Abstract: An adaptive lighting apparatus includes a light source, a spatial light modulator, and processing circuitry. Further, the processing circuitry is configured to drive the spatial light modulator by a modulation signal for irradiating patterns for generating one or more localized illuminations, scan the one or more localized illuminations on the target object based on the patterns, and calculate, in advance, the patterns so that light intensity of the one or more localized illuminations is enhanced on a virtual target located at a predetermined distance and without a scattering medium.

Abstract: A control device for vehicle headlamps configured to control illumination with light using headlamps of a vehicle, the control device for vehicle headlamps includes a determination part configured to determine whether the vehicle will collide with an object detected by an object detection part configured to detect an object, and an illumination controller configured to illuminate a region corresponding to the object that has been determined to collide with the vehicle by the determination part with a marking light and configured to illuminate a region around the region corresponding to the object with a background light in which a light intensity level thereof is decreased when a light intensity level of the marking light is increased, by using the headlamps.

Abstract: A light deflector 130 includes: a control unit 106 configured to generate a resonant drive signal for resonantly driving an MEMS mirror 133, and a non-resonant drive signal for non-resonantly driving the MEMS mirror 133; a resonant sensor 144 configured to detect the resonant drive of the MEMS mirror 133 and generate a resonant sensor signal; and a sensor signal processing unit 103 configured to acquire a phase difference between the resonant drive signal generated by the control unit 106 and the resonant sensor signal, in a case where the MEMS mirror 133 is resonantly driven in a Y-axis direction, also the MEMS mirror 133 is non-resonantly driven in an X-axis direction, and scanning is performed. The control unit 106 calculates an amplitude of the non-resonant drive of the MEMS mirror 133 on the basis of a change in the above phase difference.

Abstract: An illumination device includes a light source configured to generate primary light having a Gaussian intensity distribution, an intensity-distribution converting member configured to convert the primary light to generate secondary light having a top-hat type intensity distribution, a wavelength converter configured to receive the secondary light from a light-receiving surface, generate tertiary light including the secondary light and wavelength-converted light in which a wavelength of the secondary light has been converted, and emit the tertiary light from an emission surface, and an antenna array having a plurality of optical antennas formed on the emission surface of the wavelength converter and arranged at a period larger than an optical wavelength of the secondary light in the wavelength converter.

Abstract: A quantum dot includes a nano-seed particle having a particular crystal plane exposed, and a first epitaxial layer formed on the particular crystal plane of the nano-seed particle.

Abstract: A collimator lens in use for a vehicle lighting apparatus includes: an incident surface which allows incident light to become primary light that passes through an inside of the collimator lens; and an emission surface that is configured to emit secondary light parallel to an optical axis of the collimator lens, wherein a diffusion angle of a horizontal component of the primary light is larger than a diffusion angle of a component in a vertical direction of the primary light.

Abstract: Regarding a light guide lens, in cross section in a direction perpendicular to widthwise direction and a direction parallel to optical axis of the light emitted from the light source, a first reflecting section has a first reflecting surface of which inclined angle with respect to the optical axis of light emitted from a light source gradually reduces from a central section in the widthwise direction toward both end portions, and in cross section in a direction parallel to the widthwise direction and a direction parallel to the optical axis of the light emitted from the light source, a second reflecting section has second reflecting surfaces which are inclined in opposite directions with each other toward one side and other side in the widthwise direction with respect to the optical axis of the light emitted from the light source and in which a plurality of reflecting cuts are periodically arranged.

Abstract: A first light guide lens includes a first entering section and a first emitting section located on opposite side to the first entering section, the first emitting section has a shape inclined or curved so that an outer side thereof retreats further than an inner side thereof, a plurality of light emitting elements include a first light emitting element disposed at a position overlapping the first entering section at the inner side when seen in a front view, and a second light emitting element disposed at a position that does not overlap the first entering section at the outer side when seen in the front view, and a light guide section that guides light emitted from the second light emitting element to a position corresponding to the outer side of the first entering section is provided between the second light emitting element and the first entering section.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a GaN-based surface-emitting laser by an MOVPE includes: (a) growing a first cladding layer with a {0001} growth plane; (b) growing a guide layer on the first cladding layer; (c) forming holes in a surface of the guide layer by etching, the holes being two-dimensionally periodically arranged within a plane parallel to the guide layer; (d) etching the guide layer by using an etchant having selectivity to the {0001} plane and a {10-10} plane of the guide layer; (e) supplying a gas containing a nitrogen source to cause mass transport without supplying a group-III material gas, and then supplying the group-III material gas for growth, whereby a first embedding layer closing openings of the holes is formed to form a photonic crystal layer; and (f) growing an active layer and a second cladding layer in this order on the first embedding layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a GaN-based surface-emitting laser by an MOVPE includes: (a) growing a first cladding layer with a {0001} growth plane; (b) growing a guide layer on the first cladding layer; (c) forming holes which are two-dimensionally periodically arranged within the guide layer; (d) etching the guide layer by ICP-RIE using a chlorine-based gas and an argon; (e) supplying a gas containing a nitrogen to cause mass-transport, and then supplying the group-III gas for growth, whereby a first embedding layer closing openings of the holes is formed to form a photonic crystal layer; and (f) growing an active layer and a second cladding layer on the first embedding layer, The step (d) includes a step of referring to already-obtained data on a relationship of an attraction voltage and a ratio of gases in the ICP-RIE with a diameter distribution of air holes embedded, and applying the attraction voltage and the ratio to the ICP-RIE.

