Abstract: Scrap containing gallium and arsenic is treated with chlorine gas to form a crude gallium and arsenic chloride mixture. Arsenic chloride and impurities having a lower boiling point than that of arsenic chloride are removed from the mixture by vaporization so that crude gallium chloride may be obtained. The crude gallium chloride is purified by distillation. The purified gallium chloride is electrolyzed to yield metallic gallium. If the scrap has a molar gallium/arsenic ratio exceeding 1, arsenic chloride or metallic arsenic or both are added to the scrap before it if treated with chlorine gas.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a samarium-cobalt type magnetic powder for use in making a resin magnet, characterized by substantially comprising a SmCo.sub.5 single phase and consisting of, by weight, 32.7 to 33.4% samarium, 65 to 67% cobalt, not more than 1.5% as a total of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium and the balance inevitably entrained impurities.

Abstract: A method of beneficiation of complex sulfide ores comprises crushing and grinding complex sulfide ore containing sulfides of copper, zinc, iron and other minerals, subjecting the ground ores to differential flotation to obtain a bulk copper-zinc concentrate which is separate from pyrite and gangue, and passing the bulk copper-zinc concentrate through a high-gradient magnetic separator having an open-bore magnetic field filled with a matrix element, so as to recover separately a magnetic copper concentrate and a non-magnetic zinc concentrate. By combining the differential flotation with high-gradient magnetic separation, the present invention enables individual separation of copper and zinc concentrates without using many reagents in high volumes and by a simple process control.

Abstract: A method of oxygen lancing for a copper-producing converter. An oxygen-enriched gas, such as oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen, having a gage pressure of at least 1 kg/cm.sup.2 is blown onto the surface of a molten bath through at least one top lancing tube of the non-immersion type having a lower end located within the converter and held at a height within 0.4 m above the surface of the bath as measured when the bath is at a standstill, while air is simultaneously blown into the bath through tuyeres.

Abstract: A lead frame for integrated circuits has a central opening in which there is fitted a metal piece having alternate recesses and projections, the recesses fitting over inner ends of leads of the lead frame and the projections fitting in gaps between the inner lead ends. The metal piece includes slots and cut-outs to allow its comb-shaped members to bend independently of each other. After the lead frame has been fused to a ceramic substrate, the metal piece can be removed by being pulled upwardly with a relatively small force applied. The metal piece has a pair of pull tabs. For fabricating such a lead frame, the metal piece is stamped out of an integral metal plate structure having the leads and support frame integral with the leads. Then, the stamped metal piece is pushed back so as to fit with the leads of the lead frame.

Abstract: Antimony of high purity is produced from a crude antimony compound by a method which comprises the steps of preparing an aqueous antimony chloride solution using the crude antimony compound, distilling the aqueous antimony chloride solution at a temperature in the range of 200.degree. to 230.degree. C. to recover distilled antimony chloride and injecting the distilled antimony chloride into a current of hydrogen at a temperature exceeding 800.degree. C.

Abstract: A boring drill bit comprises a shank having one end attached to a drill pipe; a plurality of inclined pins extending from the other end of the shank radially and at an inclination toward the ground with respect to the center line of the shank; a plurality of roller cutters mounted rotatably on the inclined pins, respectively. Each of the inclined pins is formed to have a cylindrical side face and has its diameter gradually decreased continuously from the end portion to the root thereof. Each of the plain bearing members, which is divided into a plurality of parts in the axial direction and which is mounted around corresponding inclined pin, has an inner face which engages rotatably substantially all over the surface with the cylindrical outer face of the inclined pin and if necessary, all over the inner face of an opening of the roller cutter which is fitted on the outer circumference of the plain bearing members.

Abstract: An optical wavelength demultiplexer includes a retainer means which curvedly retains an optical fiber. A mirror-polished surface is formed on the convex side of a curved portion of the optical fiber which is retained by the retainer means in such a manner that the mirror-polished surface is in close proximity to the core of the optical fiber. Further, a diffraction grating is disposed such as to oppose and contact the mirror-polished surface. The pitch of the diffraction grating is set to be .lambda./2n.sub.f, where .lambda. represents the wavelength of light to be separated, and n.sub.f the effective refractive index of the optical fiber. The direction of the pitch is selected to be coincident with the extending direction of the optical fiber.

Abstract: An improved method of operating a converter for producing copper includes introducing at least a part of a flux and a cold charge in powdery form into a molten charge in the converter through at least one lance.

Abstract: A lead frame with an Al coating which enjoys satisfactory tightness of adhesion and sufficiently low hardness is manufactured by a method, comprising the steps of covering the lead frame with a mask sheet possessing an opening for exposing an inner lead part of the lead frame, keeping the lead frame at a temperature in the range of 100.degree. to 240.degree. C. under a high degree of vacuum exceeding the level of 10.sup.-5 Torr, and depositing aluminum on the inner lead part by arc-discharge type ion plating.

