Abstract: A coated body consisting of a substrate that can be decarburized during a carbide, nitride or carbonitride coating process comprising a first (innermost) carbon diffusion retarding coating of MetCO, MetCON, MetON adjacent to the substrate and a second (next innermost) wear resistant coating of MetC, MetN and/or MetCN, where Met is Ti, Hf, V, Zr, Si, B or other metals of subgroup 3-7 of the periodic table of the elements, or a mixture thereof. The intermediate coating has been found beneficial in order to reduce or even eliminate the formation of eta phase in the substrate.

Abstract: A cam shaft tool for a slide type lathe. The invention generally comprises an improved adjustable tool wherein a plurality of holders each carrying a cutting insert is fixed to a main block via an adjustment block. The holder is radially adjustable relative to said adjustment block and axially relative to said main block. The invention also relates to a cutting insert holder for use in a cam shaft tool.

Abstract: A tool for cutting solid material includes a tool body having a recess, and a cutting insert received in the recess. The cutting insert has spacing buttons which engage a surface of the recess to create a space for accommodating a brazing material which secures the insert to the tool body. The surface of the recess includes an annular retaining groove which receives the buttons in order to prevent tilting of the insert prior to brazing.

Abstract: A cutting insert of a sintered carbonitride alloy and with a complicated geometry, the insert having improved efficiency. This is obtained by giving the powder non-uniform compaction during pressing of the powder into a press-body so that the ultimate working edges will have a higher relative density than the surrounding, more "supporting" material in the press-body. By these means are often obtained surface defects in the form of cracks because of dissolved strains during the sintering.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cutting tool material with improved toughness behavior using alumina or silicon nitride as the matrix material. The improved toughness is achieved by the addition of whiskers and optionally zirconia in a monoclinic or tetragonal phase, to the matrix. The whiskers are disc-shaped with a thickness of 0.5-8 .mu.m and an equivalent diameter (hypothetical diameter of a circle with the same area as the disc) of about 5-50 .mu.m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to artificial onlay tooth crowns or inlays composed of a prefabricated core designed for preparations for onlay tooth crowns or inlays in natural teeth. The core is preferably fabricated from a high strength densely sintered ceramic material by copy milling from a negative reproduction from the prepared cavity to a compacted body or a presintered ceramic material. During the copy milling, the sintering shrinkage is considered by enlargement of the copy milled compacted body or the presintered body corresponding to the sintering shrinkage. The onlay tooth crown and inlays are given the final shape by shaping the surfaces outside the cavity of the compacted or the presintered body. After the final sintering, the external surface can be shaped and a veneer material attached to the external surface of the core by, e.g., firing of dental porcelain.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a roll ring for hot and/or cold rolling. The rolling track comprises one or several cemented carbide rings, which are cast into a casing made by an iron alloy. The cast alloy comprising a materially graphitic cast iron, which after the casting contains residual austenite. This residual austenite is at subsequent heat treatment or treatments partly or totally transformed under volume increase to mainly bainite with the aim of reducing or totally eliminating the differential shrinkage between the cast iron and the cemented carbide as a result from cooling after the casting.

Abstract: According to the invention, a felling bar to be used in tree felling has a handle 11 in one end and a lever plate in the other. To make is usable for driving wedges into a sawn cut, the felling bar is provided with a striking lug 17 fastened to the shaft 10 of the felling bar at or close to the connecting portion 15 joining the lever plate 12 to the shaft 10.

Abstract: A coupling connects a valve structure to a container for enclosing pure gas under high pressure. The neck of the container and the valve structure include cooperating contact surfaces. One of the contact surfaces is convexly curved, or alternatively is of frusto-conical shape. The other of the contact surfaces is of convex spherical shape. A sealing ring is compressed between those contact surfaces. The inner surface of the container is polished to achieve a high degree of smoothness. The container is formed of a top part, and a bottom portion welded to an intermediate mantle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an artificial tooth crown composed of a prefabricated coping designed for artificial strength densely sintered ceramic material with powder metallurgical methods. The tooth crown is given the final shape by a veneer material attached to the external surface of the coping by e.g., firing or dental porcelain. The tooth crown can be made in less manufacturing time with an increase in the strength and the accuracy to shape.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tool for cutting solid material, the tool including a tool body having a supporting surface, and a cutting insert having a generally conical tip portion and a shoulder portion that is intended to rest against a supporting surface, the cutting insert being secured to the tool body, e.g., by brazing. The invention also relates to the cutting insert per se. The cutting insert has a concave portion between its tip and bottom which concave portion extends circumferentially around the cutting insert. In addition, a special type of cemented carbide is used for the cutting insert.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a body coated with at least one double layer Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 -TiC. Because the Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 -layer in contact with the TiC-layer consists of kappa-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 or theta-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 an improved adherence has been obtained.A further improvement of the properties is obtained if the body after the coating is heat treated for 0.3-10 hours at 900.degree.-1100.degree. C. in protecting gas atmosphere at which initially nucleated kappa- or theta-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is transformed to fine grained alpha-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a drill rod for percussion drilling machine comprising a rod or a sleeve-shaped element that is provided with a threaded portion for engagement with another correspondingly threaded drill rod element. In order to reduce the risk for pitting damage, the threaded portion is provided with a wear lining that is metallurgically bonded to the rod. The lining is made of a metallic material that is softer than the material of the element, the latter usually being steel.

