Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optomechanical accelerometer that includes a first membrane having a first susceptibility; a second membrane having a second susceptibility that is greater than the first susceptibility; and at least one support member; wherein: the second membrane is supported above the first membrane by the at least one support member, such that the first and second membranes form at least a portion of an optical cavity.

Abstract: Membrane materials and methods are disclosed for selectively separating or transporting ions in liquid media. In embodiments, the membranes comprise cellulose acetate polymer films having high cation, monovalent/divalent, and/or Li+/Mg2+ selectivity. Systems and methods for use of such membranes, including the direct extraction of lithium (DLE) from natural brines and other resources, also are disclosed.

Abstract: Described are compounds and methods useful for the treatment and investigation of Friedreich's Ataxia.

Abstract: A low-pass and band-pass delta-sigma (??) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) device for sensor interface is disclosed. The device includes a first stage comprising a low-resolution passive integrator-based noise-shaping successive approximation register (SAR) ADC and a second stage comprising a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)-ADC.

Abstract: A method of training a machine learning algorithm comprises providing a set of input data, performing transforms on the input data to generate augmented data, to provide transformed base paths into machine learning algorithm encoders, segmenting the augmented data, calculating main base path outputs by applying a weighting to the segmented augmented data, calculating pruning masks from the input and augmented data to apply to the base paths of the machine learning algorithm encoders, the pruning masks having a binary value for each segment in the segmented augmented data, calculating sparse conditional path outputs by performing a computation on the segments of the segmented augmented data, and calculating a final output as a sum of the main base path outputs and the sparse conditional path outputs. A computer-implemented system for learning sparse features of a dataset is also disclosed.

Abstract: A signal comprises a plurality of codewords associated with a set of codewords, each codeword comprising a plurality of symbols associated with a symbol constellation. Processing includes: mapping quantum states associated with symbols of a particular codeword of the signal to a plurality of input qubits, and applying quantum operations to the input qubits according to a quantum circuit for decoding the signal. The quantum operations comprise: controlled unitary multi-qubit operations performed on two or more qubits in a first set of qubits controlled based on two or more qubits in a second set of qubits, an initial quantum measurement performed on an initially measured qubit in the first set of qubits, at least one controlled unitary single-qubit operation performed on a post-measurement state associated with the initially measured qubit, and quantum operations that invert at least a portion of the operations in the plurality of controlled unitary multi-qubit operations.

Abstract: A multi junction solar cell includes one or more upper cells and a thin-film, polycrystalline, low-bandgap bottom cell. A single-junction solar cell includes a polycrystalline semiconductor thin film, wherein a bandgap of the solar cell is greater than 1.2 eV or less than 1.2 eV, and the solar cell is configured to receive light through two surfaces, such that the bottom cell has bifacial operation.

Abstract: Methods and devices for microfluidic detection of a biological maker in a biospecimen collected from a subject are disclosed. The microfluidic devices include nanoparticle-based nanosensors comprising supramolecular recognition sequences, protease consensus sequences, post-translationally modifiable sequences, or sterically hindered benzylether bonds for specific interaction with a biological marker. Also disclosed are particular nanosensors for detecting cytokines, and other proteins based upon supramolecular recognition without chemical modification or enzymatic cleavage.

Abstract: Described are methods of treating or preventing a virus in a subject comprising administering ozonides to the subject.

Abstract: A curved origami-based metamaterial includes a panel of material having a plurality of curved creases each disposed within a plane of the panel. The panel is configured to be folded along one of the plurality of creases, and the panel is also configured to be bent about an axis disposed outside the plane of the panel. Stiffness manipulation is configured to be achieved in situ by activating a different one of the plurality of curved creases.

Abstract: Described are fibrous materials comprising a plurality of fibers having a longitudinal alignment gradient and/or a longitudinal composition gradient. Also described are methods of preparing the fibrous materials thereof and methods of treating organ or tissue damage with the fibrous materials.

Abstract: Provided herein are tumor-antigen VCX/Y specific peptides and engineered VCX/Y specific T cell receptors. Also provided herein are methods of generating VCX/Y-specific immune cells and their use for the treatment of cancer. In addition, the VCX/Y-specific peptides may be used as a vaccine.

Abstract: Described herein are novel lipid compositions comprising unsaturated dendrimers and methods of synthesis of unsaturated dendrimers. The lipid composition can comprise an ionizable cationic lipid, a phospholipid, and a selective organ targeting lipid. Also described herein are pharmaceutical formulations comprising an unsaturated dendrimer, a lipid composition, and a therapeutic agent. Further described in here are methods of mRNA delivery comprising a lipid composition and a therapeutic agent. Further described herein are high-potency dosage forms of a therapeutic formulated with a lipid composition.

Abstract: A computing system includes a processor having access to data associated with a plurality of devices of a network. The processor is configured to leverage the data to execute a loss model that estimates cyber risk loss distribution of the network associated with healthcare environment and infrastructure using bond percolation on a mixed random graphs approach.

Abstract: External cavity laser systems are described that can operate with essentially no mode hopping. One example configuration of the laser system includes a semiconductor laser device, a folded cavity external to the semiconductor laser device, where at the semiconductor laser device is positioned at a fold in the folded cavity. In this configuration, at least one mirror is positioned in the folded cavity to enable sustained propagation of light within the folded cavity, and at least two polarization elements are positioned in the folded external cavity. The polarization elements cause a polarization state of the light that impinges in different directions on each semiconductor laser device that is positioned at a fold to be orthogonal to one another, thus eliminating or substantially reducing mode hopping in the laser output.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are electrolytes and electrochemical devices. The electrochemical devices comprise cathodes that include nickel-rich layered lithium transition metal oxides, lithium-rich layered transition-metal oxides, lithium manganese-based spinel oxides, lithium polyanion-based compounds, and combinations thereof. The electrolytes include a lithium imide salt, an aprotic acyclic carbonate solvent, and an additive, wherein the additive comprises a metal salt, an aprotic solvent, or a combination thereof. The electrolyte can be stable at a voltage of 4.3 V or above vs. Li/Li+.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel cycloalka[b]heteroaryl compounds having CX3CR1/fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) agonistic properties, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, chemical processes for preparing these compounds and their use in the treatment or prophylaxis of diseases associated with CX3CR1 receptor activity in animals, in particular humans.

Abstract: Computer-implemented systems and methods for sleep optimization are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the system includes one or more peripheral devices, a network, one or more networked computers, and one or more remote servers. The peripheral devices and/or the networked computers collect one or more types of sleep data, calculate one or more sleep parameters, and transmit said sleep parameters to the one or more remote servers. The remote servers then perform calculations to determine optimal sleep recommendations. The sleep recommendations are then output to one or more networked computers and/or one or more peripheral devices as adjustments to sleep time and sleep duration.

Abstract: A single molecule sensing or detecting device includes a first electrode and a second electrode separated from the first electrode by a gap. The first electrode and the second electrode have an opening formed therethrough. At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is functionalized with a recognition molecule. The recognition molecule has an effective length LI and is configured to selectively bind to a target molecule having an effective length L2. The size of the gap is configured to be greater than L2, but less than or equal to the sum of LI and L2.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds and compositions useful in the treatment of GLS1 mediated diseases, such as cancer, having the structure of Formula I: Methods of inhibition GLS1 activity in a human or animal subject are also provided.