of a sensor, includes a restriction member for restricting the lateral movement of the negative film which is installed in a film path and DX code sensors, for detecting the DX code of the negative film, which are disposed within the restriction member.

Abstract: A wide-angle zoom lens system includes a first lens group having a positive refractive power and a second lens group having a negative refractive power and spaced from the first lens group at a first distance, the first distance being variable during zooming. The first lens group includes a first lens having a positive refractive power and a convex surface toward an object, a second lens having a negative refractive power and concave surfaces, a third lens having a positive refractive power and convex surfaces, a fourth lens having a negative refractive power and convex surfaces, a fifth lens having a negative refractive power and a concave surface toward the object, and a sixth lens having a positive refractive power and one of convex and meniscus surfaces. The second lens group includes a seventh lens having a positive refractive power and a concave surface toward the object and at least one element of a negative refractive power lens. The zoom lens system having the following characteristics:0.5<f.sub.

Abstract: A switch assembly for a camera with a zoom lens including a shutter release switch for effectuating a photographic operation of the camera, a telephoto switch for effectuating the movement of the zoom lens to a telephoto position, and a wide-angle switch for effectuating the movement of the zoom lens to a wide-angle position in which the telephoto and wide-angle switches are adjacent and surround the shutter release switch.

Abstract: A Fuzzy inference method for improving Fuzzy inference speed, by Max-process of rule contributions (RC) of Fuzzy control rules to avoid overlapping calculation when multiple control rules establish a common Fuzzy label, comprising receiving data of every channels of condition part, determining condition memberships of every data, determining RC of Fuzzy control rules in accordance with every labels by selecting minimum value among the condition memberships of, Max-processing by comparing and selecting maximum value among the RC's of every labels, repeating this operation for each Fuzzy control rule, determining a conclusion membership function in accordance with final RC of every label, and determining a final conclusion membership function by using the conclusion membership function.

Abstract: A compact zoom lens system having a zoom ratio of an approximately 3.5 times comprising a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a positive refractive power and spaced from said first lens group at a first distance, and a third lens group having a negative refractive power and spaced from the second lens group at a second distance, the first and second distances being variable during zooming, wherein 3.0<f.sub.T /f.sub.W, and L.sub.T /f.sub.T <1.0 where f.sub.T is the focal length of the zoom lens system at a telephoto position, f.sub.W is the focal length of the zoom lens system at a wide angle position, and L.sub.T is the distance from the first surface of the zoom lens system to the image plane at a telephoto position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light-exposure assembly. It includes a mask which is placed on a mask stage to accept exposed light. A work-piece stage is placed under the mask stage. A projection lens is placed in between the mask stage and the work-piece stage to form an image on the work-piece stage by accepting the exposed light. A first mark is carved on the mask to detect the parallel-degree of movement of the mask stage and the work-piece stage. A second mark is carved on the mask to measure changes in magnification of a projection lens by moving together the above first mark. A third mark is carved on the mask to determine focus point of the projection lens. A fourth mark is carved on the work-piece stage to assist the first and second marks. A first optical detecting part is placed on the work-piece stage, on which a fourth mark is carved to assist the movement of the first and second marks, and to detect the exposed light.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electromagnetic lens shutter apparatus of simple construction which can be applied to a camera having an automatic exposure control function and an automatic focus control function. The electromagnetic lens shutter apparatus comprises a lens mount; at least two sheet-like lens shutter blades; an exposure adjustment ring; opening means for opening and closing the shutter blades; and a central processing unit to control the rotation of a linear pulse motor. The linear pulse motor includes a circular rotor mounted around the cylindrical portion and a plurality of stators placed around the rotor, each stator has two armatures mounted on an inner circumference thereof with a predetermined distance from the rotor. The rotor has a plurality of projections on the outer circumference thereof projected radially outwardly at regular intervals. A permanent magnet is provided between the stators.

Abstract: A variable magnification finder has an objective lens group having an overall positive power. A first lens group and a second lens group each have a negative refractive power; a third lens group and a fourth lens group each have a positive refractive power; and an eyepiece lens group has a positive power. The second and third lens groups move to zooming from the wide angle position to the telephoto position, and compensate the change of an aberration resulting from such movement of the second and third lens groups.

