Abstract: There is described a family of copolyester compositions for producing heat nd flame resistant fibers, said compositions being prepared by polycondensating (A) an aromatic diacid, (B) a diol, (C) a tetrabrominated diol, (D) a derivative of a polyvalent metal, all said components being hereinbelow defined, the polycondensation process being carried out in several successive stages of copolycondensation of components (A), (B) and (C) until reaching a stable viscosity, then adding component (D), and stopping the reaction before the intrinsic viscosity of the composition decreases below a value proper for subsequent spinning.

Abstract: A thermostable flameproofing agent for copolyesters is prepared by reacting ne mol of a diester of an alkali dicarboxyaryl sulphonate with 1-2 mols of at least one tetrabrominated diol in the presence of a transesterification catalyst chosen in the group consisting of compounds of Zn, Co, Ca, Sn, Ti and Mn. Copolyester compositions adapted for the preparation of formed bodies are prepared by the polycondensation of a dicarboxylic arylic acid or its diesters and a saturated aliphatic diol with said flameproofing agent and up to 1% by weight of a derivative of phosphorus in the presence of a catalyst consisting of Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 or GeO.sub.2. Said compositions preferably have an intrinsic viscosity not less than 0.40 dl/g before their transformation into formed bodies and not less than 0.35 dl/g after said transformation.

Abstract: The specification describes polyesteramide polymeric materials containing uble bonds which are capable of cross-linking with vinyl or allyl monomers and to which the concurrent presence of ester and amide groups imparts particular characteristics. The specification also describes polyesteramide resins obtained by cross-linking the aforesaid polyesteramide materials with at least one vinyl monomer. The specification further describes a method for the production of the aforesaid polyesteramide materials by the polycondensation of compounds at least part of which comprises amino groups, which groups are already engaged in the amide bond and are not reactive with the double bonds. The specification finally describes fabricated objects, fibers, films and filaments obtained from the aforesaid unsaturated polyesteramide materials.

Abstract: Polyamide compositions having a high viscosity in the molten state are prced by preparing a polyamide, adding to the polyamide while the same is in the molten state, an alkylene carbonate in an amount from 0.1 to 2% by weight, and preferably from 0.4 to 0.9% by weight of the polyamide, and extruding the resulting composition. The alkylene carbonate containing polyamide composition may be dried under reduced pressures at temperatures comprised between 110.degree. and 210.degree. C. The preferred polyamide is polyamide-6 (polycapronamide) and the preferred alkylene carbonates are propylene and ethylene carbonates. The resulting compositions can be made into chips suitable for processing by known extrusion and molding techniques.

Abstract: There is described the preparation of a flameproofing compound useful in production of cellulosic fibres having a high resistance to combustion, said preparation comprising treating a phosphonitrile halide with a saturated alcohol, treating the halogen containing alkoxy derivative thus obtained with an unsaturated alcohol, and copolymerizing the alkyl substituted alkoxy derivative product thus obtained with an unsaturated acid, forming an alkaline aqueous solution-suspension adapted to be easily and intimately mixed with alkaline aqueous solutions of cellulose xantogenate to obtain a viscous mass of cospinnable components which are co-coagulable in a cellulose xantogenate coagulating bath. Obtaining essentially homogeneous yarns including the flameproofing compound in their cross-sections.

Abstract: The specification describes a process for preparing saturated omega-aminods from olefinically unsaturated omega-aldehydoacids. According to the invention, the starting aldehydoacid is transformed into the corresponding iminoacid, and this is subjected to the hydrogenation both of the imino function and of the ethylenic double bond or double bonds, in a single stage and in the presence of an hydrogenation catalyst. The catalyst is a transition metal of one of the first two sub-groups of the VIII group of the periodic system, viz. is chosen among Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, and Ir, and is used in the metal state or as a compound.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the preparation of alicyclic anhydrides, useful intermediates in the preparation of alicyclic ketenes which can be converted into lactams. The instant method comprises heat-treating an alicyclic acid in a metallic reactor, free of nickel, under subatmospheric pressure. A catalyst, such as an alkyl ester of selenphosphoric acid, has given good results.

Abstract: An antistatic additive for polyamide compositions and articles is disclos which can be concisely defined as a "polyoxyalkylated aminoacid." This class of compounds is preferably prepared by placing the selected aminoacid in the presence of the selected oxyalkylene, in suspension in a liquid medium. The latter is preferably an organic solvent for the polyoxyalkylene, but is a nonsolvent for the aminoacid as such. The polyoxyalkylation is encouraged by the presence of an alkali metal salt of the aminoacid: the sodium salt is preferred. The compounds so prepared have an unpredictably high degree of emulgability towards the polyamides so that a completely satisfactory dispersion of the novel additives in the polyamides can be achieved. Examples of amino-acids are omega-aminododecanoic, omega-aminoundecanoic, epsilon-aminocapronic, (also known as epsilon-aminocaproic) sulphanilic, para-aminobenzoic, 2-aminoethanesulphonic and aminoacetic acids.Examples of oxyalkylenes are oxyethylene and oxypropylene.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing cellulosic and/or polynosic fibres hag flame-resisting properties, the improvement consisting in the fact that a composite viscose is spun in an acidic bath, said composite viscose being obtained by the association in an aqueous solvent, of cellulose xanthate with a phosphorus and nitrogen compound, dissolved in the same aqueous solvent and capable of being converted, while cellulose is being regenerated in said acidic bath, into a state of substantial insolubility. The phosphorus and nitrogen compound is a compound obtained by reacting a phosphonium derivative with aminoacids and amines and/or ammonia. A preferred compound is tetrakis-hydroxymethylphosphonium chloride. By so doing, an efficient flame-retarding protection is obtained for the fibre without sacrificing the physical properties thereof. Critical quantities, reaction conditions and test results are reported.

Abstract: A process is disclosed in which the heat generated, during neutralization, y ammonium sulfate of a solution of .xi.-caprolactam in sulfuric acid, is used to effect evaporation of water present, and the temperature is kept at about 40.degree.C to 50.degree.C, under subatmospheric pressure, so that substantial hydrolysis of the caprolactam is avoided while a substantial portion of the water present in the neutralization mixture is evaporated at the subatmospheric pressure, and the ammonium sulfate is crystallized substantially free from entrained caprolactam. The caprolactam is then separated from the aqueous phase.