Abstract: A light emitting device includes a semiconductor nanocrystal in a layer. The layer can be a monolayer of semiconductor nanocrystals. The monolayer can form a pattern on a substrate.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods for attitude determination using infrared Earth horizon sensors (EHSs) with Gaussian response characteristics. Attitude information is acquired by detecting Earth's infrared electromagnetic radiation and, subsequently, determining the region obscured by Earth in the sensors' fields of view to compute a nadir vector estimation in the spacecraft's body frame. The method can be applied when two sensors, each with known and distinct pointing directions, detect the horizon, which is defined as having their fields of view partially obscured by Earth. The method can be implemented compactly to provide high-accuracy attitude within small spacecraft, such as CubeSat-based satellites.

Abstract: An electro-optical device can include a plurality of semiconductor nanocrystals. In some circumstances, the device can omit an electron transporting layer.

Abstract: Described herein are techniques for more precisely identifying antibodies that may have a high affinity to an antigen. The techniques may be used in some embodiments for synthesizing entirely new antibodies for screening for affinity, and for more efficiently synthesizing and screening antibodies by identifying, prior to synthesis, antibodies that are predicted to have a high affinity to the antigen. In some embodiments, a machine learning engine is trained using affinity information indicating a variety of antibodies and affinity of those antibodies to an antigen. The machine learning engine may then be queried to identify an antibody predicted to have a high affinity for the antigen.

Abstract: An aqueous solution flows through a desalination system that separates the aqueous solution into purified water and concentrated brine. The concentrated brine is directed into an electrodialysis system that includes an anode and a cathode and at least two monovalent selective ion exchange membranes between the anode and the cathode. At least one of the monovalent selective ion exchange membranes separates at least one diluate channel from at least one concentrate channel in the electrodialysis system, and this membrane selectively allows at least one monovalent ion to pass through the membrane while blocking or inhibiting the transport therethrough of multi-valent ions. The concentrated brine flows through at least the concentrate channel while a voltage is applied to the anode and cathode; and additional aqueous solution flows through the diluate channel.

Abstract: A dual-mode imaging receiver (DMIR) can acquire and maintain SOA free-space optical communication (FSOC) links without a precision mechanical gimbal. Unlike other FSOC technologies, a DMIR can operate without precise spatial alignment and calibration of the transmitter's or receiver's spatial encoders (precision pointing) in static (fixed point to point) geometries. Instead, a DMIR uses electronic receive beam selection to acquire and track transmitters with coarse mechanical pointing and a single aperture. And because the DMIR can operate with just one aperture, it does not need a beacon at the transmitter since it does not transition from a wide field-of-view acquisition aperture to a narrow field-of-view detection and decoding aperture even in dynamic geometries.

Abstract: A method for modeling a virtual identity in a digital media system is disclosed. A plurality of categories are defined according to identity characteristics of a virtual identity. A degree of a membership is modeled in a category for members of the category, wherein each category includes a plurality of features. Changes to membership are simulated, wherein the degree of membership includes a gradient value in a category feature over time.

Abstract: A composition can include a nanostructure, and a linker associated with the nanostructure, wherein the linker is configured to interact with a capture protein. The nanostructure can include a single-walled carbon nanotube. A plurality of the compositions can be configured in an array.

Abstract: Multifunctional nanoparticles can include two or more different populations of nanocrystals that impart a combination of properties arising from the constituent populations in a single, multifunctional nanoparticle.

Abstract: A non-paraxial Talbot spectrometer includes a transmission grating to receive incident light. The grating period of the transmission grating is comparable to the wavelength of interest so as to allow the Talbot spectrometer to operate outside the paraxial limit. Light transmitted through the transmission grating forms periodic Talbot images. A tilted detector is employed to simultaneously sample the Talbot images at various distances along a direction perpendicular to the grating. Spectral information of the incident light can be calculated by taking Fourier transform of the measured Talbot images or by comparing the measured Talbot images with a library of intensity patterns acquired with light sources having known wavelengths.

Abstract: A method and system for acquiring a series of medical images includes a plurality of detectors configured to be arranged to acquire gamma rays emitted from a subject as a result of an advanced radionuclide administered to the subject and communicate signals corresponding to acquired gamma rays. A data processing system is configured to receive the signals from the plurality of detectors, determine double coincidence event dataset and a multiple coincidence event dataset, separate the multiple coincidence event dataset into at least one of a standard lines of response dataset and a nonstandard lines of response dataset, and apply a background correction to the double coincidence event dataset based on the non-standard lines of response dataset and/or the standard lines of response dataset to obtain a standard coincidence dataset.

