Abstract: A video detector that detects black frames in a video includes a grayscale converter, a parser for parsing the grayscale video into a sequence of individual frames, a sub-frame parser for parsing frames of an uneven block size into two or more sub-frames, and a DCT calculator. The detector extracts a DC component or AC component, or both, of the generated DCT and then compares them against respective threshold values. The individual frames are identified as a black frame based on a comparison between the selected component and the threshold value. Methods of detecting black frames based on DC components and AC components are also described.

Abstract: A mixed-domain oscilloscope (MDO) includes a signal generator configured to generate a test signal having a span ranging from a user-configurable start frequency to a user configurable stop frequency, an output channel coupled to the signal generator and configured to transmit the test signal, an RF input channel configured to receive a return signal based on the test signal, an acquisition section configured to acquire and digitize the return signal as an acquisition record, and a ramp busy signal generator configured to substantially time-align the acquisition record with the test signal. The test signal includes a chirp signal that is a linearly swept sine wave that spans between the user-configurable start frequency and the user-configurable stop frequency. Methods include calibrating the chirp signal, connecting the MDO in various test configurations relative to external return loss bridge and DUT equipment, and performing measurements such as S21(db), S11(db), and distance-to-fault type measurements.

Abstract: A test and measurement instrument includes an input for receiving an input test signal and a separator that separates a data array of the input test signal into a number of different data bins. Each data bin includes a number of data points. A selector is included that determines whether the data points within a present bin of the total bins represent signal or noise. When the present bin contains noise, a processor generates a first output for the present bin. Instead, when the present bin contains signal, the processor generates a second output for the present bin. The bin outputs can then be combined to make an output array, such as a waveform display, for the instrument.

Abstract: A test and measurement instrument converts digital data that represents an input signal into a plurality of bitmaps, and then subtracts one of the bitmaps from another one of the bitmaps to produce a difference bitmap. The difference bitmap does not contain density values that are common to the two bitmaps, but instead only contains the density differences between the two, thereby revealing very small density variations in the presence of large density values. In some embodiments, the difference bitmap is displayed on a display device. In other embodiments, the difference bitmap is used to generate a trigger signal.

Abstract: A signal generating device has a display, central processing unit and a waveform generating circuit. The central processing unit generates a user interface on the display for setting parameters for a serial data pattern and a parameter for an intersymbol interference and a bandwidth extension pre-emphasis effect on the serial data pattern. A waveform record file is generated using the serial data pattern parameters and the intersymbol interference effect and bandwidth extension pre-emphasis effect parameter. A waveform generation circuit receives the waveform record file and generates a serial data pattern analog output signal having the intersymbol interference effect or the bandwidth extension pre-emphasis effects defined by the intersymbol interference and bandwidth extension pre-emphasis effect parameter.

Abstract: A machine-implemented method can include receiving a common input signal over M parallel time-interleaved (TI) analog to digital converter (ADC) channels, determining a multiple-input, multiple-output finite impulse response (FIR) filter structure for correcting bandwidth mismatches between the M parallel TIADC channels, and providing a common output signal comprising TI data corresponding to the M parallel TIADC corrected channels.

Abstract: A test and measurement instrument and method of detecting an anomaly in a test and measurement instrument are disclosed. The test and measurement instrument includes an input terminal configured to receive a signal. An acquisition engine is coupled to the input terminal, the acquisition engine being configured to digitize the signal and store the digitized signal as a signal history in an acquisition memory based on initial trigger settings. An anomaly detector is coupled to the acquisition memory, the anomaly detector being configured to detect an anomaly in the signal history. An analysis engine is coupled to the anomaly detector, the analysis engine being configured to analyze the anomaly detected in the signal history and generate modified trigger settings for detecting the anomaly. Trigger circuitry is coupled to the analysis engine, the trigger circuitry being configured to trigger based on the modified trigger settings.

Abstract: A system and method for aggregating IP flows in a telecommunication network is disclosed. A multi-protocol flow representing packets captured from the telecommunications network during a selected time period is displayed on a user interface of a network monitoring system. The multi-protocol flow is highlighted on the user interface display if any session records within the multi-protocol flow do not meet operator-defined criteria. The user interface detects a user's selection of the multi-protocol flow and displays a plurality of protocol-specific flows that are within the multi-protocol flow. The user interface detects the user's selection of one of the protocol-specific flows and displays a plurality of session flows that are within the selected protocol-specific flow. Any session records that do not meet operator-defined criteria are highlighted on the user interface.

Abstract: A test pattern for evaluating L/R crosstalk extinction ratio in a stereoscopic 3D system has a strip of one characteristic—polarization, white, color—associated with a plurality of calibrated chips in a left eye image and a strip of a contrasting characteristic—orthogonal polarization, white, contrasting color—associated with a plurality of calibrated chips in a right eye image such that, when the two images are superimposed, the strip of one image overlays the calibrated chips of the other image. By alternately occluding one eye while observing the superimposed image with the other eye, a portion of the strip of the occluded eye image appears across the chips of the viewing eye image when there is crosstalk. The extinction ratio value associated with the chip of the viewing eye image that most closely matches the portion of the strip from the occluded eye image is an estimate of the L/R crosstalk.

