Abstract: Electromagnetic energy is deposited into a volume, an acoustic return signal from energy deposited in the volume is measured, and a parametric map that estimates values of at least one parameter as spatially represented in the volume is computed. A reference level of a region of interest is determined, and upper and lower color map limits are specified, with at least one of them being determined in relation to the reference level. The parametric map is then rendered in the palette of a color map by mapping the estimated values of the parametric map onto the color map according to the color map limits. Two wavelengths of energy can be applied to the volume, and the parametric map computation can be adapted by applying an implicit or explicit model of, or theoretical basis for, distribution of electromagnetic energy fluence within the volume pertaining to the two wavelengths.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for generating sinograms by sampling a plurality of transducers acoustically coupled with the surface of a volume of tissue over a period of time after a light pulse at one wavelength, and after another light pulse at a different wavelength, and for processing those sinograms, reconstructing at least two optoacoustic images from the two sinograms, processing the two optoacoustic images to generate two envelope images and generating a parametric map from information in the two envelope images. In an embodiment, motion and tracking are determined to align the envelope images. In an embodiment, at least a second parametric map is produced from information in the same two envelope images. In an embodiment an ultrasound image is also acquired, and the parametric map is coregistered with and overlayed upon the ultrasound image, and then displayed.

Abstract: Described is system and method for detecting anomalous channels in an optoacoustic imaging system in which transducer elements are acoustically coupled with a portion of the surface of a volume of tissue and a pulse of light is directed onto an area of the surface, the pulse imparting less than a predetermined fluence upon the surface. A sinogram is recorded by sampling transducers acoustically coupled with the surface of the volume for a predetermined period of time after the pulse of light to record data reflecting the optoacoustic response of the volume of tissue to the pulse, the samples for each transducer corresponding to a channel. The sinogram is analyzed for the presence of one or more anomalous channels, and the sinogram samples corresponding with the anomalous channels are modified to reduce the affect of the anomalous channel on an image reconstructed from the sinogram.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an apparatus for opto-acoustic imaging includes a first contact area adapted to apply a first pressure to a surface of an imaging volume of a subject and a second contact area adapted to apply a second pressure to the surface. The second contact area is configured to provide decreased blood exit from the imaging volume by restricting flow relative to the first contact area. An optical energy output port is provided to illuminate the imaging volume to produce opto-acoustic signals from an absorbed optical energy of blood in the imaging volume. The opto-acoustic signals are detected by one or more ultrasound transducers and processed by a processor to generate images of the volume. An image generated by processing the detected opto-acoustic signals is output on a display.

Abstract: An optoacoustic system includes first and second light sources capable of generating pulse of light at first and second wavelengths, optical output control, first and second light sync detectors, and a combiner. A power meter that is calibrated to determine power at the first and second predominant wavelength measures power at the first wavelength after the first light sync is detected and measures power at the second wavelength after the second light sync is detected. The system includes a calibration mode wherein it reduces optical output of the first light source when the power measured by the power meter at the first wavelength after the first light sync is detected is above a first level, and reduces optical output of the second light source when the power measured by the power meter at the second wavelength after the second light sync is detected is above a second level.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an opto-acoustic probe includes an acoustic receiver, an optical energy path, and an exterior surface with a combined optical and acoustic port. The probe includes an acoustically transmissive optical distribution element having a distal surface and a proximal surface. The distal surface is adapted to be coupled to a volume of a biological tissue to deliver optical energy to the volume and to exchange acoustic energy with the volume and the proximal surface permits acoustic energy originating within the volume due to delivered optical energy to be detected by the acoustic receiver after the acoustic energy passes through the optical distribution element. The optical energy path of the probe is adapted to pass optical energy to one or more optical energy inputs of the optical distribution element.

Abstract: A system is provided for component separation. In an embodiment, a light source or other source of electromagnetic energy delivers energy to a volume of tissue. A transducer array or other sensor receives a resulting acoustic signal, and a processing subsystem processes the acoustic signal to separate a direct acoustic return component from a secondary acoustic return component of the acoustic signal. An output and/or storage device presents and/or stores information about the direct acoustic return component, the secondary acoustic return component, or both. Other embodiments include a coded probe, a probe having an isolator that produces a wavefront, a sensor for measuring intensity of an acoustic wave produced by absorbed photons, and a system that receives acoustic signals from surface targets to determine an optical parameter of the volume.

