Abstract: The invention provides multi-grade spirally wound paperboard tubes of enhanced flat crush strength construction. The multi-grade spirally wound paperboard tubes of the invention include a plurality of structural paperboard plies having at least two predetermined densities including a lower density and a higher density wherein the higher density is at least about 3% greater than the lower density. The cylindrical bodywall is defined in radial cross section by at least one centrally located paperboard layer disposed between at least one radially inwardly located structural paperboard layer and at least one radially outwardly located structural paperboard layer. The centrally located paperboard layer is formed from the higher density paperboard and the inwardly and outwardly located structural paperboard layers are formed from lower density paperboard.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for testing the chew-out strength of paperboard cores. The apparatus of the invention includes a clamping element for clamping a tubular core to prevent rotation thereof; a splined chuck element in the form of an axially tapered member having a plurality of circumferentially distributed splines for insertion into one end face of the core; and a means for applying increasing torque at a controlled rate to the splined chuck element. A measuring means measures the torque applied to the splined chuck element. In operation, increasing amounts of torque are applied by the torquing means until the splined chuck element shears the end face of the tube resulting in chew-out of the core. The maximum torque force applied to the splined chuck element provides an accurate indication of the chew-out strength of the core.

Abstract: A lightweight concrete forming tube is disclosed, and wherein the tube has a very thin wall of wound paper layers which permit the tube to be collapsed and wound into a reel to facilitate shipment and storage. In use, the desired length is severed from the reel, and the severed length is opened and positioned about a vertically disposed steel reinforcing structure. Concrete is then poured into the opened tube, and the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid concrete causes the tube to assume a circular cross-section and straight vertical configuration. Upon hardening of the concrete, the tube is severed with a knife and removed, leaving a formed concrete column of circular and straight configuration.

Abstract: A T-shirt type plastic bag is adapted for carrying hot foods from fast food restaurants. The bag includes front and rear wall sections, gussetted side wall sections integrally connecting the front and rear wall sections together and means connecting the bottoms of the front, rear and gussetted side wall sections together to define a closed bottom. At least a part of the front and rear wall sections are open at the tops to define a mouth portion. Laterally spaced handles are integral with the front, rear and gussetted side wall sections and extend upwardly from opposed sides of the mouth portion. Apertures extend through at least one of the wall sections for providing a path for a venting air flow from the outside of the bag and through the inside of the bag when the bag is carrying hot food.

Abstract: An easy-opening closure for hermetic sealing of the open end of a packaging container includes an end member for being double-seamed to the open end of the container and having an interior ledge portion defining a large central opening and a composite lidding member of at least two polymer layers defining a predetermined peel strength at an interfacial plane for controlled delamination of the two layers. The composite lidding member covers the central opening and is bonded to the ledge portion to define a bond strength greater than the peel strength of the two polymer layers. The lidding member has a continuous ring-shaped notch cut into the bottom polymer layer adjacent the ledge portion and a discontinuous ring-shaped notch cut into the top polymer layer and spaced inwardly from the first notch to define a small unnotched portion between its ends and to define with the first notch a ring member therebetween which is connected at the unnotched portion to the central portion of the lidding member.

Abstract: A container, suitable for receiving and shipping various products, includes a hollow body member and a removable cover positioned on an open upper end of the body member and has a tamper-evident seal device connecting the body member and the cover to evidence any premature removal of the cover. The seal device includes two sets of superimposed apertures extending through the body member and the cover, a closed sealing wire or member extending through the sets of apertures and around respective inside and outside portions of the body member and cover between the sets of apertures and being sealed to form a closed loop. A patch member is secured to the inside surface of the body member and covers the apertures to prevent contaminants from entering the container through the apertures and to strengthen the area of the body member having the apertures.

Abstract: A tubular core assembly for winding or unwinding sheet material, such as newsprint or Rotogravure Print, wherein the opposed ends of an elongate cylindrical core are provided with inside diameter-reducing annular core insert members. The inside diameter-reducing annular core insert members are secured by a mechanical interlocking member to a central core body formed by multiple wraps of a paperboard material. The mechanical interlocking member includes at least one radially interlocking member secured to and extending radially at least partially through the central core member and the annular core insert member. Because of the mechanical interlocking relationship between the inside diameter-reducing annular core insert members and the central core body member, the inside diameter-reducing annular core insert members are secured to the central core body member in positive locking relationship.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for experimentally determining the compressive material strength of tubular products includes a housing having a cylindrical cavity therein, top and bottom end caps closing opposite ends of the cavity, tubular bladder means mounted in the cavity and defining a pressure chamber larger than the tubular products to be tested and a fluid receiving space between the bladder means and the wall of the cavity, a plurality of small balls substantially filling the pressure chamber around the tubular product being tested, means for pumping hydraulic fluid into the fluid receiving space to cause the bladder means to apply pressure uniformly to said small balls and thence uniformly over the external curved surface of the tubular product. Means are included to continuously monitor and display the magnitude of the pressure applied to the tubular specimen, and to detect and signal tube failure. Tubular specimens can be instrumented to monitor additional testing characteristics.

Abstract: The invention provides self-opening polyethylene film bag stacks which do not require a separate adhesive layer between adjacent bags. The self-opening bag stack according to the invention preferably include a plurality of stacked t-shirt type high density polyethylene film bags releasably adhered together. At least an upper portion of the outer surface of the front and rear walls of each of the bags in the bag stack has been corona treated and at least one localized compressed area extends transversely through the bag stack in the upper portion of the bags such that the stack has a decreased thickness in the localized compressed area and so that adjacent outer wall corona treated surfaces defined by the localized compressed area are releasably adhered together.

