Abstract: The invention comprises compounds for selectively inhibiting glycosidases, prodrugs of the compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds or prodrugs of the compounds. The invention also comprises animal models and methods of making the animal models for studying diseases and disorders related to deficiency or overexpression of O-GlcNAcase, accumulation or deficiency of O-GlcNAc, and treatment of such diseases and disorders. The invention also comprises methods of treating such diseases and disorders. The invention also comprises methods of making the compounds, and methods of making selective glycosidase inhibitors.

Abstract: A surface activation method is provided to convert polycarbonate (PC) substrates, e.g., plastic bases of optical discs, to biochip platforms. Such surface activation methods comprise providing an ozone enriched environment in a vicinity of the surface and irradiating the surface with UV radiation. Once activated, the surfaces can be used for DNA probe immobilization and target detection or other bioassays.

Abstract: This application relates to the use of phosphonium-based ionic liquids as recyclable solvents for solution phase chemistry. The ionic liquids may be used, for example, as solvents for reactions involving Grignard reagents, hydridic reagents, metallic and non-metallic reducing agents, and strong bases, including nucleophilic carbenes and Wittig reagents. In one embodiment the invention may comprise homogeneous mixtures of strong bases/nucleophiles/reducing agents and tetrahydrocarbylphosphonium salt ionic liquids. The invention also relates to chemical processes that may proceed in either minimally flammable solvent, or a complete absence of flammable solvent, including systems containing strong reducing agents such as alkali and alkaline metals or metal and non-metal hydrides. Methods for generating anions and nucleophililic carbenes (imidazol-2-ylidenes) (and complexes derived from them) in phosphonium-based ionic liquids are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides digital imaging architectures comprising detectors coupled to readout circuitry, wherein the readout circuitry is capable of providing large amplification to small, noise sensitive input signals to improve their noise immunity, as well as capable of providing a fast pixel readout time. The readout circuitry comprises an on-pixel amplification transistor as well as additional transistors used to read out the amplified signal and/or to reset the amplified output signal stored by a portion of the circuit prior to reading a subsequent signal. The present invention also provides readout circuitry that is capable of providing large amplification and thus additional noise immunity to the input signal from the detector by implementing another amplification stage within the readout circuitry.

Abstract: A light emitting display comprising a first electrode layer on a substrate. The electrode layer is patterned to form a plurality of laterally spaced apart strips in a first direction. A plurality of spacedly disposed light emitting organic elements with a second electrode layer atop are disposed on the first electrode layer in a second direction. An undercut structure made of an undercut pattern transfer layer and an overlaying pattern transfer layer. The undercut structure is disposed between the plurality of spacedly disposed light emitting organic elements. A light emitting display having a color isolation well. The color isolation well is characterized by a first well layer and a second well layer in which the first well layer matches a property of an emissive polymer or small molecule dye held by the well whereas the second well layer does not match the property.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microfluidic device comprising one or more fluid channels, one or more fluid ports, and a V-shaped particle retention structure. The fluid channel is generally opposite the particle retention structure, fluid ports are located between the fluid channel and the particle retention structure, and the particle retention structure has sloped side walls. Fluid, including reagents, can be delivered to the microfluidic device through the one or more fluid channels or the fluid ports. The invention also relates to methods of using the microfluidic device to monitor, observe, measure, or record a biological parameter of a particle, to separate a single particle from a group of particles, to culture a cell, to treat a particle, and to move a particle back and forth in the device.

Abstract: A method for making three-dimensional structures comprises providing a plurality of components, each of which is moveably coupled to a substrate. The components may be pivotally coupled to the substrate by one or more micromachined hinges. The components are moved using electrostatic forces which lift the components from the surface of the substrate. The components may then be moved further by providing electrostatic forces between components. Two or more components may engage with one another to provide a three-dimensional structure.

Abstract: This application relates to vaprochromic coordination polymers useful for analyte detection. The vapochromism may be observed by visible color changes, changes in luminescence, and/or spectroscopic changes in the infrared (IR) signature. One or more of the above chromatic changes may be relied upon to identify a specific analyte, such as a volatile organic compound or a gas. The chromatic changes may be reversible to allow for successive analysis of different analytes using the same polymer. The polymer has the general formula MW[M?X(Z)Y]N wherein M and M? are the same or different metals capable of forming a coordinate complex with the Z moiety; Z is selected from the group consisting of halides, pseudohalides, thiolates, alkoxides and amides; W is between 1-6; X and Y are between 1-9; and N is between 1-5. Optionally, an organic ligand may be bound to M.

Abstract: A nucleotide sequence is provided for expression of a heterologous protein of interest that is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum protein bodies in transgenic plants, plant cells, and seeds. Said nucleotide sequence comprises a promoter, the 5? untranslated region from the maize ?-zein gene, the ?-zein signal peptide sequence, a sequence encoding a heterologous protein of interest, and the 3? untranslated region from the maize ?-zein gene, operatively linked.

Abstract: The compounds of the present invention relate to chain-extended and chain-modified analogues of salacinol, including embodiments where the sulfate moiety has been substituted with a carboxylate or phosphate moiety. In other embodiments the sulfate moiety has been shifted by one carbon atom in the zwitterionic structure. In another embodiment the polyhydroxylated side chain may be replaced with a lipophilic alkyl chain and a suitable counterion. The invention also encompasses methods for synthesizing the salacinol analogues and using the analogues for enzyme inhibition applications.