Abstract: A vehicular lamp is capable of projecting light in a forward direction and light in a direction different of the projection lens from the forward direction. The vehicular lamp includes: a light source (3) that emits light forward, and a projection lens (4) that projects light emitted from the light source (3) forward. The projection lens (4) includes a first lens surface (4a) located on a side facing the light source (3), and receiving light emitted from the light source (3), a second lens surface (4b) located on a side opposite to the first lens surface (4a) to output received light forward, and an output portion (14) located on an outer peripheral side surface between the first lens surface (4a) and the second lens surface (4b) and configured to output a part of light (L?) having been incident on and entered through the first lens surface (4a) in a direction different from the forward direction.

Abstract: A vehicular lamp unit includes: a substrate on which a light source is mounted; a reflector including a substrate fixing portion and a reflector main body; and a screw. The substrate includes a first through hole, into which the screw is inserted; the substrate fixing portion includes a boss portion into which the screw is screwed; the reflector main body includes a base end portion fixed to the substrate fixing portion and a reflective surface to reflect light from the light source; the substrate is fixed to the substrate fixing portion in a state in which the substrate is held between the screw and the substrate fixing portion by screwing the screw, inserted into the first through hole, into the boss portion; and the substrate fixing portion includes at least one second through hole formed between the base end portion of the reflector main body and the boss portion.

Abstract: An optical semiconductor element comprises: an AlN substrate; an n-type semiconductor layer composed of an AlGaN layer, the AlGaN layer being grown on the AlN substrate and being pseudomorphic with the AlN substrate, an Al composition or the AlGaN layer being reduced with an increase in distance from the AlN substrate; an active layer which is grown on the n-type semiconductor layer; and a p-type semiconductor layer which is grown on the active layer.

Abstract: A lens body includes a first lens portion and a second lens portion and is configured such that light from a light source exits through a first exit surface of the first lens portion after being partially blocked by a shade of the first lens portion, further exits through a second exit surface of the second lens portion, thereby forming a predetermined light distribution pattern by the shade, wherein the first exit surface is a surface for condensing the light from the light source that exits through the first exit surface with respect to a first direction and is configured as a semicircular cylinder surface, and the second exit surface is a surface for condensing the light from the light source that exits through the second exit surface with respect to a second direction orthogonal to the first direction and is also configured as a semicircular cylinder surface.

Abstract: To reliably perform light irradiation in a vehicular lamp system using a liquid crystal element even in a cryogenic environment. A control device for a vehicular lamp comprising a light source and a liquid crystal element where the liquid crystal element is set to a light-shielded state and the light source is set to a light-on state to heat the liquid crystal element by the light emitted from the light source when the temperature of the liquid crystal element is estimated to be lower than a predetermined value.

Abstract: To reduce the time until the start of the lighting while suppressing the overshoot of the current. A method to carry out lighting control of a semiconductor light emitting element using a lighting control device where the lighting control device includes a switching element serially connected to the semiconductor light emitting element and having a control terminal to control a conductive state, and a control circuit to control the control terminal. The method including: increasing a control voltage of the control terminal of the switching element from an initial value to a first value in a relatively short time by the control circuit; and increasing the control voltage of the control terminal of the switching element from the first value to a second value in a relatively long time by the control circuit.

Abstract: An electro-chemical device having a cell thickness of 1 ?m-1000 ?m, comprising a first and a second substrate disposed to face each other, and having electrodes on facing surfaces, transparent electrolyte solution sandwiched between the first and the second substrates, containing electro-deposition material containing Ag, mediator, supporting electrolyte, and solvent, and having optical density not larger than 0.1 in visible light range of wavelength 400 nm-800 nm.

Abstract: A quantum dot manufacturing method comprises (a) dispersing, in a solvent, nano-seed particles whose crystal planes are exposed, and (b) growing semiconductor layers on the exposed crystal planes of the nano-seed particles in the solvent.

Abstract: To achieve both reduction of a sense of discomfort to a driver due to a reflective object and improvement in visibility of a pedestrian or the like. A control apparatus for controlling light irradiated by a headlight of a vehicle, where the control apparatus causes the headlight to forma first irradiation light and a second irradiation light that overlaps a certain range on the lower end side in the vertical direction of the first irradiation light and overlaps the entire range in the width direction of the first irradiation light, and causes to dim at least a part of the entire range of the first irradiation light corresponding to the position of a reflective object when the reflective object fixed on the road ahead of the vehicle is present.

Abstract: Included is a semiconductor multilayer film in which a non-doped InAlN layer and a GaN layer formed on said InAlN layer and containing a dopant are stacked a plurality of times.