Abstract: A method for deriving interference signals from modulated, digital signals is provided. The receiver end reconstructs the modulated digital signals sent by a transmitter. These reconstructed modulated digital signals are then subtracted from the received modulated digital signals, and the result of the subtraction is used to estimate the interference signals without influence by prior filtering at the receiver end. By way of example, it is possible to demodulate the interference signals estimated at the receiver end in order to ascertain possible unauthorized carrier frequencies which disturb the regular carrier frequencies, even if the interference signals are not completely in the bandwidth of the regular carrier frequency or carrier frequencies.

Abstract: A system for irradiating a predetermined target volume in a body with a particle beam is constructed to direct the particle beam at a multiplicity of target points in the body in succession, in order to produce at each of the target points a predetermined dose distribution. For the system there is determined a planning target volume by first determining, in a fictive homogeneous body, a target volume equivalent to the minimum target volume in the body. The equivalent target volume is extended by a safety margin, in order to determine the planning target volume.

Abstract: A track-side fault detection system, includes a central station and at least one field station at the track side, with the field station including a control apparatus and at least two cameras. The cameras shoot a train when said train passes by and send the shot image data to the control apparatus. The control apparatus performs image processing of the image data of the cameras using a built-in GPU and sends the processed image data to the central station via a network. The central station detects a fault of the train according to the image data from the control apparatus of the field station. With the TFDS, the image data processing capability and efficiency can be significantly improved and the installation costs at the field stations can be significantly reduced.

Abstract: A pulsed magnetic field is generated by a device having a magnet to be operated in pulse operation which contains at least one superconductive refrigerant-free winding that is disk-shaped or saddle-shaped. Also included is a refrigerating unit which has at least one cold head. A line system, having a refrigerant circulating in it according to a thermosiphon effect, thermally couples the winding to the cold head. The line system has a plurality of separate pipes lying next to one another. The pipes, open onto a common refrigerant distributor and closed at the other end, are thermally coupled to the surface of the disk-shaped or saddle-shaped winding.

Abstract: A noise generator for generating band-limited noise from a plurality of sinusoidal signals at the same level and equidistant frequency position in the noise spectrum is provided. A noise signal has a low crest factor and for this purpose the phase position of each individual sinusoidal signal is determined.

Abstract: A system includes a plurality of electrical switches. Every switch is associated with at least one monitoring device for detecting the respective switching condition of the switch. All of the monitoring devices are interconnected through a data connection through which the switching conditions of all of the switches are made known to every monitoring device.

Abstract: A method and an X-ray device are disclosed for creating an X-ray projection image of a three-dimensional object under examination and for displaying the projection image. In at least one embodiment, pixel images are recorded from two different perspectives and a projection image is created by overlaying the two pixel images, wherein perspective-related offset of the mapping image pixels is taken into account, pixel-by-pixel, in relation to an imaging surface in the object under examination.

Abstract: An automation appliance includes a terminal module, in which a function module that is plugged into the terminal module, the automation device being suitable for modular extension by arranging in a row further terminal modules. The terminal module comprises a first holding device for holding the function module, a second holding device including a first contact device for holding a connecting module which has a second contact device, where a supply voltage for the function module is passable through the connecting module, and where a voltage monitoring device for monitoring the supply voltage is integrated in the function module.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stable mixture comprising surface-modified particles which are obtained by reacting metal oxide or semimetal oxide particles with at least one compound selected from among silicon-comprising compounds bearing one, two or three alkoxy radicals and at least one solvent, at least one surface-active substance or a mixture thereof, the use of these particles in systems in which they are brought into contact with at least one solvent, where the mass ratio of solvent to modified particle is greater than 500, and also the use of these particles in agglomeration-deagglomeration cycles.

Abstract: An electromagnetic flowmeter for measuring the flow of a medium through a measuring pipe, wherein the flowmeter includes first and second electrodes arranged on opposite sides of the measuring pipe and coupled electrically or capacitively to the medium. A common mode test signal is passed to the first and second electrodes. A third electrode is provided at the top of the measuring pipe for receiving a response signal in response to the test signal passed to the first and second electrodes. The flowmeter also includes a detection device for detecting whether the third electrode is in contact with the medium based on the response signal.

Abstract: A load cell includes a cylindrical ring with one end closed by a membrane configured to receive a load or force to be measured. A sensor carrier plate is arranged in a cavity formed by the ring and the membrane. The sensor carrier plate is coupled to the membrane to undergo a displacement upon deflection of the membrane. The sensor carrier plate has an inner and an outer portion and carries in the outer portion at least one sensor adapted for sensing the displacement and generating a signal based on the load or force applied to the membrane. The sensor carrier plate is movably coupled to the membrane at a location between the inner portion and the outer portion. At least one further sensor is arranged in the inner portion generating a signal changing with opposite sign with respect to the signal of the sensor.

