Abstract: There is provided a computer implemented method of automatic segmentation of three dimensional (3D) anatomical region of interest(s) (ROI) that includes predefined anatomical structure(s) of a target individual, comprising: receiving 3D images of a target individual, each including the predefined anatomical structure(s), each 3D image is based on a different respective imaging modality. In one implementation, each respective 3D image is inputted into a respective processing component of a multi-modal neural network, wherein each processing component independently computes a respective intermediate, and the intermediate outputs are inputted into a common last convolutional layer(s) for computing the indication of segmented 3D ROI(s). In another implementation, each respective 3D image is inputted into a respective encoding-contracting component a multi-modal neural network, wherein each encoding-contracting component independently computes a respective intermediate output.

Abstract: Cultures of Delftia bacteria are disclosed. Antimicrobial agents derived therefrom are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a device suitable for delivery of a fluid composition to an eye, especially therapeutic compositions, comprising: a hollow needle with a bore having a proximal end and a distal end, said distal end configured to pass into a passage in a sclera of an eye, said bore configured to function as a conduit for a fluid from said proximal end to said distal end, and a solid separator having a distal tip, configured to move inside said bore of said hollow needle allowing said distal tip of said separator to protrude from said distal end of said needle.

Abstract: There is provided a computer implemented method of automatic segmentation of three dimensional (3D) anatomical region of interest(s) (ROI) that includes predefined anatomical structure(s) of a target individual, comprising: receiving 3D images of a target individual, each including the predefined anatomical structure(s), each 3D image is based on a different respective imaging modality. In one implementation, each respective 3D image is inputted into a respective processing component of a multi-modal neural network, wherein each processing component independently computes a respective intermediate, and the intermediate outputs are inputted into a common last convolutional layer(s) for computing the indication of segmented 3D ROI(s). In another implementation, each respective 3D image is inputted into a respective encoding-contracting component a multi-modal neural network, wherein each encoding-contracting component independently computes a respective intermediate output.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting bacterial conjugation, bacterial horizontal gene transfer or bacterial growth are disclosed. The methods comprise contacting bacteria with an effective amount of a bile acid or a bile salt, wherein the effective amount does not affect viability of the bacteria. A method of increasing susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotic treatment is also disclosed as well as methods of decontaminating a farm animal housing or a medical surface and methods of treating water. Also disclosed are compositions effective in inhibiting bacterial conjugation, bacterial horizontal gene transfer and bacterial growth.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described including a valve frame configured to support a prosthetic valve within a native atrio-ventricular valve. The valve frame includes a frame body that includes an atrial portion configured to be positioned such that, when the valve frame is deployed, at least a portion of the atrial portion is disposed on an atrial side of the native atrio-ventricular valve, and a ventricular portion configured to be positioned such that, when the valve frame is deployed, at least a portion of the ventricular portion is disposed within a ventricle of the subject. At least one arm is configured to extend from the ventricular portion of the frame body. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Methods of treating cancer are provided. Accordingly, there is provided a method of treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an agent capable of (i) specifically binding GABRA2, the agent comprising a therapeutic moiety; and/or (ii) downregulating activity and/or expression of said GABRA2. Also provided are compositions, article of manufactures and methods of diagnosing cancer and monitoring cancer treatment.

Abstract: A method for influencing cerebral perfusion in a patient by modifying a volume of a volume adaptor introduced into a cerebral ventricle of the patient, the method comprising identifying a timing of a cerebral blood inflow and/or outflow in a cardiac activity of the patient, modifying a volume of the volume adaptor in synchronization to the identified timing of the cerebral blood flow, to an amount sufficient to modify an intracranial pressure in the cerebral ventricle, such that a flow of the cerebral blood flow is enhanced. In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, the inflation duration of the volume adapter is short relative to the cardiac cycle.

Abstract: Provided are novel compounds which are capable of inhibiting an activity of RNA polymerase I, and uses thereof in treating diseases or disorders modulated by RNA polymerase I, preferably autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and proliferative diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for manufacturing transdifferentiated populations of non-pancreatic human insulin producing cells, and methods for enriching populations of non-pancreatic ?-cells for cells comprising an enriched capacity for transcription factor-induced transdifferentiation into a pancreatic ?-cell phenotype and function.

