Abstract: A communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The method and system may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services in an a system information (SI) transmission in a cell supporting multiple uplink (UL) carriers.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes active regions on a semiconductor substrate, gate structures on separate, respective active regions, and source/drain regions in the semiconductor substrate on opposite sides of separate, respective gate structures. Each separate gate structure includes a sequential stack of a high dielectric layer, a first work function metal layer, a second work function metal layer having a lower work function than the first work function metal layer, and a gate metal layer. First work function metal layers of the gate structures have different thicknesses, such that the gate structures include a largest gate structure where the first work function metal layer of the largest gate structure has a largest thickness of the first work function metal layers. The largest gate structure includes a capping layer on the high dielectric layer of the largest gate structure, where the capping layer includes one or more impurity elements.

Abstract: An embodiment of wireless communication comprises passing data from a higher layer to a communication layer via multiple data paths for parallel data communication in a wireless device, wherein passing the data comprises controlling passing of said data on the multiple data paths based on communication requirements using path operators. The wireless communication further comprises processing data as packet-less units of data on the multiple data paths, and transmitting the data from the multiple data paths on multiple wireless communication paths from the wireless device.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for reducing a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal in an MIMO-OFDM communication system is provided, in which the method for reducing the PAPR of the OFDM signal may identify interference generated in an MIMO communication system, and adjust a clipping ratio (CR) for an effect of a clipping distortion to be less than an effect of interference.

Abstract: A lighting control system and a method for controlling the same are provided. The lighting control system includes at least one lighting device transmitting a wireless communication signal having unique identification information and controlled by a received wireless communication signal, and a user terminal receiving the wireless communication signal transmitted from the at least one lighting device, sorting and registering the at least one lighting device according to a strength of the wireless communication signal transmitted from the at least one lighting device, and pairing the user terminal with the registered lighting device to control the lighting device. Accordingly, a plurality of lighting devices located in a remote area can be conveniently registered and controlled from a certain location.

Abstract: An electronic device for reflecting a spatial motion to focus a subject and a method thereof. A method of operating an electronic device includes sensing a spatial motion of the electronic device, at the same time as sensing the spatial motion, determining the movement or non-movement of a subject being displayed, and reflecting the spatial motion of the electronic device and the movement or non-movement of the subject to focus the subject.

Abstract: A mobile terminal supporting a voice messaging method includes a microphone for capturing sound waves and converting the sound waves into an audio signal, a storage unit for storing the audio signal, an audio data generation unit for generating audio data packets with the audio signal, a packet data communication network interface unit for providing a packet data communication network, and a control unit for controlling the microphone, audio storage unit, audio data generation unit, and packet data communication network interface unit to capture the audio signal and transmit the audio signal as audio data packets in response to audio message transmission request entered during a mobile messenger service session.

Abstract: The electrode structure includes: a textile-type conductive substrate; a first layer which is disposed on the textile-type conductive substrate and includes a plurality of one-dimensional nanostructures; and a second layer which is formed on the first layer and includes a graphene material.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided. The image forming apparatus includes a first storage unit to store firmware, a control unit to perform a job by loading the stored firmware, a communication interface unit to receive new firmware, and an upgrade unit to install the received new firmware in the first storage unit, where the control unit, upon receiving a new job request while the new firmware is being installed, controls the upgrade unit to suspend installation of the new firmware and perform the requested new job.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for a base station to assign to a user equipment (UE) communicating with the base station a number of coded control information symbols being transmitted with coded data information symbols during the same transmission time interval by the UE. The method includes assigning, by the base station, an offset to the UE, assigning, by the base station, a Modulation and Coding Scheme for data information (data MCS) to the UE, transmitting the offset to the UE, and transmitting the data MCS to the UE, wherein the number of coded control information symbols assigned to the UE for transmission of control information is determined based on the data MCS and the offset.

Abstract: A base station comprises a transmitter configured to transmit a downlink frame. The downlink frame comprising a first configuration message associated with the configuration of Enhanced-Multicast Broadcast Service (E-MBS). The first configuration message comprises a field with an indicator to indicate a next configuration message to be decoded by a subscriber station. The subscriber station, upon decoding the first configuration message, refrains from decoding subsequent configuration messages that precede the next configuration message to be decoded by the subscriber station in accordance with the indicator.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus and method for a display device designed such that light is incident on a hologram or hologram pattern at an angle for which diffraction efficiency is the highest. The illumination apparatus includes at least one point light source which emits light and a light guide plate (LGP) which has the at least one point light source disposed on a side thereof and a hologram pattern on a top surface which permits the light incident from the point light source to exit from the top surface. The side of the LGP facing the point light source is inclined such that the light is incident obliquely on the hologram pattern at an altitude angle which provides high diffraction efficiency.

Abstract: A vibration motor includes a first resilient member and a second resilient member providing resilient forces in opposite directions; a first vibrator and a second vibrator coupled to the first resilient member and the second resilient member respectively; a magnetic body coupled to the first vibrator to create a magnetic field; and a coil applying a current of a predetermined frequency band in the region where the magnetic field is created.

Abstract: In a vertical-type memory device and a method of manufacturing the vertical-type memory device, the vertical memory device includes an insulation layer pattern of a linear shape provided on a substrate, pillar-shaped single-crystalline semiconductor patterns provided on both sidewalls of the insulation layer pattern and transistors provided on a sidewall of each of the single-crystalline semiconductor patterns. The transistors are arranged in a vertical direction of the single-crystalline semiconductor pattern, and thus the memory device may be highly integrated.

Abstract: A method of compressing a 2×2 block based binary image is provided. The method includes: determining whether pixels included in a block are included in existing patterns; generating the number N of the pixels included in the existing patterns (N is a natural number); when N is more than a predetermined value, compressing the block with a binary bit stream comprising information about patterns of the pixels included in the existing patterns and color information about the pixels having a new pattern. The method of compressing a 2×2 block based binary image reduces information damage which may occur during compression and restoration of the binary pattern so that the difference in picture quality between an original image and the restored image can be visibly improved.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device may include a first internal circuit operating at a first voltage higher than a power supply voltage of the device, and a second internal circuit operating at a second voltage lower than the first voltage. An interface circuit may be provided to restrict a voltage transferred from the first internal circuit to the second internal circuit. The first internal circuit may include a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistor having a relatively thick gate insulation layer, and the second internal circuit may have a MOS transistor having a relatively thin gate insulation layer. The interface circuit, by restricting voltage, may reduce an electric field applied to the gate insulation layer of the second MOS transistor in an effort to prevent a reduction in turn-on speed of the second MOS transistor.

Abstract: Provided are a method of generating a firmware update file which restrictively allows a firmware update for a corresponding hardware model, and a method and apparatus for updating firmware using the firmware update file. By generating a data body including program codes of firmware to be updated, generating a data header including model codes of a hardware device to which the data body is applied, and generating the firmware update file by combining the data body and the data header, the firmware update may be restricted for a corresponding model of a hardware device by using the firmware update file so that firmware of other models of hardware devices may not be updated, an integrity check may be performed using a digital signature when the firmware is updated.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for interference cancellation in multiple-antenna communication system is disclosed. Accordingly, a receiver of a multiple-antenna communication system cancels interference by selecting either a multiple-symbol processing scheme or a single-symbol processing scheme depending on a signal type, thereby improving performance of the communication system.