Abstract: A method of producing monochloroacetic acid (MCAA) has been disclosed encompassing (a) a stage of the direct chlorination of acetic acid with chlorine and (b) a stage of recovery of the catalyst in the form of acid chlorides from the reaction mixture before (c) a hydrodehalogenation stage characterized by the fact that the chlorination process (a) is conducted at the boiling temperature of the mixture under a pressure of 0-1.
Abstract: A protective plug characterised because includes a monolithic profile body (1) made of dyed-through polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), height H1=10-220 mm, with the lower cylindrical part (2), diameter Ø1=5-100 mm, height H2=1-90 mm, and a part, connected through its upper end, of a spherical layer profile (4), radius R1=5-100 mm, whose upper surface, diameter Ø2=10-110 mm, turns into a shoulder of a low cylinder (5) profile, height H3=0.5-50 mm. The upper round end of the cylindrical part (2) of this plug is connected with the part of the reversed truncated taper (7) profile of analogous diameters Ø1 and Ø2 and the angle of flare a=from 2° to 179.9°, whose upper surface of diameter Ø2 also turns into an analogous low cylinder (5) profile.
Abstract: A method for determining agglutination of a biological liquid by measuring a change in hydrodynamic resistance of the biological liquid flowing through a microfluidic channel of a microfluidic device, comprising the steps of: a) calibrating the microfluidic device; b) filling the microfluidic reaction channel with a hydrophobic continuous liquid phase, c) introducing a first reference droplet; d) causing the first reference droplet to flow; e) measuring the time of flow of the first reference droplet; f) introducing a second reference droplet followed by a sequence of test droplet(s); g) causing the second reference droplet and the sequence of test droplet(s) to flow; h) measuring the time of flow; i) calculating the hydrodynamic resistance of the sequence of the test droplet(s); and j) determining agglutination of the biological liquid by comparing the hydrodynamic resistance with the calibrated values.