Abstract: A returning system for rail-borne transporting carts without self-driving means is provided with an auxiliary drive system which has an auxiliary drive wheel in the form of a friction wheel. The friction wheel clamps, for transporting a cart and cooperating with a contact pressure part with suitable parts of the transporting cart and transfers the latter from a transporting track to a return track located under the transporting track.

Abstract: To coat several cap-shaped substrates simultaneously in an economical way with the same and high quality, several coating chambers are connected into a cap coating station by a symmetrical gas line system with a common gas generator and by another gas line system with a common vacuum pump. The gas lines have a cross sectional area Q.sub.A (x) and a cross sectional form Q.sub.F (x) which as a function of the distance x from the gas generator or from the vacuum pump are substantially the same. In this way, the same flow conditions are assured in all coating chambers. The gas line systems can be formed by precision pipes or by a stack of solid plates, in which gas ducts are introduced by boring or milling. Several cap coating stations, which are connected by suitable symmetrical gas line systems with a common vacuum pump and a common gas generator, can be combined to form a unit.

Abstract: A cooking range with a cooking zone plate made of glass, glass ceramics or similar materials. A frame for the cooking zone plate serves as edge protection on the one hand and as closing for the upper edge of the plate. On the other hand, the cooking zone plate is bonded with the frame on the edge side.According to the invention, the frame includes an attachment frame part and a visual frame part separated from the attachment frame part. The attachment frame is a standardized component that is connected with the lower plate edge. The visual frame serves as protection edge and upper closing. In this way a frame modular system can be put together for all applications in a simple, economical manner.

Abstract: A process for centrifugal coating of large-surface, arched elements, especially of cathode-ray-tube displays or screens, in which during the centrifugal coating, a disk matched to approximately the shape of the surface to be coated is rotated at a distance of 1 to 10 mm above the surface to be coated at approximately the centrifugal speed equidirectional with the surface to be coated.

Abstract: The invention offers a simple and economical mounting possibility for gas burners in molded parts made of a brittle-friable material, such as glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic, by means of which gas burners can be mounted without stresses, in a leakage-proof and gastight fashion in cooking surfaces of such a material without having to impose a restriction as to a special appliance and/or a specific burner type. The molded part which is made of the brittle-friable material, is the sole support for the gas burners, however, if the molded part breaks, the gas burners will drop onto a lower metal support so that the gas feed lines do not rupture.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for economically igniting microwave plasmas wherein no undesirable reaction products in the reaction chamber impair the quality of cladding produced thereby. The plasma is ignited on the gas outlet side of the reaction chamber by means of a high voltage that is applied at least for a short period of time. High-frequency pulses or low-frequency high voltages with frequencies in the range from 10 to 100 kHz are utilized. The high voltage is synchronized with the microwave pulses. According to a further process, the microwave pulses are excessively increased for a short time at least at their beginning. Also periodic excessive increases of the microwave pulses are possible A switchable high-voltage source is connected by way of a delay member and a current supply unit to the microwave device The output of the switchable high-voltage source is applied to the gas discharge line of the reaction chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus and process is provided for the deformation of the heat-softened end of a glass tube. In the formation of hollow articles such as, for example, vials from glass tubes, either large processing pauses occur or the formation elements have to be moved with high speed to the next tube being processed. To keep the processing pause short a forming roller is provided, which is shifted back and forth relative to the glass tube. Shifting of the forming roller takes place in such a manner that the forming roller, toward the end of the rolling, is at the starting position for forming the next glass tube.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for dividing a flat glass panel (14) are described. The panel (14) which is to be divided and which is raised away from its substrate is securely held in its part regions by two clamping devices (10, 12) which are pivoted in opposite directions about a common pivot axle (4) and thus exert on the panel (14) a bending resulting in breakage along the score line (30). Simultaneously exerted on the clamping devices (10) which are, moreover, arranged to be displaceable in the direction of their connection line is a force which presses the clamping devices apart and which at the moment of breakage of the glass panel results in the two part panels moving apart, so that the broken edges cannot strike against one another. The part panels can be deposited again on a substrate after breaking. The invention further provides for marginal strips to be broken off the panel (14) to be divided, in the raised state thereof directly before dividing.

Abstract: An ultrasonic probe is disclosed wherein the sonic energy is transmitted by sonic waveguides from ultrasonic transducers at the proximal end of the probe to the ultrasonic directional elements at the distal end. The sonic waveguides are designed so that the sound waves are transmitted in a pure mode fashion and show low transmission losses and low dispersion. The ultrasonic probe is suitable especially for medical endosonography.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of an optical thin film waveguide of TiO.sub.2 with an attenuation of <5 dB/cm on a planar inorganic substrate wherein the thin film waveguide is produced by a microwave plasma CVD process (PCVD).

Abstract: For the production of a composite glass powder of any particle size from a fine particle size, multi-component mixture of a low-melting glass powder, fillers, and additives, the fine particle size, multicomponent mixture is sintered for 10-60 minutes at a temperature at which the base glass has a viscosity of 10.sup.5 to 10.sup.6.5 dPas, and the resultant sintered cake is ground to a powder of the desired particle size. If the multicomponent mixture comprises components decomposable with the release of gas, e.g., copper carbonate, the latter are decomposed prior to sintering at a temperature below the sintering temperature. The resultant composite glass powder containing copper oxide can be used for coating varistors.

Abstract: For joining corrugated glass plates of borosilicate glass in heavy-duty packings for columns, the corrugated glass plates are placed one on top of another in the desired way and heated for 6-15 minutes at a temperature of 200-230K above their transition temperature Tg. The corrugated glass plates are fused together at their contact points and form an extraordinarily firm bond without the corrugated glass plates being deformed thereby. The composite is so stable that it can be utilized as a column supporting grate.