Abstract: Apparatus for analyzing brain MRI, is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an input for receiving a first and a second MRI scans at the beginning and end of a predetermined time interval post contrast administration; a subtraction map former for forming a subtraction map from said first and said second MRI scans by analyzing said scans to distinguish between two primary populations, a slow population, in which contrast clearance from the tissue is slower than contrast accumulation, and a fast population in which clearance is faster than accumulation; and an output to provide an indication of distribution of said two primary populations, wherein said predetermined time period is at least twenty minutes.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for controlling a radiotherapy electron beam. Exemplary embodiments provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths by altering parameters of a plurality of magnets. Exemplary embodiments can also provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths while maintaining the energy level of the electron beam at a consistent level.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for the sequential and temporally-regulated administration of pancreatic transcription factors to induce non-pancreatic cells to transdifferentiate and mature along the pancreatic ?-cell lineage. The present invention also provides methods for identifying, isolating and enriching transdifferentiation predisposed cells and methods for treating a degenerative pancreatic disorder such as diabetes.

Abstract: Apparatus for diagnosing breast cancer, the apparatus comprising a controller having a set of instructions executable to: acquire a contrast enhanced region of interest (CE-ROI) in an X-ray image of a patient's breast, the X-ray image comprising X-ray pixels that indicate intensity of X-rays that passed through the breast to generate the image; determine a texture neighborhood for each of a plurality of X-ray pixels in the CE-ROI, the texture neighborhood for a given X-ray pixel of the plurality of X-ray pixels extending to a bounding pixel radius of BPR pixels from the given pixel; generate a texture feature vector (TF) having components based on the indications of intensity provided by a plurality of X-ray pixels in the CE-ROI that are located within the texture neighborhood; and use a classifier to classify the texture feature vector TF to determine whether the CE-ROI is malignant.

Abstract: A method of identifying cancer stem cell markers in a human primary tumor is disclosed. The method comprises: (a) in vivo passaging the primary tumor; and (b) comparing a level of at least one antigen in a first population of passaged tumor cells of the primary tumor with a second population of tumor cells of the primary tumor, wherein an increase in the amount of the antigen in the first population of tumor cells as compared to the amount of the antigen in the second population of tumor cells is indicative of a cancer stem cell marker in the human primary tumor.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for controlling a radiotherapy electron beam. Exemplary embodiments provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths by altering parameters of a plurality of magnets. Exemplary embodiments can also provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths while maintaining the energy level of the electron beam at a consistent level.

Abstract: A method of generating a nephrospheroid is disclosed. The method comprises culturing human adult kidney cells in a culture medium under non-adherent conditions. Uses thereof and other renal cell populations are also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus for operating MRI is disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a control for operating an MRI scanner to carry out an MRI scan; an input for receiving first and second MRI scans respectively at the beginning and end of a predetermined time interval post contrast administration; a subtraction map former for forming a subtraction map from the first and the second MRI scans by analyzing the scans to distinguish between a population in which contrast clearance from the tissue is slower than contrast accumulation, and a population in which clearance is faster than accumulation; and an output to provide an indication of distribution of the populations. The control is configured to carry out the first scan at least five minutes and no more than twenty minutes post contrast administration and to carry out the second scan such that the predetermined time period is at least twenty minutes.

Abstract: Apparatus for operating MRI is disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a control for operating an MRI scanner to carry out an MRI scan; an input for receiving first and second MRI scans respectively at the beginning and end of a predetermined time interval post contrast administration; a subtraction map former for forming a subtraction map from the first and the second MRI scans by analyzing the scans to distinguish between a population in which contrast clearance from the tissue is slower than contrast accumulation, and a population in which clearance is faster than accumulation; and an output to provide an indication of distribution of the populations. The control is configured to carry out the first scan at least five minutes and no more than twenty minutes post contrast administration and to carry out the second scan such that the predetermined time period is at least twenty minutes.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising an extract of a plurality of seeds of an edible plant of interest is disclosed. Use of the composition and methods of generating same are also disclosed.