Abstract: A novel transceiver structure is proposed to increase the achievable data rate for ultra wideband transmitted reference (UWB-TR) systems. For every Ns pulse pairs during one symbol transmission, the data pulses are weighted by one of the M-ary orthogonal sequences, thus carrying additional log2 M-bit information. Furthermore, by utilizing a pair of balanced matched filters before the cross correlator, the minimum separation between the reference and data pulses is significantly reduced without causing any inter-pulse interference (IPI), which in turn reduces the minimum required frame length in order to avoid the inter-frame interference (IFI). As a result, the invented TR system can achieve higher data rates than the conventional TR system, while maintaining superior bit-error-rate (BER) performance even with lower transmit power.

Abstract: A monitoring system for a valuable item, such as a digital device, has a base unit affixed to the valuable and a remote unit carried by a person responsible for the valuable. Signals are exchanged between the base and remote units. The base continuously monitors for signals from the remote unit and can arm or disarm automatically in response to such signals. When armed, the base communicates with a program running on the valuable to lock peripherals. The base alerts the owner upon movement of the valuable, allowing the owner to screen for false alarms or be notified of an occurring theft attempt. A digital connection between the base and the valuable may be used to encrypt any data stored on the valuable and charge the internal batteries of the security device. A soft switch enables the base to be powered off by the corresponding remote unit.

Abstract: The invention generally encompasses a method for forming a pattern on a substrate. The method comprises applying a precursor comprising at least one metal to a substrate to form a precursor layer, exposing a predetermined portion of the precursor layer and developing the predetermined portion of the precursor layer. The developing step removes, or at least substantially removes, the predetermined portion from the substrate, thereby forming a pattern on the substrate that comprises a remaining portion of the precursor. In one embodiment, the precursor layer comprises Ti(PriO)2(EAA)2.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing Salacinol, its stereoisomers, and analogues, homologues and other derivatives thereof potentially useful as glycosidase inhibitors are described. In some embodiments the compounds of the invention may have the general formula (I) or (II): The synthetic schemes may comprise reacting a cyclic sulfate with a 5-membered ring sugar containing a heteroatom (X). The heteroatom preferably comprises sulfur, selenium, or nitrogen. The cyclic sulfate and ring sugar reagents may be readily prepared from carbohydrate precursors, such as D-glucose, L-glucose, D-xylose and L-xylose. The target compounds are prepared by opening of the cyclic sulfates by nucleophilic attack of the heteroatoms on the 5-membered ring sugars. The resulting heterocyclic compounds have a stable, inner salt structure comprising a heteroatom cation and a sulfate anion. The synthetic schemes yield various stereoisomers of the target compounds in moderate to good yields with limited side-reactions.

Abstract: The present invention involves a low-temperature, photoresist-free method of fabricating a barrier layer on a flexible substrate. An embodiment involves the conversion of a precursor into a top-surface imaging layer during a direct patterning step. Preferred precursors are formed from a metal complex comprising at least one ligand selected from the group consisting of acac, carboxylato, alkoxy, azide, carbonyl, nitrato, amine, halide, nitro, and mixtures thereof and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, In, Sn, Ba, La, Pr, Sm, Eu, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Pb, Th, U, Sb, As, Ce, Mg, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a photochromic 1,2-bis-(3-thienyl)-cyclopentene monomer generated a series of novel polymers. All polymers exhibit reversible light-activated interconversion between their colorless-open and their colored-closed forms.

Abstract: This application relates to the production and characterization of a mutant strain of Aspergillus fumigatus. The application also relates to a method for inhibiting siderophore biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus and an assay for identifying drug candidates or other agents having potential inhibitory activity. The method may comprise, for example, the step of inhibiting an enzyme catalyzing siderophore biosynthesis, such as L-ornithine N5-oxygenase. In one embodiment the siderophore is a hydroxamate siderophore, such as N?N?N??-triacetylfusarinine C (TAF) or ferricrocin. A method of preventing or treating fungal infections in a patient is also described comprising administering to the patient an agent suitable for inhibiting fungal secretion of siderophores. The method is particularly useful for immunocompromised patients susceptible to fungal infections caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, such as pulmonary aspergillosis.

Abstract: Procedures for decorrelating the branch signals of a signal adjuster of an amplifier linearizer are presented herein. The decorrelation procedures can be performed with or without self-calibration.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a spherical parallel mechanism are disclosed. The invention involves a platform and at least three kinetic chains. The kinetic chains each comprise a link with one end pivotally coupled to the platform about a first axis and a second end pivotally coupled to an arm about a second axis. The arms in all of the kinetic chains share a common third axis. All of the first, second and third axes for all of the kinetic chains pass through a stationary point in space. Movement of the arms to selected angular positions about the common third axis adjusts an orientation and position of the platform about a spherical surface centered at the stationary point. The parallel mechanism has particular advantages for manipulating implements, such as cameras used in laparoscopic surgery, when the implements are mounted to the mobile platform.

Abstract: A high efficiency, low distortion switching mode power amplifier for telecommunication applications includes an analog to binary digital converter and a class S amplifier terminated by an output filter/matching network capable of operation over one or more frequency bands. The modulator may be connected to the class S amplifier with a fiber optic link. This construction can provide a low-distortion connection to remote antennas. Multiple modulators and amplifiers can be multiplexed over the fiber link to support a multiple sector antenna on a cell site or multiple transmitter elements on a phased array antenna.