Abstract: A method of producing a pulsatile jet flow from a substantially constant flow primary jet in a way that is mechanically efficient, easy to implement, and allows direct control over pulse duration and pulsing frequency is disclosed herein. The invention includes at least two components: (a) a constant flow fluid jet produced by any normal method (e.g., propeller) that can be directionally vectored fluidically, mechanically, or electromagnetically and (b) a nozzle with multiple outlets (orifices) through which the vectored jet may be directed. By alternately vectoring the jet through different outlets, a transient (pulsatile) flow at an outlet is obtained even with a substantially constant primary jet flow. Additionally, the nozzle outlets may be oriented in different directions to provide thrust vectoring, making the invention useful for maneuvering, directional control, etc.

Abstract: A microstrip antenna has a single dielectric layer with a conductive ground plane disposed on one side, and an array of spaced apart radiating patches disposed on the other side of the dielectric layer. The radiating patches are interconnected with a feed terminal via stripline elements. Responsive to electromagnetic energy, a high-order standing wave is induced in the antenna and a directed beam is transmitted from and/or received into the antenna. A dual-mode embodiment is configured such that standing wave nodes occur at the intersection of orthogonally situated striplines to minimize cross-polarization levels of the signals and the cross-talk between the two modes of operation.

Abstract: The present invention describes a speech enhancement method using microphone arrays and a new iterative technique for enhancing noisy speech signals under low signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) environments. A first embodiment involves the processing of the observed noisy speech both in the spatial- and the temporal-domains to enhance the desired signal component speech and an iterative technique to compute the generalized eigenvectors of the multichannel data derived from the microphone array. The entire processing is done on the spatio-temporal correlation coefficient sequence of the observed data in order to avoid large matrix-vector multiplications. A further embodiment relates to a speech enhancement system that is composed of two stages. In the first stage, the noise component of the observed signal is whitened, and in the second stage a spatio-temporal power method is used to extract the most dominant speech component.

Abstract: The present invention include providing a therapeutically effective amount of a 3-substituted indolin-2-one compositions to protect against neurodegeneration including diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, or Huntington's disease, and conditions such as ischemic stroke

Abstract: A photonic coupler including a substrate, first and second waveguides disposed along a longitudinal direction of the substrate for propagation of respective first and second optical signals along the longitudinal direction, and a coupling region between the first and second waveguides and including a medium of a refractive index different from the first and second waveguides. The coupling region has a width extending from the first waveguide to the second waveguide and a breadth extending laterally to form an angle to the longitudinal direction for frustrated total internal reflection of the first optical signal at an interface between the coupling region and the first waveguide.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula (I): wherein: R1-R4 and A have any of the values defined in the specification, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, are useful for inhibiting ?-lactamase enzymes, for enhancing the activity of ?-lactam antibiotics, and for treating ?-lactam resistant bacterial infections in a mammal. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing compounds of formula (I), and intermediates useful for the synthesis of compounds of formula (I).

Abstract: An apparatus and method to determine fractions of various phases in a multiphase fluid. The apparatus includes main body including an interior configured receive a multiphase fluid and an exterior. The apparatus senses fluid pressure of multiphase fluid received in the interior and senses a fluid temperature of the multiphase fluid. The apparatus transmits an ultrasonic wave into the fluid and detects the transmitted wave to determine its velocity and attenuation. The apparatus may adjust the determined velocity and attenuation based on the temperature and pressure of the fluid to compensate for a difference between the sensed temperature and pressure and a standard temperature and pressure. The apparatus determines a gas fraction, water fraction, and a non-water fluid fraction of the multiphase fluid based on the sensed fluid pressure, the sensed fluid temperature, and the velocity and attenuation of the ultrasonic wave in the multiphase fluid.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system for sharing a static random-access memory (SRAM) table between two or more lookup tables (LUTs) that are equivalent to each other includes at least two basic logic elements (BLEs) each associated with a truth table representing a particular function provided by the BLE. The particular functions provided by the BLEs including equivalency to each other. Each BLE includes an LUT including the truth table associated with the BLE. The LUTs of the BLEs share an SRAM table with each other to obviate the LUTs of the BLEs including SRAM tables separate from each other.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus which reduces the number of phase shifters required in an antenna array. This is accomplished by supplying standing waves from the phase shifters to each of the radiating elements in a column or row. The standing waves in the rows are orthogonal to the standing waves in the columns. Each of the radiating elements combines the applied standing waves, the phases of which determine the angle of the resultant beam.

Abstract: A wireless communication device includes an antenna configured with two conductive elements separated by an insulating medium. One conductive element is a ground plane and the other is a microstrip line. The ground plane is formed with a bend proximate an end. The microstrip line and the ground plane exhibit a characteristic impedance that may vary along the length of the microstrip line. The separation distance of the microstrip line from the ground plane is changed to reduce the resonant frequency of the microstrip line. A second microstrip line with an open end and another end shorted to the ground plane is operative to prevent RF current from flowing on the backside of the ground plane. A backside of the ground plane and the second microstrip line may be covered with a lossy magnetic medium to reduce the near field above the backside of the ground plane.