Abstract: A process for producing decorated glass-ceramic articles is described in which an article of crystallizable glass, prior to being decorated with a ceramic color and then converted into a glass-ceramic article by heat treatment with simultaneous burning-in of the ceramic color, is pre-heat treated with a Bronsted acid at temperatures between 50.degree. and 800.degree. C. until the surface layer of the glass article is modified so that the layer of ceramic color sinks into the surface of the article during burning-in/ceramicizing, thereby permitting if desired, a thicker layer of ceramic color to be applied and the production of decorated glass-ceramic articles in which the decoration is flush with the surface of the article to be produced, thereby reducing its susceptibility to damage and wear.

Abstract: A process for producing dense-sintered cordierite bodies and zirconium dioxide-reinforced cordierite bodies with a maximum of 50% by weight of ZrO.sub.2 is described, wherein a powder of cordierite particles of stoichiometric composition and, if appropriate, ZrO.sub.2 of a particle size of less than 3 .mu.m is heated at temperatures above 800.degree. C. at a rate of temperature rise of less than 5.degree. C. per minute. Virtually pore-free sintered bodies having outstanding mechanical properties can be produced by the process.

Abstract: A flame-resistant, hardenable polyorganosiloxane compound is described with a content of 2 to 40 weight % hollow glass balls with an outside diameter of up to 200 .mu.m and 3 to 50 weight % of an inorganic intumescent compound which expands at a temperature from 80.degree. to 250.degree. C. The preferred intumescent compound is expandable graphite. The compound can replace the previous compounds provided with polyhalogenated diphenyl compounds in fireproof windows.

Abstract: The invention is related to a glass-ceramic article decorated with a ceramic baking finish. A SiO.sub.2 layer, about 20-200 nm thick, is placed between the decoration and the glass-ceramic material. The SiO.sub.2 layer can additionally contain, to match the refractive index to the refractive index of the glass-ceramic, up to 66.5 wt. % of oxides which change the refractive index, in particular TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, SnO.sub.2, MgO or Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. In the process to produce the decorated glass ceramic article, the SiO.sub.2 layer is preferably produced according to the known sol-gel process. Preferably, an SiO.sub.2 gel layer, optionally precondensed by a brief thermal treatment, is produced on the still-vitreous article. The decoration is applied to this gel layer and afterward the vitreous article is subjected to ceramization. The SiO.sub.2 -gel layer is converted into an SiO.sub.2 layer, and the ceramic color of the decoration is baked-in. The SiO.sub.

Abstract: Temperature sensors or temperature sensor arrangements made from glass ceramic and bonding film resistors, suitable especially for control and limitation of output in glass ceramic cooking areas, are distinguished in that thin- and/or thick-film resistors are baked on supports of glass ceramic, for example, in the area of the cooking zone of a glass ceramic cooking surface, and one or more glass ceramic resistances are delimited and bonded there, and the film resistors form parallel and/or iterative circuits with the glass ceramic resistances. By suitable selection of the dimensions as well as the surface resistances and temperature coefficients of the bonding film resistors and the type of sensor circuit (parallel and/or iterative circuit), the temperature resistance characteristic of a sensor circuit can be varied within wide limits, e.g., the temperature area of use of a glass ceramic sensor can be considerably expanded toward low temperatures.

Abstract: A device and forming finger for forming a mouth area on a glass vial and a process for forming the glass vial wherein wear of the finger is reduced to a minimum so that better production tolerances for the formed mouth is possible. This is achieved by a forming finger being allocated either to each glass tube of a vial machine, or by providing play to the forming finger, or by providing the forming finger with lateral recesses. Preferably, the forming finger has a ratio of cross-sectional surface to circular segment area of the forming finger which is larger than or equal to 0.55.times.r. The aforedescribed forming fingers are used in all vial machines, in which from many glass tubes in a cycle, step by step vials are produced by rolling and melting the tube pieces.

Abstract: A glass powder crystallizable to yield a sintered glass ceramic containing hexagonal cordierite as the principal crystal phase is of the composition, in mol % on an oxide basis, of 48-61 SiO.sub.2 ; 10-16 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; 23-35 MgO; 0-4 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 ; 0-2.5 P.sub.2 O.sub.5 ; 0.5-5 .SIGMA. B.sub.2 O.sub.3 +P.sub.2 O.sub.5 ; 0-3 ZnO; 0-3 CaO; 0-1.5 BaO and as an essential component 0.5-12 F as a substitute for O. The glass powder may also contain a total of up to 3 mol % of one or more of the oxides PbO, SrO and SnO.sub.2. The glass powder can be crystallized at sintering temperatures below 970.degree. C. in a relatively broad sintering temperature range to yield a sintered glass ceramic having excellent and constant properties. It is particularly suitable for the production of electrotechnical and electronic components since it has very good electrical, dielectrical and mechanical properties.

Abstract: To provide large-surface substrates economically and in a short time, with coatings which are to be more impenetrable and more homogeneous than conventionally produced coatings, a plasma CVD process is employed in which a reaction gas capable of depositing a coating material therefrom flows over the surface to be coated and the reaction gas is excited into a band-shaped plasma by microwaves fed from two microwave feeds, in a device comprising end walls (2, 3) and a waveguide (1) with a square cross-section in which two standing waves polarized perpendicular to one another are excited and are shifted relative to one another by one-quarter wavelength, the coupling of the microwaves to the plasma being performed by a lengthwise slit (6) made in one of the edges of waveguide (1), with two crossed microwave polarizers (4, 5) being positioned in waveguide (1), such that each polarizer can be penetrated by the microwaves from the feed (7, 8) adjacent thereto and cannot be penetrated by the microwaves from the feed (