Abstract: Multilayer beads for pharmaceutical use having a drug-in-polymer layer are disclosed. The disclosed multilayer beads for pharmaceutical use have (a) a core particle; (b) an optional barrier layer coated on the surface of the core particle; (c) a drug-in-polymer layer coated on the surface of the core or the barrier layer, (d) an optional sealant layer coated on the surface of the drug-in-polymer layer; and (e) optionally one or more outer layers external to the drug-in-polymer layer or the sealant layer. The drug-in-polymer layer consists essentially of (i) a drug selected from the group consisting of a 15-keto prostaglandin drug, a 13,14-dihydro prostaglandin drug, and a 13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin drug; and (ii) a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone-vinylacetate copolymer or a mixture thereof. The drug-in-polymer layer may be solid dispersion of the drug in the polymer.

Abstract: Provided is a method for treating a condition or disease which is one of the indications for opioid use, which comprises administering a combination of: (a) a pharmaceutically effective amount of an opioid, and (b) a pharmaceutically effective amount of a prostaglandin (PG) compound represented by the formula (I): to a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a method for treating a condition or disease which is one of the indications for opioid use, which comprises administering a combination of: (a) a pharmaceutically effective amount of an opioid, and (b) a pharmaceutically effective amount of a prostaglandin (PG) compound represented by the formula (I): to a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for treating tumor in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering a combination of (a) an anti-tumor agent and (b) a fatty acid derivative represented by the formula (I): to the subject in need thereof. The application also discloses a method for treating damages, especially gastrointestinal damages including mucositis such as stomatitis induced by an anti-tumor agent, wherein the method comprises administering a fatty acid derivative of formula (I) to the subject who is receiving the anti-tumor agent.

Abstract: Method and composition for treating a nonerosive reflux disease in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a fatty acid derivative are provided.

Abstract: Provided is a pharmaceutical composition including an 11-deoxy-prostaglandin compound represented by formula (I): and a fatty acid ester. By mixing the compound of formula (I) and a fatty acid ester, the compound of formula (I) will be stabilized.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a fatty acid derivative represented by formula (I) is provided: wherein Z1 is wherein R3 is a protecting group for a hydroxy group; which includes the step of reacting a compound of formula (II): wherein Z2 is the same as Z1 except for when Z1 is Z2 is with a co-oxidizer under the presence of an azaadamantane-N-oxyl derivative.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for treating tumor in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering a combination of (a) an anti-tumor agent and (b) a fatty acid derivative represented by the formula (I): to the subject in need thereof. The application also discloses a method for treating damages, especially gastrointestinal damages including mucositis such as stomatitis induced by an anti-tumor agent, wherein the method comprises administering a fatty acid derivative of formula (I) to the subject who is receiving the anti-tumor agent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for treating tumor in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering a combination of (a) an anti-tumor agent and (b) a fatty acid derivative represented by the formula (I): to the subject in need thereof. The application also discloses a method for treating damages, especially gastrointestinal damages including mucositis such as stomatitis induced by an anti-tumor agent, wherein the method comprises administering a fatty acid derivative of formula (I) to the subject who is receiving the anti-tumor agent.

Abstract: Provided is a pharmaceutical composition including an 11-deoxy-prostaglandin compound represented by formula (I): and a fatty acid ester. By mixing the compound of formula (I) and a fatty acid ester, the compound of formula (I) will be stabilized.

Abstract: A method for treating a tumor with a decreased level of the 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a fatty acid derivative, a method for suppressing the growth of a tumor cell with a decreased level of the 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), which comprises contacting said tumor cell with an effective amount of a fatty acid derivative, and a method for identifying a subject who would be responsive to a fatty acid derivative, comprising, (i) obtaining a biological sample from said subject; and (ii) measuring 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) level are provided.

Abstract: Provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a 11-deoxy-prostaglandin compound represented by formula (I): and a fatty acid ester. By mixing the compound of formula (I) and a fatty acid ester, the compound of formula (I) will be stabilized.

Abstract: A method for treating neuropathic pain in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering an effective amount of a fatty acid derivative, is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to combined use of (a) a specific prostaglandin (PG) compound and (b) a H+,K+-ATPase inhibitor for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.

Abstract: In one embodiment, provided is a composition including a prostaglandin compound for modulating stem cell proliferation and/or differentiation in a mammalian subject. In another embodiment, the instant application is directed to a composition which includes a prostaglandin compound for modulating proliferation and/or differentiation of stem cells of a mammalian subject, in which the stem cells are contacted directly or indirectly with the composition of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ophthalmic solution comprising a prostaglandin compound and viscosity-increasing compound. The ophthalmic solution of the invention is excellent in stability and can provide long lasting and increased effect when administrated topically to the eyes of a patient.

Abstract: A method for suppressing tumorigenicity of stem cells in a mammalian subject, which comprises administering an effective amount of a fatty acid derivative and a method for suppressing tumorigenicity of stem cells of a mammalian subject, which comprises contacting said stem cell with an effective amount of a fatty acid derivative, are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating asthenopia, accommodative dysfunction or ocular pain comprising an administration of a specific prostaglandin compound to a mammalian subject. The present invention also relates to a composition for treating asthenopia, accommodative dysfunction or ocular pain comprising a specific prostaglandin compound.

Abstract: In one embodiment, provided is a composition including a prostaglandin compound for modulating stem cell proliferation and/or differentiation in a mammalian subject. In another embodiment, the instant application is directed to a composition which includes a prostaglandin compound for modulating proliferation and/or differentiation of stem cells of a mammalian subject, in which the stem cells are contacted directly or indirectly with the composition of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the long term treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in a human subject, which comprises administering an effective amount of a halogenated prostaglandin compound and/or its tautomer to the subject. The method induces substantially no electrolyte shifting during the term of the treatment. The compound used in the present invention can improve quality of life in the human subjects with gastrointestinal disorders, are similarly effective in treating male and female subjects, and also effective in a human subject aged even 65 years and older.