Abstract: A circuit and methodology for higher radix multiplication with improved partial product generation. The invention relates to the design of a high precision multiplier for an arithmetic unit of a digital processor.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and n have any of the values defined in the specification, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, are useful for inhibiting ?-lactamase enzymes, for enhancing the activity of ?-lactam antibiotics, and for treating ?-lactam resistant bacterial infections in a mammal. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing compounds of formula I, and novel intermediates useful for the synthesis of compounds of formula I.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for blind Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) coding is disclosed, wherein KLT coefficients and possibly additional information are transmitted without transmitting KLT basis vectors. Instead the KLT basis vectors are estimated at both the transmitter and the receiver. In particular, the KLT transform coefficients are calculated based on an original signal frame, quantized, encoded, and transmitted. The transmitted KLT coefficients are received, decoded, and transformed into a reconstructed original signal frame by the receiver. Exemplary embodiments include a KLT coder in which a search direction vector is initially set to an arbitrary vector, such as a white noise vector, a KLT coder which selects a search direction vector from a set of search direction vectors in a codebook and a KLT coder for an original signal frame with an unknown signal subspace dimension.

Abstract: A wireless communication device includes an antenna configured with two conductive elements separated by an insulating medium providing a separation distance. One conductive element is a ground plane and the other is a microstrip line. The microstrip line and the ground plane exhibit a characteristic impedance that may vary along the length of the microstrip line. The separation distance of the microstrip line from the ground plane is changed to reduce the resonant frequency of the microstrip line. A second microstrip line with an open end and another end shorted to the ground plane is operative to prevent RF current from flowing on the backside of the ground plane. A backside of the ground plane and the second microstrip line may be covered with a lossy magnetic medium to reduce the near field in the space above the backside of the ground plane.

Abstract: A powder delivery system for a laser-based additive manufacturing process includes a hopper adapted to contain a powder and continuously feed the powder through an output of the hopper, a rotatable disk having a top surface that is substantially flat, the top surface adapted to receive the powder continuously fed through the output of the hopper, the top surface being disposed below the output of the hopper by a prescribed gap, and a vacuum powder removal device operable to remove the powder from the top surface via a vacuum.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the invention, a system for fabricating a part includes a computer operable to control the fabrication of a three-dimensional part using a solid CAD model, a deposition station operable to deposit successive two-dimensional layers of material to fabricate the three-dimensional part, and a machining station operable to remove at least a portion of one or more of the deposited two-dimensional layers of material. The deposition station includes a substrate on which to fabricate the three-dimensional part, a welding-based deposition system having a welding torch, a laser-based deposition system having a laser head, a plasma powder cladding system having a plasma torch, and a multi-axis robot operable to, when directed by the computer, utilize one of the welding-based deposition system, laser-based deposition system, and plasma powder cladding system to deposit any of the two-dimensional layers of material.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the invention, a method for controlling the size of the molten pool in a laser based additive manufacturing process includes coaxially aligning an imaging device with a laser nozzle and imaging a molten pool, created by a laser, on a substrate with the imaging device. The method further includes comparing at least one characteristic of the molten pool with a respective characteristic of a target molten pool, and adjusting, in substantially real-time, a laser power of the laser based on the comparison in order to correlate the characteristic of the molten pool with the respective characteristic of the target molten pool.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus which reduces the number of phase shifters required in an antenna array. This is accomplished by supplying standing waves from the phase shifters to each of the radiating elements in a column or row. The standing waves in the rows are orthogonal to the standing waves in the columns. Each of the radiating elements combines the applied standing waves, the phases of which determine the angle of the resultant beam.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the invention, a method for controlling operational weld parameters of a welding-based deposition process includes generating a solid model representing a three-dimensional part on a computer, electronically slicing the solid model into a plurality of electronic two-dimensional layers, identifying a path of material deposition based on the electronic two-dimensional layers, the path comprising a plurality of deposition points, and determining a geometrical factor for each deposition point. The geometrical factor is defined by a ratio of an actual volume of material around each deposition point to a theoretical volume of material around each deposition point. The method further includes automatically adjusting, during material deposition for a respective deposition point, one or more parameters of the welding-based deposition process based on the geometrical factor for the respective deposition point.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to reduce the size of a microstrip antenna without sacrificing antenna efficiency too much are described. The antenna structure includes discontinuity of strip width in the middle of the antenna patch to reduce the size of the antenna at a given resonant frequency. The antenna structure further includes a plurality of patches of differing widths connected to each other at junctions. The junctions are placed symmetrically to ensure maximum radiation at the boresight and also to further reduce cross-polarization levels. A coaxial feed is connected at a predetermined location near the center of a patch, having a narrower width, in order to match the input impedance of the antenna to the coaxial feed.