Abstract: A method of treating neuropathy in a subject, the method comprising identifying a subject who has neuropathy; and administering to the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising one of inorganic nitrite and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Optical data is obtained from a pair of breasts, employing a simultaneous bilateral referencing protocol, and is subsequently analyzed employing a self-referencing data analysis method. Optical measurements can be performed on both breasts simultaneously under various protocols, including resting-state measures and evoked responses. Sensing hardware and data collection protocols are economical and can be implemented without patient discomfort. The natural variance inherently associated with optical measures of the breast is reduced by: imposition of substantially symmetric boundary conditions; collection of simultaneous bilateral dynamic measures; referencing measurement data of one breast to measurement data from another.

Abstract: For an error resilient pipeline, a Dynamically Adaptable Resilient Pipeline (DARP) controller determines a minimum error pipeline stage of a processor instruction pipeline with a minimum number of errors. In addition, the DARP controller determines a maximum error pipeline stage of the instruction pipeline with a maximum number of errors. The DARP controller increases a clock frequency for the instruction pipeline if the minimum number of errors of the minimum error pipeline stage is zero and the maximum number of errors of the maximum error pipeline stage does not exceed an error threshold. In addition, the DARP controller decreases the clock frequency if the minimum number of errors exceeds an error constant.

Abstract: A method of treating rare earth metal-bearing permanent magnet scrap, waste or other material in a manner to recover the heavy rare earth metal content separately from the light rare earth metal content. The heavy rare earth metal content can be recovered either as a heavy rare earth metal-enriched iron based alloy or as a heavy rare earth metal based alloy.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention include substituted riluzole prodrugs useful for the treatment of cancers including melanoma, breast cancer, brain cancer, and prostate cancer through the release of riluzole. Prodrugs of riluzole have enhanced stability to hepatic metabolism and are delivered into systemic circulation by oral administration, and then cleaved to release riluzole in the plasma via either an enzymatic or general biophysical release process.

Abstract: An electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC) energy storage device is provided that includes at least two electrodes and a redox-enhanced electrolyte including two redox couples such that there is a different one of the redox couples for each of the electrodes. When charged, the charge is stored in Faradaic reactions with the at least two redox couples in the electrolyte and in a double-layer capacitance of a porous carbon material that comprises at least one of the electrodes, and a self-discharge of the energy storage device is mitigated by at least one of electrostatic attraction, adsorption, physisorption, and chemisorption of a redox couple onto the porous carbon material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for producing nanocrystalline cellulose and oxidized nanocrystalline cellulose from biomass. Also disclosed are methods for forming materials, and the materials formed from a fibrin matrix that incorporates the nanocrystalline cellulose and/or the oxidized nanocrystalline cellulose.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for load-balancing of a three-phase electric power distribution system having a multi-phase feeder, including obtaining topology information of the feeder identifying supply points for customer loads and feeder sections between the supply points, obtaining customer information that includes peak customer load at each of the points between each of the feeder sections, performing a phase balancing analysis, and recommending phase assignment at the customer load supply points.

Abstract: Methods are provided for modulating the activity of multimeric ubiquitin-protein E3 ligases including, but not limited to, E6AP ligase activities. The methods reduce the level of oligomer formation such as homotrimeric E6AP ligase to reduce the enzyme activity. Alternatively, agents are provided that can promote the association of the ligase monomers, thereby increasing the ligase activity. Accordingly, novel therapeutic strategies are provided that are useful for the treatment of pathologies resulting from mutations in the genes encoding the ligases and which adversely increase or decrease a ubiquitination reaction.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a spiral shaped element and embedded wavy materials are disclosed for use in a shock mitigating material to dissipate the energy associated with the impact of an object. The shock mitigating material can be used in helmets, bumpers, bullet proof vests, military armor, and other applications. One embodiment, among others, is a shock mitigating material having a plurality of spiral shaped elements, each having a circular cross section, and each being tapered from a large outside end to a small inside end but also having an embedded wavy material that can induce shear waves to mitigate the shock pressure and impulse.

