Abstract: Methods of recycling target elements include dissolving and/or alloying a metallic component, including one or more target elements, with liquid gallium to provide a gallium melt and exposing the gallium melt with a liquid medium to form an intermediate liquid. The liquid medium is different than the gallium melt. The method also includes adjusting a pH value of the liquid medium to a first target pH and/or adjusting an applied electrical potential value to the intermediate liquid to a first target applied electrical potential, where at least a first portion of an initial total quantity of a first target element is present in a soluble form in the liquid medium. The method further includes isolating the liquid medium from the intermediate liquid to provide a first leachate, and separating the first target element from the first leachate.

Abstract: In one aspect, methods and compositions are provided for treating a subject suffering from or susceptible to prenatal opioid exposure. In a further aspect, methods and compositions are provided for treating a subject suffering from or susceptible traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage, acquired hydrocephalus, demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis, neurological symptoms from systemic lupus erythematosus, and neurodegenerative diseases. In an additional aspect, methods and compositions are provided for treating subject having a COVID-19 infection, exhibiting symptoms of a COVID-19 infection, having suspected exposure to COVID-19, or suspected of suffering from long COVID or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC).

Abstract: A method for determining a model characterizing an output from a photon-counting detector (PCD) used in a computed tomography (CT) system is provided. The PCD has a plurality of pixels. The method includes constructing a PCD output model that has a plurality of model parameters including a first model parameter set. The first model parameter set is dependent on an incident count rate on the PCD, and dependent on a pixel position in the PCD. The method also includes receiving calibration data acquired by scanning a plurality of combinations of basis materials, under a plurality of incident count rates. The method further includes estimating the plurality of model parameters based on the received calibration data.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a biodegradable particle comprising a polyester or polyester blend, a first protein that binds to an immune cell, and a second protein that promotes proliferation and/or activation of immune cells, and a third soluble protein or small molecule encapsulated within the particle. The second protein is a fusion protein comprising at least a portion of an antibody and at least a portion of a cytokine (i.e., an immunocytokine). The disclosure also is directed to methods for treating a disease or condition in a subject (e.g., an autoimmune disease) comprising administering the aforementioned biodegradable particle to the subject.

Abstract: An apparatus for mounting on a circuit board is provided. The apparatus may include a circuit board mount packaging and a battery. The circuit board mount packaging may include a cavity, a first internal lead, and a second internal lead. The first internal lead may be connect to a first external pin and the second internal lead may be connected to a second external pin. The battery may be disposed within the cavity of the circuit board mount packaging. The battery may comprise an anode and a cathode. The anode may be wire bond connected to the first internal lead and the cathode may be wire bond connected to the second internal lead.

Abstract: Provided is a functional, low-profile intercranial device (LID). The LID includes a base portion; at least one cavity associated with the base portion and configured to accept at least one functional component; and at least one conduit having a first end in communication with the at least one cavity. The at least one functional component includes a medicinal, electronic, or optic therapeutic. The at least one conduit is configured to accept the medicinal therapeutic and a second end configured to dispense the therapeutic.

Abstract: A method of assessing the brain lymphatic or glymphatic system and the glucose transporter function on blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) of a subject using D-glucose or a D-glucose analog. A spatial map is generated of water MR signals that are sensitized to changes in D-glucose or a D-glucose analog in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the subject. The spatial map is observed at one or more time points before, one or more time points during, and one or more time points after, raising the blood level of the D-glucose or a D-glucose analog in the subject CSF. A difference is detected between the MR signals of the spatial map before, during, and after raising the blood level of D-glucose or a D-glucose analog. A physiological parameter associated with the brain lymphatic or glymphatic system and the glucose transporter function on BCSFB of the subject is ascertained based on the detected difference.

Abstract: An intracranial access device includes a housing having an operator-facing side and a patient-facing side and an opening therethrough extending from the operator-facing side to the patient-facing side. The device further includes at least one fastener configured to secure the device to a cranium of a patient. The device further includes a drill mounted to a surface of the housing and a cauterizer. The device may further include a number of sensors arranged on the patient-facing side of the housing and configured to identify a hemorrhage location.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and compositions for generating both patient-specific and universal donor banked HLA-defined therapeutic progenitors in clinical grade, current good manufacturing practice (cGMP)-compliant conditions from a new class of tankyrase inhibitor-regulated naive human induced pluripotent stem cells (TIRN-hiPSCs).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods of nano-engineered optical metasurfaces and materials able to generate higher efficiency flat optics and controlled surface emission via photothermally reconfigurable optical metasurfaces based on optical phase change materials (PCMs). Through localized control of the material dispersion, devices can operate at higher amplitudes and phase control for greater efficiency across larger operational bandwidth in the optical and infrared (IR) spectral regions.