Abstract: A GaN device is formed on a semiconductor substrate having a plurality of recessed regions formed in a surface thereof. A seed layer, optional buffer layer, and gallium nitride layer such as a carbon-doped gallium nitride layer are successively deposited within the recessed regions. Improved current collapse response of the GaN device is attributed to maximum length and width dimensions of the multilayer stack.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for bonding polymeric parts are disclosed. Specifically, in one embodiment, the polymeric parts are bonded by plastically deforming them against each other while they are below the glass transition temperatures. A method includes: placing a first polymeric part in contact with a second polymeric part; and plastically deforming the first polymeric part and the second polymeric part against each other to bond the first polymeric part to the second polymeric part. Additionally, during the plastic deformation, a temperature of the first polymeric part is less than a glass transition temperature of the first polymeric part and a temperature of the second polymeric part is less than a glass transition temperature of the second polymeric part.

Abstract: A stacked switched capacitor (SSC) energy buffer circuit includes a switching network and a plurality of energy storage capacitors. The switching network need operate at only a relatively low switching frequency and can take advantage of soft charging of the energy storage capacitors to reduce loss. Thus, efficiency of the SSC energy buffer circuit can be extremely high compared with the efficiency of other energy buffer circuits. Since circuits utilizing the SSC energy buffer architecture need not utilize electrolytic capacitors, circuits utilizing the SSC energy buffer architecture overcome limitations of energy buffers utilizing electrolytic capacitors. Circuits utilizing the SSC energy buffer architecture (without electrolytic capacitors) can achieve an effective energy density characteristic comparable to energy buffers utilizing electrolytic capacitors.

Abstract: The method for dynamic video magnification magnifies small motions occurring simultaneously within large motions. The method involves selecting a region of interest from a video for magnification. The region of interest is warped to obtain a stabilized sequence of frames that discounts large motions. Each frame of the stabilized sequence is decomposed to a foreground layer, a background layer, and an alpha matte layer, and each of the foreground and alpha matte layers is magnified. Then a magnified sequence is generated from the magnified layers using matte inversion. Any image holes in the magnified sequence are filled in using texture synthesis. Finally, the magnified sequence is de-warped to the original space-time coordinates.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method converts two images to a transform representation in a transform domain. For each spatial position, the method examines coefficients representing a neighborhood of the spatial position that is spatially the same across each of the two images. The method calculates a first vector in the transform domain based on first coefficients representing the spatial position, the first vector representing change from a first to second image of the two images describing deformation. The method modifies the first vector to create a second vector in the transform domain representing amplified movement at the spatial position between the first and second images. The method calculates second coefficients based on the second vector of the transform domain. From the second coefficients, the method generates an output image showing motion amplified according to the second vector for each spatial position between the first and second images.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to expandable robotic arms. According to some embodiments, the robotic arm may include a series of expandable segments connected to each other. Further, each of the expandable segments may be individually controlled to expand and/or tilt with one or two tilt degrees of freedom. In operation, the robotic arm may expand sequentially segment by segment from a proximal most segment to a distal most segment to reach a target position and orientation from an initial position and orientation. A variety of methods and algorithms for pathfinding and otherwise operating such a robotic arm are also described.

Abstract: An x-ray imaging device can include an x-ray detector and an optical-blocking filter. The x-ray detector has an entrance-window surface for receiving x-rays, at least one side surface, and a back surface facing in an opposite direction from the entrance-window surface. The optical-blocking filter is deposited on and fully covers at least the entrance-window surface and the side surface of the x-ray detector, wherein the optical-blocking filter blocks visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared light.

Abstract: Provided in one embodiment is a method of identifying a stable phase of an ordering binary alloy system comprising a solute element and a solvent element, the method comprising: determining at least three thermodynamic parameters associated with grain boundary segregation, phase separation, and intermetallic compound formation of the ordering binary alloy system; and identifying the stable phase of the ordering binary alloy system based on the first thermodynamic parameter, the second thermodynamic parameter and the third thermodynamic parameter by comparing the first thermodynamic parameter, the second thermodynamic parameter and the third thermodynamic parameter with a predetermined set of respective thermodynamic parameters to identify the stable phase; wherein the stable phase is one of a stable nanocrystalline phase, a metastable nanocrystalline phase, and a non-nanocrystalline phase.

Abstract: A transmit antenna system configured to steer an electromagnetic beam includes an antenna and an electronic steering module. The antenna includes a first electric antenna element oriented parallel to a first plane, a second electric antenna element oriented orthogonally to the first electric antenna element and parallel to the first plane, and a first magnetic antenna element oriented orthogonally to the first electric antenna element and the second electric antenna element. The electronic steering module is in electrical communication with each of the first electric antenna element, the second electric antenna element, and the first magnetic antenna element. The electronic steering module includes at least one amplifier configured to control the amplitude of a current to each of the first electric antenna element, the second electric antenna element, and the first magnetic antenna element.