Abstract: A thread cutting insert comprises a block having along one edge thereof a plurality of teeth for successively cutting a thread in a workpiece. The teeth are of successively increasing heights from a first to a last of the teeth. The first tooth has a smoothly convexly curved cutting edge, and the remaining teeth have a multi-sided cutting edge defined by three sides of a trapezoid.

Abstract: An ice and snow scraping insert includes a cylindrical or slightly conical rear surface portion, a blunt front surface portion, and a smoothly curved transition surface portion interconnecting the front and rear surface portions. The rear surface portion defines an axial length and a diameter, the ratio (L/D) of which is from 0.3 to 0.7.

Abstract: A planting tool for plants comprises a tube having a fixed beak half at its lower end. A hinged beak is hinged to the tube such that the fixed and hinged beak halves together form a beak capable of being pressed into the ground. The beak is then opened to make a hole in the ground for the plant, and is latched in the open position by the drawbar of a latching mechanism. The drawbar is attached to the hinged beak half and arranged to slide along an outside surface of the tube as the beak is opened and closed. The drawbar slides within a protective rail that is affixed to the outside of the tube to avoid being damaged or obstructed. The upper end of the drawbar extends above a reference edge of the rail when the beak is closed, and extends below that edge when the beak is open, thereby providing a visual indication of the condition of the beak. A handle for lifting and aiming the tube is adjustably attached to the rail to be adjustable to the height of the operator.

Abstract: A ceramic cutting insert including whiskers for chip forming machining of steel and having improved mechanical, thermal and wear properties. The insert comprises an oxide based matrix and 5-50% by volume, preferably 10-40% by volume, of homogeneously dispersed whiskers of a solid solution of nitride and oxide of aluminum, preferably of the cubic aluminum oxynitride spinel (AlON). A part of the whiskers constituent may be replaced by whiskers of silicon carbide. The properties of the composite material can be further modified by coating the whisker material with thin layers. The whisker reinforced cutting material shows an improved toughness behavior compared to non-whisker containing ceramic materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ferritic-martensitic Mn-Cr-Ni-N-steel in which the austenite phase is transformed into martensite at cold deformation so that the steel obtains high strength with maintained good ductility. The distinguishing feature is an alloy analysis comprising max 0.1% C, 0.1-1.5% Si, max 5.0% Mn, 17-22% Cr, 2.0-5.0% Ni, max 2.0% Mo, max 0.2% N, balance Fe and normal amounts of impurities whereby the ferrite content is 5-45% and austenite stability, S.sub.m, expressed as S.sub.m =462 (% C+% N)+9.2% Si+8.1% Mn+13.7% Cr+34% Ni shall fulfill the condition 475<S.sub.m <600.

Abstract: A roll ring for hot and/or cold rolling. The rolling track comprises one or several cemented carbide rings, which are cast into a casing made by an iron alloy. The cast alloy comprises a materially graphitic cast iron, which, after casting, contains residual austenite. This residual austenite is, at subsequent heat treatment or treatments, partly or totally transformed under volume increase to mainly bainite with the aim of reducing or totally eliminating the differential shrinkage between the cast iron and the cemented carbide, which develops as a result of cooling after casting.

Abstract: A drill string for top hammer drilling includes a drill bit, a set of central rod members for transferring impact energy to the drill bit, and a set of tubular members surrounding the rod members for transferring rotation to the drill bit. The rod members define a first internal channel for conducting flushing medium. The drill bit defines a second internal channel which extends rearwardly and penetrates a rear end of the drill bit to communicate with the first channel. The drill bit further includes a transverse channel disposed in an intermediate section of the drill bit and which is connected to the second channel. The transverse channel penetrates an envelope surface of the drill bit for conducting flushing medium out of the drill bit and into an enlarged space defined between the drill bit and the tubular member.