Abstract: An embodiment in accordance with the present invention provides a system that uses simple standardized patient information routinely collected at triage to distribute patients amongst triage levels based on critical and time-sensitive outcomes. The present invention estimates the probability of electronic medical record (EMR) recorded events for patients at triage. Predictions are made for patients based upon clinical information routinely collected at triage which include demographics (age and gender), vital signs (temperature, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation), complaint(s), medical/surgical history, chronic conditions, and mode of arrival. Vital signs are categorized as normal or gradations of abnormal.

Abstract: A multisegmented robot includes a first robot segment comprising a first layer of active material at least one of integral with, attached to or formed on a first layer of passive material; a second robot segment spaced apart from the first robot segment, the second robot segment including a second layer of active material at least one of integral with, attached to or formed on a second layer of passive material; and a tether connecting the first and second robot segments.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for segmenting internal structures depicted in an image. In one aspect, a method includes receiving data representing image data that depicts internal structures of a subject, providing an input data structure to a machine learning model, wherein the input data structure comprises fields structuring data that represents the received data representing the image data that depicts internal structures of the subject, wherein the machine learning model is a multi-stage deep convolutional network that has been trained to segment internal structures depicted by one or more images, receiving output data generated by the machine learning model based on the machine learning model's processing of the input data structure, and processing the output data to generate rendering data that, when rendered, a computer, causes the computer to output, for display, data that visually distinguishes between different internal structures depicted by the image data.

Abstract: A method includes receiving one or more radiological images of an anatomy of a patient. The method also includes identifying a boundary of different tissue types in the anatomy of the patient based at least partially upon the one or more radiological images. The method also includes identifying one or more regions within the boundary. The one or more regions include a lung region. The method also includes identifying healthy tissue and COVID-19 tissue in the lung region. The method also includes quantifying an extent of the COVID-19 tissue in the lung region by comparing an amount of the COVID-19 tissue in the lung region to an amount of the healthy tissue in the lung region. The method also includes classifying the extent of the COVID-19 tissue in the lung region into one or more of a plurality of COVID-19 classes.

Abstract: A device may include an image capturing component to obtain images of an environment of a user, and a light projection system. The light projection system may include a laser source and an optical imager. The device may process, in real-time, images captured by the image capturing component to derive signals for controlling the laser source, provide the signals to the laser source to enable the laser source to generate a laser beam pattern, cause the optical imager to raster scan the laser beam pattern to an absorptive element. The absorptive element may be disposed on or in the user, and positioned proximate to a region-of interest, of the user, that includes neuronal cells. The laser beam pattern may cause the absorptive element to produce acoustic energy that cause depolarization of the neuronal cells. The sensory stimulation may enable the user to visually and/or auditorily perceive the environment.

Abstract: An anatomy visualization device may include a display, an optical sensor, and processing circuitry. The processing circuitry may be configured to capture, via the optical sensor, body registration points on a body of an individual, receive external anatomical measurements of the body, apply the external anatomical measurements to a body shape model, and determine an organ placement prediction for the body based on the application of external anatomical measurements to the body shape model. The organ placement prediction may include organ position information, organ size information, and organ shape information for a plurality of organs. The processing circuitry may also align the organ placement prediction with the body registration points and render, on the display, the organ placement prediction in alignment with the body registration points as an augmented reality object on the body.

Abstract: An anion exchange resin includes a cross-linked polymer having a plurality of pseudo +2 point charges including dicationic groups. The dicationic groups include a first cationic group and a second cationic group, and a distance between the first cationic group and the second cationic group is from about 1 Angstrom to about 10 Angstroms.

Abstract: An electrostatic probe for positioning an insect specimen is disclosed herein. The electrostatic probe may include an ion generator, a handling end, and a controller. The controller may be configured to: activate the ion generator to produce a electrostatic field at the handling end, wherein the electrostatic field is to attract a specimen to the handling end or hold the insect specimen at the handling end, and discharge the electrostatic field to cause the insect specimen to be released from the handling end.

Abstract: A Flettner rotor that employs localized suction over its surface improves performance and fuel efficiency. Simulations and analysis show that such a method can significantly improve the performance of the Flettner rotor. Improvements in rotor performance enable reduction in fuel costs and greenhouse gas emission by ships or other modes of transport. Improvements in rotor performance can also reduce noise for applications such as drones or other devices having rotors.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods of making flexible fiber batteries. The fiber batteries are amenable for deployment in textiles, for example, wearable fabrics. The fiber battery can be used to provide power to wearable electronic devices. The fiber battery disclosed herein can be a sub-millimeter (mm) diameter active battery stack having a coating that provides a fiber having a diameter of up to 1 mm that can be woven, stitched, knitted, or otherwise incorporated into a fabric.