Abstract: A network node for a communication network comprising a first subnetwork and a second subnetwork connected to the first subnetwork, wherein the first subnetwork uses a spanning tree protocol and the second subnetwork uses a second protocol differing from the protocol of the first subnetwork, and the network node is configured as an element for the second subnetwork and is configured for communication within the second subnetwork. In addition, the network node configured by a spanning tree functionality as a spanning tree master node for checking and controlling the second subnetwork in such a way that the second subnetwork is handled or is able to be handled by the spanning tree protocol of the first subnetwork as a virtual network node.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for determining the temperature distribution in a tissue to be ablated and/or in a body tissue of a patient containing the tissue to be ablated. The method includes determining at least one item of information relating to a blood flow associated with at least one of in the tissue to be ablated and in the body tissue containing the tissue to be ablated, such that the item of information originates from a perfusion measurement of at least one of the tissue to be ablated and the body tissue containing the tissue to be ablated. The method includes determining the temperature distribution in the tissue to be ablated and/or in the body tissue containing the tissue to be ablated taking into account the at least one item of information relating to the blood flow.

Abstract: A cooling system comprising a heat sink having, a first contact zone and a second contact zone, which are configured to absorb, a first heat flow from a first component, a second heat flow from a second component, and a first transmission means for transmission of the first heat flow via the first contact zone into the heat sink. In addition, a first transmission means is arranged between the first component, and the heat sink and include a first plug means that is shaped such that the first plug means forms a first fit with a first bushing means that is arranged in the heat sink, where the first fit provides tolerance compensation between first and second contact zones.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agglomerate of at least one particle P which is hydrophobicized on the surface with at least one first surface-active substance and at least one magnetic particle MP which is hydrophobicized on the surface with at least one second surface-active substance, a process for producing it and also the use of these agglomerates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for separating at least one first material from a mixture comprising this at least one first material, at least one second material and magnetic particles, which comprises the following steps (A) at least partial removal of the magnetic particles by application of a magnetic field gradient, optionally in the presence of at least one dispersing medium, to give a mixture comprising at least one first material and at least one second material and a reduced amount of magnetic particles, (B) contacting of the mixture comprising at least one first material and at least one second material from step (A) with magnetic particles so that the at least one first material and the magnetic particles agglomerate, (C) separation of the agglomeration product from the mixture from step (B) by application of a magnetic field gradient and (D) dissociation of the agglomeration product separated off in step (C) in order to obtain the at least one first material and the magnetic particles

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for separating at least one first material from a mixture comprising this at least one first material and at least one second material, which comprises at least the following steps: (A) contacting of the mixture comprising at least one first material and at least one second material with at least one surface-active substance, if appropriate in the presence of at least one dispersion medium, with the surface-active substance binding to the at least one first material, (B) if appropriate, addition of at least one dispersion medium to the mixture obtained in step (A) in order to obtain a dispersion, (C) treatment of the dispersion from step (A) or (B) with at least one hydrophobic magnetic particle so that the at least one first material to which the at least one surface-active substance is bound and the at least one magnetic particle agglomerate, (D) separation of the agglomerate from step (C) from the mixture by application of a magnetic field in order to obtain th

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dispersion at least comprising particles comprising at least one magnetic iron oxide as component A and a solvent mixture as component B comprising (B1) 5% to 95% by weight of at least one water-miscible organic solvent LM as component B1 and (B2) 5% to 95% by weight of water as component B2, the sum of components B1 and B2 making 100% by weight, and to a method for producing a dispersion of this kind, comprising at least the steps (I) mixing particles comprising at least one magnetic iron oxide with at least one water-miscible organic solvent LM and water, (II) homogenizing the mixture from step (I), where a shearing energy of at least 2 kW/m3 is introduced into the mixture in step (II).

Abstract: An industrial automation system for controlling the operating means of a technical process. The system includes fail-safe modules for interchanging process data with the operating means, i.e., actuating and measurement signals, stations having slots for modules, which slots are inter-connected by a backplane bus, a central processing unit at least for processing process signals from the technical process, and a field bus for transmitting data between the central processing unit and the stations. In accordance with the invention, the address relationship for the addressing of a fail-safe module by the central processing unit over the field bus for data processing purposes is permanently stored in a first memory in the respective module and is additionally permanently backed-up in the associated station.

Abstract: A sorting installation for letters of a first kind and letters of a second kind includes circulating stacking locations for receiving the letters of the first kind delivered in any desired sequence, and circulating end locations ordered by destination addresses. A first controller is operable to transfer a letter of the first kind from a circulating stacking location to an end location assigned to a destination address of the letter of the first kind. The installation includes further letter-stacking locations for letters of the second kind. A second controller is operable to transfer a letter of the second kind from a letter-stacking location to an end location assigned to a destination address of the letter of the second kind.