Abstract: An angiography system includes a table supporting a subject, configured to: receive, from a 2D X-ray imaging system, contrast-enhanced 2D data of a region of the subject's body, a contrast-enhanced 2D data corresponding to a position and orientation of the X-ray imaging system relative to the region; receive, from a three dimensional (3D) X-ray imaging system, 3D data of the region acquired prior to administration of the contrast agent; generate, from the 3D data, a 2D mask of the region with simulated noncontrast-enhanced 2D data that corresponds to the position and orientation of the X-ray imaging system relative to the region; generate a vasculature image of the region by subtracting the contrast-enhanced 2D data from the 2D mask; and provide the vasculature image on the display.

Abstract: The disclosure features compounds comprising an antigen portion, a soluble Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecule portion (e.g., all or an antigen-binding portion of a soluble MHC class I molecule), and a dynamic anchor portion (e.g., an agent, such as Annexin V, that binds to phosphatidylserine). The featured compounds are useful for a variety of therapeutic applications, including, e.g., enhancing a T cell response to an antigen of interest or enhancing a T cell-driven immune response by a subject to an antigen of interest (e.g., a cancer antigen or a microbial antigen).

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter relates to immunoswitch particles that switch off immunosuppressive pathways on tumor cells or immunosuppressive molecules induced by tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment, or virus infected cells or immunosuppressive molecules induced by virus infected cells in the microenvironment surrounding the virus infected cells, while simultaneously switching on co-stimulatory or co-inhibitory pathways on T cells, as well as method for converting immunosuppressive signals in cells, tissues, and subjects into stimulatory signals, and immunotherapy-based methods for treating cancer and chronic viral infections.

Abstract: Example superlattice structures and methods for thermoelectric devices are provided. An example structure may include a plurality of superlattice periods. Each superlattice period may include a first material layer disposed adjacent to a second material layer. For each superlattice period, the first material layer may be formed of a first material and the second material layer may be formed of a second material. The plurality of superlattice periods may include a first superlattice period and a second superlattice period. A thickness of a first material layer of the first superlattice period may be different than a thickness of a first material layer of the second superlattice period.

Abstract: A method includes determining one or more metrics of a surgical task being performed by a surgeon based at least partially upon a type of the surgical task being performed and a video of the surgical task being performed. The method also includes determining a surgical skill of the surgeon during the surgical task based at least partially upon the video, the one or more metrics, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Biomarkers relevant to neurons in the brain, in particular at single cell levels, are identified by using olfactory neurons as the best surrogates from subjects so as to establish diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of brain conditions.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention provides a three-dimensional scaffold including at least one layer of highly-aligned fibers. The at least one layer of highly-aligned fibers is curved in a direction substantially perpendicular to a general direction of the fibers. Another aspect of the invention provides a method for fabricating a three-dimensional scaffold. The method includes: electro spinning a plurality of fibers to produce at least one layer of highly-aligned fibers and forming the at least one layer of highly-aligned fibers into a three-dimensional scaffold without disturbing the alignment of the highly-aligned polymer fibers. A further aspect of the invention provides methods for using a three-dimensional scaffold to treat nerve or spinal cord injury.

Abstract: Mimetic peptides having anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic properties and methods of their use for treating cancer, ocular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, and other-angiogenesis-dependent diseases are disclosed, More particularly, an isolated peptide comprising the amino acid sequence LRRFSTAPFAFIDINDVINF, which exhibits anti-angiogenic activity in endothelial cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and tube formation assays, anti-migratory activity in human breast cancer cells in vitro, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic activity in vivo in breast cancer xenograft models, and age-related macular degeneration models is disclosed. The isolate peptide also exhibits anti-lymphangiogenic and directly anti-tumorigenic properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of stem cells. More specifically, the invention provides methods and compositions useful for forming three-dimensional human retinal tissue in vitro. In a specific embodiment, an in vitro method for differentiating hiPSCs into three-dimensional retinal tissue comprising functional photoreceptors comprises the steps of (a) culturing the hiPSCs to form aggregates; (b) transitioning the aggregates into a neural induction medium; (c) seeding the aggregates on to extracellular matrix coated cell culture substrates; (d) replacing NIM with a chemically-defined differentiation medium; (e) detaching NR domains; (f) culturing in suspension; and (g) adding animal serum or plasma component and retinoic acid.