Abstract: An optoacoustic system includes first and second light sources capable of generating pulse of light at first and second wavelengths, optical output control, first and second light sync detectors, and a combiner. A power meter that is calibrated to determine power at the first and second predominant wavelength measures power at the first wavelength after the first light sync is detected and measures power at the second wavelength after the second light sync is detected. The system includes a calibration mode wherein it reduces optical output of the first light source when the power measured by the power meter at the first wavelength after the first light sync is detected is above a first level, and reduces optical output of the second light source when the power measured by the power meter at the second wavelength after the second light sync is detected is above a second level.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for generating sinograms by sampling transducers acoustically coupled with a surface of a volume after a pulse of light, each transducer being associated with a channel in an optoacoustic imaging system, and processing at least two multi-channel sinograms, each corresponding to a different one of the at least two different predominant wavelengths, to create at least two processed sinograms. The processing step includes a step of sub-band acoustic compensation. Image reconstruction is performed based upon the processed sinograms to generate at least two optoacoustic images. Image post processing is performed on the optoacoustic images to generate post-processed images. A parametric map is generated based upon information contained in the post-processed images, and an ultrasound image is generated using the transducers. The parametric map and the ultrasound image are co-registered and a co-registered image is displayed.

Abstract: A system and method for adjusting the light output of an optoacoustic imaging system is presented. An optoacoustic imaging system includes a light source such as a laser, the light source having a light output control, a probe for delivering light to a volume, the probe being associated with one or more sensors, a light path operatively connected to the first light source, the light path providing light from the first light source to the probe. Generally, the light output of an optoacoustic imaging system may be harmful to the eye, and may be subject to maximum safe fluence levels incident upon the volume of interest in a clinical setting. Accordingly, the light output control may be set to an initial, relatively low value. After the light source is pulsed, the light output may be measured at or near the probe at the distal end of the light path. The measured light output can used to determine whether, and how much, to change the setting of the light output control.

Abstract: An optoacoustic probe including an ultrasound transducer array, an acoustic lens and a light path separated from the transducer array by an isolator to mitigate light energy from the light path from reaching the transducer array. The isolator being formed from a mixture including a flexible carrier, a coloring and between 10% and 80% by volume micro-bubbles. The isolator mixture being adapted to both absorb light energy and the optoacoustic response to light energy. In an embodiment, an optoacoustic probe also comprises an optical window and/or a diffuser, and the isolator also separating the transducer array from these components.

Abstract: A system and method for adjusting the light output of an optoacoustic imaging system. An optoacoustic imaging system includes a light source having a light output control, a probe for delivering light to a volume, the probe being associated with one or more sensors, a light path operatively connected to the first light source, the light path providing light from the first light source to the probe. To avoid unsafe fluence levels incident upon the volume of interest in a clinical setting, the light output control may be set to an initial, relatively low value. After the light source is pulsed, the light output may be measured at or near the probe at the distal end of the light path. The measured light output can used to determine whether, and how much, to change the setting of the light output control.

Abstract: An optoacoustic imaging system includes a hand-held imaging probe having a light emitting portion and an array of ultrasonic transducers. The probe includes an acoustic lens having an optically reflective material that operates to avoid image artifacts associated with light interactions with the acoustic lens. The optically reflective material may be a thin, highly optically reflective metallic layer. The acoustic lens may be formed from a material such as silicon rubber filled with titanium dioxide or barium sulfate that allows it to reflect and scatter light from illumination components with substantially no absorption of such light, and yet be optically opaque. The probe may include a housing that provides hypo-echoic encapsulation of the probe. An assembly of the array of ultrasonic transducers may include a hypo-echoic material. The probe may include optical windows, each comprising one or more anti-reflection-coated plates with acoustic impedance matching that of tissues to be imaged.