Abstract: A paste for forming a thick electrically conductive film, which may, for example, be used to produce a touch panel for an electric appliance, contains 40 to 55% by weight of lead borosilicate glass powder containing 1 to 5% by weight of titanium oxide, a total of 15 to 35% by weight of ruthenium oxide powder and silver and/or palladium powder, 1 to 5% by weight of bismuth oxide powder and 1 to 5% by weight of alumina powder in an organic vehicle.

Abstract: A method of recovering gold and silver efficiently and almost completely from an aqueous solution containing cyanic compounds of gold and silver and which comprises adjusting the pH of the aqueous solution containing cyanic compounds of gold and silver to 6.0 or less, preferably to pH 3.0-5.0, by adding mineral acid, such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, preferably together with a small amount of active carbon, and subsequently passing the aqueous solution through an active carbon bed, preferably pretreated with mineral acid.

Abstract: A method of treating effluents containing sulfur oxide ions, such as sulfite ions, thiosulfate ions, thionate ions and bisulfite ions, comprises blowing ozone-containing air into the effluent to reduce the COD level in the effluent to 6 mg/l or below, and neutralizing the so treated effluent with an alkali. This method is capable of producing neutral effluents with small equipment and within a short period of time, and the treated effluent will not experience an appreciable drop in the pH even if it is left to stand for a prolonged period.

Abstract: A tape applying device for punching an annular piece out of an adhesive tape and applying the annular piece of adhesive tape to the inner leads of a lead frame having leads which extend outwardly therefrom in four general directions includes an inner pattern punch disposed along the direction of the travel of the adhesive tape on one surface side thereof and an outer pattern punch disposed along the direction of the travel of the adhesive tape on the same side as the inner punch on the downstream side relative to the inner punch. The outer pattern punch is provided with a press mechanism for applying under pressure the annularly shaped piece of the adhesive tape to the inner leads of the lead frame.

Abstract: At least an equivalent amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid is added to antimony trioxide containing a substance emitting alpha rays, and they are stirred. Any undissolved residue is removed to prepare an aqueous solution of antimony chloride. Water is added to the solution, or a distillate obtained by distilling it at a temperature of at least 135.degree. C. The quantity of the water is at least 10 times by volume as much as the solution, or at least 20 times by volume as much as the distillate. The solution or distillate and the water are stirred at a temperature of at least 60.degree. C. to cause precipitation of antimony trioxide, and the precipitate is separated by filtration. The precipitate is washed with at least 10 times by weight as much warm water having a temperature of 60.degree. C., and dried. This antimony trioxide has an alpha-ray strength not exceeding 0.01 C/cm.sup.

Abstract: A method of recovering Zn and Pb from iron and steel dust wherein the interior of a rotary smelting furnace connected to the discharge side of a rotary kiln is heated by a burner disposed on the outlet side of the rotary smelting furnace; a heating gas is introduced into the rotary kiln to subject the iron and steel dust containing Zn and Pb which was fed in the rotary kiln to a preliminary reduction with the aid of a reducing agent and, if required, a flux so as to volatilize Zn and Pb; and the product of the rotary kiln is fed into the rotary smelting furnace with addition of a flux to melt the resultant mixture and further volatilize Zn and Pb entrained in the product.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a carrier tape for use in the continuous production of integrated circuits includes the formation of finger leads and sprocket holes in a metallic foil tape. The method includes the steps of stamping perforations adjacent the edges of the tape (Step B), coating both sides of the tape with a photoresist layer (6) (Step C), and then exposing the photoresist layers to light which has passed through a patterned mask (Step D). Sensitized or non-sensitized portions (7,8) of the photoresist layers are dissolved (Step E), and the uncovered portions of the metallic foil tape etched away (Step F) to leave a carrier tape which after dissolving the remaining photoresist, comprises a tape of a required width having apertures corresponding to finger lead patterns and sprocket hole patterns embodied in the original mask. By providing perforations in the margins of the starting material, the tape can be accurately located during the exposure step without having to pre-form sprocket holes.

Abstract: A lead frame for an IC device includes a body element located at its center, the body element including recesses in its outer periphery in which the inner tips of the leads of the lead frame are fitted at predetermined positions. With such an arrangement, the leads are prevented from being deformed during steps of formation of the IC device.

Abstract: A boring apparatus comprises a drill pipe for being placed underground, an outer tube insertable into the drill pipe, and an inner tube axially movably inserted in the outer tube. The inner tube is locked against relative movement with respect to the drill pipe while being allowed to rotate therewith when locking members mounted on the inner tube partly project through locking member control windows in the outer tube into recesses defined in an inner surface of the drill pipe. An inner cutter and outer cutters mounted on a lower end of the inner tube can project beyond a lower end of the drill pipe, with the lowermost ends of the outer cutters being held in a projecting position radially outwardly of a circumferential surface of the drill pipe. When so positioned, the outer cutters are disposed more underground i.e., axially further away from the lower end of the drill pipe, than the inner cutter.

Abstract: The antimony in an antimony-containing copper electrolyte is removed by contacting the antimony-containing copper electrolyte with activated carbon at between room temperature and 60.degree. C.