Abstract: A device may receive, from one or more electrodes, information identifying brain activity for a first time period. The device may predict, based on the information identifying the brain activity for the first time period, predicted brain activity for a second time period that is to occur after the first time period. The device may determine, based on the predicted brain activity for the second time period, a brain stimulus for the second time period, wherein the brain stimulus is associated with a frequency and a phase determined based on the predicted brain activity for the second time period. The device may cause the brain stimulus to be applied in accordance with the frequency and the phase during the second time period.

Abstract: The inventors surprisingly found that neural stimulation caused the synthesis and degradation of proteins into peptides which were then secreted into the cell media within minutes of stimulation by a novel neural-specific and membrane bound proteasome (neuronal membrane proteasome or NMP) that is transmembrane in nature. These secreted, activity-induced, proteasomal peptides (SNAPPs) range in size from about 500 Daltons to about 3000 Daltons. Surprisingly none of the peptides appear to be those previously known to have any neuronal function. Moreover, these SNAPPs have stimulatory activity and are heretofore a new class of signaling molecules. Moreover, the NMP appears to play a highly significant role in aspects of neuronal signaling known to be critical for neuronal function.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method of predicting a state of a system that is represented by a partial differential equation. The method comprises training a neural network for an initial state of said system to obtain a set of neural network parameters to provide a spatial representation of said system at an initial time. The method further comprises modifying said parameters for intermediate times between said initial time and a prediction time such that each modified set of parameters is used to provide a respective spatial representation of said system at each corresponding intermediate time using said neural network. The method further comprises modifying said set of parameters to provide a prediction set of parameters that is used to provide a predicted spatial representation of said system at said prediction time using said neural network.

Abstract: A device may receive a coherent energy illuminated image, of a particular object, that includes laser speckle. The device may process, using a laser speckle reduction model, the coherent energy illuminated image to generate a laser speckle-reduced image. The device may provide the laser speckle-reduced image as output to permit diagnostics based on the laser speckle-reduced image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of skin rejuvenation. Specifically, the present invention provides compositions and methods for promoting skin rejuvenation using a toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist and retinoic acid or derivatives thereof. In a specific embodiment, a method for treating wrinkles in a subject comprises the steps of (a) administering to the area of the subject comprising a wrinkle a composition comprising an effective amount of retinoic acid or a derivative thereof; and administering to the area of the subject comprising a wrinkle a composition comprising an effective amount of a TLR3 agonist.

Abstract: In one aspect, compositions are provided for the early diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and include microRNAs, e.g. miR-21 and inhibitors thereof. The treatment compositions can be useful for early detection, and for intercepting developing premalignant pancreatic lesions and other KRAS-driven premalignancies.

Abstract: The present invention is a DNA expression vector comprising: a toxP: a mutant toxO that blocks Fe-mediated regulation of gene expression; and a DNA sequence encoding a protein, wherein the toxP and the mutant toxO regulate expression of the DNA segment encoding the protein. It is preferred that DNA expression vectors of the present invention include DNA sequences encoding a signal peptide so that a protein expressed is attached to the signal peptide prior to processing. Novel proteins are produced off of the DNA expression vector of the present invention.

Abstract: An active filter system for filtering power on a power system may include a converter, an energy storage device, and control circuitry. The converter may be configured to be electrically coupled to a power source at a converter input and an active filter system bus at a converter output. The converter may be configured to deliver power to the active filter system bus that serves a dynamic load. The energy storage device may be electrically coupled to the active filter system bus and configured to filter the power via charge and discharge of an energy storage device. The control circuitry may be configured to control the converter to condition power drawn from the power source to create a filtered load based on programmable active filter controls. The programmable active filter controls may be based on a measurement of a load current being supplied to the dynamic load and a state of charge of the energy storage device.

Abstract: Described are methods of treating or preventing a virus in a subject comprising administering ozonides to the subject.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of detecting target molecules using electrochemical sensors that comprise biomolecular receptor-bound redox reporters. Related systems and computer readable media are also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of classifying lesions in medical image of subjects in certain embodiments. Related systems and computer program products are also provided.