Abstract: A system for film mulch disposal including a field-traveling compaction chamber adapted to gravity receive manually pregathered bundles of film loaded on a hopper-feeding conveyor. A reciprocating ram compacts the pregathered bundles within the compaction chamber and is manually controlled by an operator positioned for direct visual inspection of the apparatus.

Abstract: The invention provides textile cores having improved start-up grooves. In a preferred embodiment the start-up groove has a generally V shaped cross-section and at least one longitudinal portion of the groove, preferably the trailing portion of the groove, has at least one compound angle sidewall defined in longitudinal cross-section by a plurality of alternating, substantially rectangular tongue and notch sections extending along the sidewall. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, improved grooving blades for textile cores are formed using an electric discharge machining (EDM) process.

Abstract: A lightweight concrete forming tube is disclosed, and wherein the tube has a very thin wall of wound paper layers which permit the tube to be collapsed and wound into a reel to facilitate shipment and storage. In use, the desired length is severed from the reel, and the severed length is opened and positioned about a vertically disposed steel reinforcing structure. Concrete is then poured into the opened tube, and the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid concrete causes the tube to assume a circular cross-section and straight vertical configuration. Upon hardening of the concrete, the tube is severed with a knife and removed, leaving a formed concrete column of circular and straight configuration.

Abstract: A caulk cartridge including an end closure having a centrally extending mounting stub with a reciprocating valve positioned therein. A nozzle is thread mounted to the stub with inward threading of the nozzle engaging and inwardly shifting the valve to an open position for discharge therethrough. Outward retraction of the nozzle releases the valve for a reseating of the valve.

Abstract: The invention provides spirally wound easy-open containers which comprise a spirally wound body wall having overlapped edges and which have capabilities and benefits associated with conventional butt jointed containers. The overlapped edges of the body wall define an easy-open seam extending helically between the ends of the container. A temporary adhesive between the overlapped edges of the body wall releasably adheres the overlapped edges of the body wall together and allows for opening of the container along the helical, easy-open seam. The easy-open containers provided according to the invention can be readily manufactured with only slight modifications to the conventional manufacturing process. Nevertheless, the easy-open containers of the invention can provide for material savings in container label construction and can allow for vacuum packaging of food products such as dough.

Abstract: The invention provides textile cores having improved start-up grooves. The start-up groove has a generally V shaped cross-section and at least one longitudinal portion of the groove, preferably the leading portion of the groove, has at least one compound angle sidewall which has a roughened surface for gripping an incoming yarn line. In addition, the invention provides an improved grooving blade having at least a longitudinal portion of its cutting surface which includes at least one compound angle sidewall with a surface roughness of between about 18 and about 45 measured on the VDI scale. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, improved grooving blades for textile cores are formed using an electric discharge machining process.

Abstract: A dispensing container for containing a roll of sheet material and dispensing sheets from the roll is disclosed. The dispensing container includes a container body with integrally formed front, rear, bottom and side walls and an open top. A top cover is flexibly connected to the rear wall of the container body and is movable between an open and a substantially closed position. The cover is biased in a substantially closed position adjacent the top of the container body for maintaining the roll of sheet material in the container body. Serrations are integrally formed in the container body for cutting sheet material dispensed from the container.

Abstract: A dispensing apparatus for serially dispensing flexible plastic bags from a wound package of bags which are joined along perforated severance lines, including a panel, and at least one elongate dispensing slot extending through the panel. The slot includes relatively narrow and linearly aligned outer edge portions, and a laterally extending tongue positioned between the outer edge portions. Also, an opening is located on one side of the tongue. In use, the opening is used to facilitate thread-up of the initial bag through the slot, and the two outer edge portions serve to engage and hold the bag in the slot. During withdrawal, the tongue engages the central portion of the bag, and when the tongue engages the next perforated severance line, or the bottom of the cut out in the case of T-shirt bags, a significant resistance is imparted which causes the severance line to rupture, with the next bag positioned in the slot and ready to be engaged and withdrawn.

Abstract: A system for reducing a paperboard drum to recyclable components including a cutter assembly receiving and rotating the chime end of a drum and severing the sidewall from the chime. A pair of pivot arms subsequently engage the drum header and sidewall and effect a general axial shifting thereof for partial disengagement of the released chime for subsequent manual removal of the chime and header. The resultant drum sidewall is guided, for movement on a helical path, into a chopper assembly which cuts the sidewall into a continuous helical strip which is immediately chopped into short lengths for disposal.

Abstract: A corrosion resistent protective plastic overlay is intimately engaged with the chime of a fibre drum and extends from an inner edge portion thermally bonded to the drum lining over the head and into the exterior chime groove. The overlay is fusion bonded to the chime throughout the full extent of the surface-to-surface engagement therebetween.

Abstract: A dispensing nozzle comprising a plate overlying a bore defined through a countertop for the passage of bags therethrough from a subjacent storage position. The plate defines an elongate zig-zag slot for the restrictive movement of bags therethrough upon a manual pulling of a leading bag. Each manually pulled leading bag is automatically severed from a following bag secured thereto along a line of severance by slot-developed resistance. Introduction of the forwardmost bag of a bag package is facilitated by an enlarged opening laterally of one side of the slot and communicated with the slot through a relatively narrower neck portion. The nozzle may include a tubular sleeve receivable in the countertop bore, with the plate secured to or integrally formed with the sleeve across one end thereof.