Abstract: An optoacoustic imaging system includes a handheld probe and first and second pulsed light sources having a common output. The first and second light sources generate pulses of light at first and second predominant wavelengths, respectively. The handheld probe includes an ultrasound transducer array having an active end located at the distal end of the handheld probe for receiving an optoacoustic return signal. A sensor measures a portion of the light transmitted along the light path. A data acquisition samples the ultrasound transducer array during a predetermined period of time after a pulse of light from the first light source and during a predetermined period of time after a pulse of light from the second light source. The sampled data is stored.

Abstract: A method for controlling an optoacoustic imaging system includes the steps of analyzing sinogram data values to identify variations, storing information concerning the variations, generating first and second sinograms, and processing the sinograms to mitigate the effect of the variations. In the analyzing step, sinogram data values are analyzed to identify one or more variations that are related to performance of one or more of the discrete components of the optoacoustic imaging system. The identified variations are then stored. A first sinogram is generated by sampling transducer elements acoustically coupled with a surface of a volume for a predetermined period of time after delivery of a pulse of light having a first wavelength, the first sinogram containing one channel for each of the transducer elements.

Abstract: A method for optoacoustic imaging of a tissue mass after treating the skin overlying a portion of a tissue being imaged to improve optical clarity is presented. In an embodiment, the method involves optoacoustic imaging after first applying a carrier agent such as hyaluronic acid to the skin surface and applying a clearing agent to the skin. A method of temporarily reducing optical scattering (opacity) of skin for diagnostic purposes is also presented. In an embodiment, the method involves applying a liquid comprising at least one of: polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, to the skin, the skin having been pretreated with hyaluronic acid.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for generating sinograms by sampling a plurality of transducers acoustically coupled with the surface of a volume of tissue over a period of time after a light pulse at one wavelength, and after another light pulse at a different wavelength, and for processing those sinograms, reconstructing at least two optoacoustic images from the two sinograms, processing the two optoacoustic images to generate two envelope images and generating a parametric map from information in the two envelope images. In an embodiment, motion and tracking are determined to align the envelope images. In an embodiment, at least a second parametric map is produced from information in the same two envelope images. In an embodiment an ultrasound image is also acquired, and the parametric map is coregistered with and overlayed upon the ultrasound image, and then displayed.

Abstract: An optoacoustic imaging system comprising a light source, a handheld probe and a fiber optic cable is disclosed. The light source is capable of generating at least one pulse of light. The handheld probe comprising a transducer array capable of receiving an optoacoustic return signal. In an embodiment, the fibers being randomized between the input and the output in a manner that prevents a local anomaly affecting an adjacent group of the fibers at the input from affecting an adjacent group of the fibers at the output. In an embodiment, the output of the fiber optic cable being organized into multiple groups, and the fibers being intermingled between the input and the output in a manner that prevents a local anomaly affecting an adjacent group of the fibers at the input from disproportionately affecting one or more of the output groups.

Abstract: A method of recording data in a file, the data being associated with the operation of a combined ultrasound and optoacoustic imaging system. The method generates a sinograms each reflective an of an optoacoustic return signal responsive to a light event, and associates each sinogram with a value that can be used to determine its temporal order. The method also generates ultrasound images each reflective an of an ultrasound return signal responsive to generated ultrasound, and associates each ultrasound image with a value that can be used to determine its temporal order. The sinogram and ultrasound data are stored in frames without concern for the precise order of the frames in the file, the frames including the values associating the sinograms and ultrasound images with their temporal order, so that the order and timing of the data underlying the frames can be reconstructed from the information in the file.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for creating and outputting a masked parametric map that reflects parameters in a first parametric map and second parametric map. First and second parametric maps are generated, and then a masked parametric map that reflects parameters in the first and second parametric maps is generated. The first parametric map may be based upon portions of two optoacoustic images created using differing wavelengths of light. The first parametric map is reflective of areas within the volume of tissue that have a differing response to the longer wavelength light event compared to the shorter one. The second parametric map is reflective of areas within the volume of tissue that have a stronger response to the longer and shorter wavelength light events than the surrounding areas. A masked parametric map is output which is reflective of a combination of information in the first and second parametric maps.