Abstract: Systems and methods for discovering SCTP associations between devices communicating in a network are described. A method comprises monitoring packets communicated among a plurality of source and destination devices, determining a combination of source EP address, source port number, destination IP address, and destination port number that defines an association between a source device and a destination device, and resolving a combination of source and destination verification tags that further defines the association based upon the combination of EP addresses and port numbers. The method further comprises ascertaining whether a subsequently monitored packet belongs to the association based at least in part upon an element of the combination of verification tags after at least one element of the combination of EP addresses and port numbers has changed during the ongoing communication.

Abstract: Method and devices are described for visually detecting anomalies in non-repetitive signals. One device may take the form of an oscilloscope capable of displaying segments of a complete waveform record that includes non-periodic triggering events. The segments may be displayed vertically and horizontally offset from one another to aid in the visual detection of anomalies within the record. Decayed or aged segments of a waveform may also be simultaneously displayed.

Abstract: A network monitoring system captures data packet from LTE/SAE network interfaces using passive probes. The monitoring system identifies context data associated with a first user on an S1-MME interface. Next hop parameters, such as a Next Hop Key and/or a Next Hop Chaining Counter, are derived for the first user equipment. The monitoring system creates a first context entry for the first user comprising of the next hop parameters. The monitoring system also identifies second context data associated with a second user on a second S1-MME interface. Next hop parameters are also identified for the second context data. The second context next hop parameters are compared to the first context next hop parameters. If they match, it is possible to track the user even in case of mobility, binding its activity on the two legs and retrieving the security parameters to be used for deciphering.

Abstract: Systems and methods for identifying communication devices in telecommunication networks are described. In some embodiments, a method may include receiving an identification code of a device operating in a network controlled, at least in part, by a telecommunications operator, the device having a model and/or a manufacturer. The method may also include obtaining user-plane information within one or more communications made by the device, correlating the identification code with the user-plane information, and determining, based upon the correlation the model and/or the manufacturer of the device. In some cases, by correlating these disparate pieces of information, an approximation of the device's identifier may be created, which may then allow the device to be identified (e.g., for presentation, etc.) even in cases where such an identifier has not been provisioned (or even has been provisioned incorrectly) to a telecommunications monitoring system by the network operator.

Abstract: A mapper for use in processing messages captured from a telecommunications network is disclosed. In one embodiment, one or more LTE messages are received from a LTE network, and one or more CDMA messages are received from a CDMA network. An LTE/CDMA mapper entry associated with the LTE and CDMA messages is identified. The LTE/CDMA mapper is associated with UE that is capable of operating on both the LTE and CDMA networks. The LTE and CDMA messages are processed using the LTE/CDMA mapper. The processing of the LTE and CDMA messages may comprise extracting parameters from the LTE or CDMA messages and storing the parameters to the LTE/CDMA mapper. The content in the LTE or CDMA messages may be deciphered using authentication parameters stored in the LTE/CDMA mapper. A generic client library may be used, for example, to access the LTE/CDMA mapper.

Abstract: An apparatus and method corrects for zero ampere level current fluctuations in a current signal. First and second acquisition circuitry generate respective current and voltage data samples of the current signal. Current fluctuation data samples representative of zero ampere level deviations of the current signal are extracted corresponding to Off-periods of the current signal. The current fluctuation data samples of the Off-periods are interpolated to generate current fluctuation data samples representative of zero ampere level deviations of the On-periods of the current signal. The Off-period and On-period current fluctuation data samples are subtracted from the current data samples of the current signal to generate corrected zero ampere level current data samples.

Abstract: A test and measurement instrument including a time domain channel configured to process a first input signal for analysis in a time domain; a frequency domain channel configured to process a second input signal for analysis in a frequency domain; and an acquisition system coupled to the time domain channel and the frequency domain channel. The acquisition system is configured to acquire data from the time domain channel and the frequency domain channel. Time domain and frequency domain data can be time aligned.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a system and method to measure and represent the measured value of a limit in terms of another measurement, such as clock values or cycles of the system. The system can include, for example, a test and measurement instrument such as an oscilloscope. In another embodiment of the present invention, slew rate de-rated values may be automatically determined through the use of configurable lookup tables.

Abstract: A test and measurement instrument including a time domain channel configured to process a first input signal for analysis in a time domain; a frequency domain channel configured to process a second input signal for analysis in a frequency domain; and an acquisition system coupled to the time domain channel and the frequency domain channel. The acquisition system is configured to acquire data from the time domain channel and the frequency domain channel. Time domain and frequency domain data can be time aligned.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include an electronic load having variable reactive load capability and techniques for controlling and/or modeling a reactive component in a load. The electronic load can include a user interface through which a latency value is received from a user. A delay is created based on the latency value between the time that a variable of the input signal is sensed and the time that a variable of the input signal is driven to a new value, thereby simulating a reactive component in the electronic load based on the created delay. In one example embodiment, the driven variable can be stepped after the created delay to produce an approximation of a capacitive or inductive element. In another example embodiment, the driven variable can be slewed during the delay period using an arbitrary waveform generator, thereby more accurately simulating the reactive component.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include methods, apparatuses, and systems for automatically identifying a synchronization sub-pattern associated with a test pattern. A test and measurement instrument is triggered in response to a first instance of a trigger pattern in a data stream. A trigger-to-trigger counter begins counting at the time of the first trigger event. The test and measurement instrument is again triggered in response to a second instance of the trigger pattern in the data stream. The count is ended at this time. The count is then compared to a predefined length of the test pattern, and if equal, it is automatically determined that the trigger pattern is the unique synchronization sub-pattern associated with the test pattern.