Abstract: A device for adjusting an air gap between lenses having a lens barrel. First and second lenses are disposed within the lens barrel, a spring provided within the lens barrel between the first and second lenses maintains the air gap between the first and second lenses, and a retainer is screw jointed to the lens barrel. The spring is compressed or expanded by tightening or loosening the retainer with respect to the lens barrel. The air gap between lenses can be adjusted to improve the lens performance and the focusing characteristic without dismantling the lenses from the lens barrel.

Abstract: A camera having a camera finder system including a finder housing having a camera finder. The camera further includes a movable housing linearly movable into the finder housing whereby the camera finder is moved forward out of a camera body or backward into the finder housing of the camera; and drive device for linearly moving the movable housing.

Abstract: A projection optical system for a liquid crystal projector having a plurality of lenses and projecting an image from liquid crystal display devices onto a screen including a front lens portion having a meniscus lens, a first concave lens, a convex lens and a second concave lens sequentially arranged from the furthermost of an image plane. A rear lens portion is also provided having two plano-convex lenses positioned between the front lens portion and image plane (display screen), with the flat surfaces thereof facing the image plane. The projection optical system for a liquid crystal projector having a compact size and capable of projecting focused images on the screen by adjusting the distance between the front and rear lens portions.

Abstract: A camera system capable of automatically switching between a built-in flash and an external flash and including a body and an external flash detachable from the body. The body of the camera system includes a power supply integral therein, a built-in flash integral therein and coupled to the power supply, a device for determining a distance between an object and the body and producing a distance value representing the determined distance, a device for determining brightness and producing a brightness value representing the determined brightness, a device for selecting one of the external flash and the built-in flash based on the distance value and the brightness value, and a device for activating a selected one of the external flash and the built-in flash.

Abstract: A system and method for recording successive images of the same object at varying depths of field. An automatic distance measuring circuit measures the distance from an object, and a brightness measuring circuit measures the ambient brightness around the object. A shutter release switch is activated in first and second steps. A microcontroller controls the system and is connected to the automatic distance measuring circuit, the brightness measuring circuit, a shutter actuator, a diaphragm actuator, and a film motor actuator. After pressing the shutter release button once, a plurality of images are automatically recorded, each having the same exposure and a different depth of field.

Abstract: A wide angle zoom lens system. A first lens group has a positive refractive power, while a second lens group has a negative refractive power. The distance between the first lens group and the second lens group is changed during zooming. The first lens group includes a front group having a negative refractive power and a rear group having a positive refractive power. The front group includes a meniscus lens which is concave toward the object and has a negative refractive power, and the rear group includes at least four lenses which have positive or negative refractive powers, wherein 4.5<.vertline.f.sub.F /f.sub.W .vertline.<13; 0.005<.vertline.K/f.sub.F .vertline.<0.07; and 20<.vertline.(f.sub.bW .multidot.f.sub.F)/f.sub.W .vertline.<100 where f.sub.F is the focal length of the front group of the first lens group, f.sub.

Abstract: A pulse width controller comprising a circuit for generating a carrier signal; a carrier synchronization circuit for generating a carrier synchronous variable pulse signal that varies in accordance with the voltage level of the carrier signal; an integrator for integrating a reference signal, the carrier signal and the carrier synchronous variable pulse signal to generate an integrated input signal; a comparator for comparing the integrated input signal with a comparison signal to generate a compared input signal; and a circuit for synchronizing the compared input signal with one or more of the carrier signal and carrier synchronous variable pulse signal to generate a synchronous input signal and providing the synchronous input signal to the input of the integrator to be integrated with other signals.

Abstract: A single panel type liquid crystal display projector includes a flat LCD panel oriented perpendicularly to a first optical axis, lighting means having an illumination source surrounded by a parabolic reflecting mirror for irradiating parallel light onto a rear side of the flat LCD panel, and an optical lens system for focusing, wherein the optical lens system is provided with a retrofocusing optical lens system which is located between the lighting means and the flat LCD panel, a flat reflecting mirror installed so as to be inclined with respect to the first optical axis at a predetermined angle of inclination, spaced apart by a predetermined distance from the LCD panel along the first optical axis so as to reflect light traveling along the first optical axis onto a second optical axis, and a focusing lens system composed of multiple lens groups arranged on the second optical axis and spaced apart by a predetermined distance from the intersection of the flat reflecting mirror and the first optical axis.

Abstract: A camera capable of controlling the supply of power to the internal circuitry of the camera which includes a power supply for supplying power to the internal circuitry of the camera, circuitry for determining one or more photographic conditions associated with an object, and circuitry for concurrently activating the power supply and the determining circuitry to initiate a photograph taking operation.