Abstract: A method and system for treating cardiac arrhythmias which includes inserting one or more electrodes into a patient's neck, and connecting the electrodes to the vagus nerve in the patient's neck. A cardiac monitoring device detects a cardiac arrhythmia. A controller connected to an electrical power source provides electrical power to the electrodes to apply electrical stimulation to the vagus nerve when a cardiac arrhythmia is detected.

Abstract: Articles are provided for absorbing fluids. In embodiments, the articles of the present disclosure are modified to make them hydrophobic, thereby decreasing their affinity for water and similar liquids, while increasing their affinity for other hydrophobic materials, including oil. After use, the articles, in embodiments sponges, may have their absorbed materials removed therefrom, and the articles may then be re-used to absorb additional materials.

Abstract: Disclosure is provided for 1,4,5-substituted amino imidazole compounds useful to control microbial growth, compositions including these compounds, devices including these compounds, and methods of using the same.

Abstract: Methods and systems for prediction of fill factor in heterojunction solar cells through lifetime spectroscopy are provided. In accordance with some embodiments, methods for categorizing fill factor in a solar cell are provided, the methods comprising: determining lifetime values of the solar cell at different minority carrier concentrations; determining a lifetime curve shape for the solar cell based on the determined lifetime values; and categorizing the fill factor of the solar cell based on the determined lifetime curve shape using a hardware processor.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising leukotoxin for the treatment of lung inflammation.

Abstract: A detector for detecting a single x-ray photon with high temporal resolution and high efficiency includes a semiconductor substrate, the semiconductor substrate including element(s) from each of Groups III and V of the Periodic Table of Elements, and pixels on the substrate. Each pixel includes a semiconductor transistor including an epitaxial layer having element(s) from each of Groups III and V of the Periodic Table of Elements, an anode electrically connected to a gate of the semiconductor transistor, and a cathode electrically connected to a drain of the semiconductor transistor. Photon(s) are caused to impinge the single-photon detector along a y-direction (long side of pixel) to provide adequate stopping power, and electron-hole pairs generated by the photon(s) are collected along an x-direction or z-direction (short sides of pixel) to provide short transit time. Detectors form an array of pixels for x-ray imaging with temporal resolution of single photons.

Abstract: The invention provides an antibacterial compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, as well as an antibacterial compound of formula (II) or a salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, X, Y and n have any of the values defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present application provides a system or kit for printing tempered chocolate. The system includes a first heated vessel for maintaining chocolate therein untempered, and a second heated vessel in fluid communication with the first heated vessel for maintaining chocolate therein within the range of about 84 degrees Fahrenheit and about 92 degrees Fahrenheit and tempered with about 0.5% to about 3% type V crystals. The system further includes a syringe pump configured to pump tempered chocolate and a nozzle. The system further includes a three-way valve for selectively coupling the syringe pump and the second vessel, or the nozzle and the syringe pump, in fluid communication to direct the tempered chocolate from the second vessel through the nozzle. The system further includes a control system for controlling the system such that the chocolate flowing from the nozzle includes greater than about 3% type V crystals.

Abstract: A thermoelectric device (20) and a method for manufacturing and using the same are disclosed. The thermoelectric device (20) includes a hot shoe (24) and a cold shoe (28) disposed about the hot shoe. A heat conducting member (32) formed of a thermoelectric material extends between the hot shoe (24) and the cold shoe (28) and generates electricity in response to a temperature difference therebetween. The hot shoe (24) is heated and expands at a greater rate than the cold shoe (28) does during operation. The structural and spatial relationship of the hot shoe (24) and the cold shoe (28) maintains the thermoelectric material of the heat conducting member (32) in compression during operation of the thermoelectric device (20).

Abstract: A system for Time-of-Flight tomography includes an x-ray source capable of producing pulsed x-rays with a pulse duration of about 100 ps or faster, a single-photon detector configured to detect individual photons backscattered from an object when present and illuminated by the x-ray source, the single-photon detector producing a two-dimensional image, and a processor for determining a Time-of-Flight of an individual photon from the x-ray source and backscattered by the object to the single-photon detector. Operating the system pulsing at 100 picosecond or faster, pulsing the x-ray source at least once to illuminate at least part of an object, detecting via a detector one or more individual backscattered photons from the object, and determining a length of time for an individual backscattered photon to travel from the x-ray source to the photon detector.