Abstract: The present invention provides methods of inducing proliferation of and/or differentiating cells comprising contacting cells with compounds witin the methods of the invention. The present invention further provides cells obtainable by the methods of the invention.

Abstract: Embodiments related to cation-disordered lithium metal oxide compounds, their methods of manufacture, and use are described. In one embodiment, a cation-disordered lithium metal oxide includes LiaMbM?cO2 with a greater than 1. M includes at least one redox-active species with a first oxidation state n and an oxidation state n? greater than n, and M is chosen such that a lithium-M oxide having a formula LiMO2 forms a cation-disordered rocksalt structure. M? includes at least one charge-compensating species that has an oxidation state y that is greater than n.

Abstract: Methods for forming nanoporous semiconductor materials are described. The methods allow for the formation of micron-scale arrays of sub-10nm nanopores in semiconductor materials with narrow size distributions and aspect ratios of over 400:1.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to compositions including bridged bicyclic compounds such as iptycene-based structures and extended iptycene structures. In some embodiments, the compositions may be useful in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaics, and other devices.

Abstract: An ionic liquid ion source can include a microfabricated body including a base and a tip. The body can be formed of a porous material compatible with at least one of an ionic liquid or room-temperature molten salt. The body can have a pore size gradient that decreases from the base of the body to the tip of the body, such that the at least one of an ionic liquid or room-temperature molten salt is capable of being transported through capillarity from the base to the tip.

Abstract: Identifying a stable phase of a binary alloy comprising a solute element and a solvent element. In one example, at least two thermodynamic parameters associated with grain growth and phase separation of the binary alloy are determined, and the stable phase of the binary alloy is identified based on the first thermodynamic parameter and the second thermodynamic parameter, wherein the stable phase is one of a stable nanocrystalline phase, a metastable nanocrystalline phase, and a non-nanocrystalline phase.

Abstract: Redox flow devices are described including a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode current collector, and an ion-permeable membrane separating said positive and negative current collectors, positioned and arranged to define a positive electroactive zone and a negative electroactive zone; wherein at least one of said positive and negative electroactive zone comprises a flowable semi-solid composition comprising ion storage compound particles capable of taking up or releasing said ions during operation of the cell, and wherein the ion storage compound particles have a polydisperse size distribution in which the finest particles present in at least 5 vol % of the total volume, is at least a factor of 5 smaller than the largest particles present in at least 5 vol % of the total volume.

Abstract: A localized heating structure includes a spectrally-selective solar absorber, that absorbs incident solar radiation and reflects at wavelengths longer than 2 ?m, with an underlying heat-spreading layer having a thermal conductivity equal to or greater than 50 W/(mK), a thermally insulating layer, adjacent to the spectrally-selective solar absorber, having a thermal conductivity of less than 0.1 W/(mK), one or more evaporation openings through the spectrally-selective solar absorber and the thermally insulating layer, and an evaporation wick, disposed in one or more of the evaporation openings in the thermally insulating layer, that contacts liquid and allows the liquid to be transported from a location beneath the thermally insulating layer through to the spectrally-selective solar absorber in order to generate vapor from the liquid. The thermally insulating layer is configured to have a density less than the liquid so that the localized heating structure is able to float on the liquid.

Abstract: Described is a printed circuit antenna array including at least one castellated substrate. Also described is a stacked patch antenna array having at least one castellated substrate.

Abstract: A miniature, low cost mass spectrometer capable of unit resolution over a mass range of 10 to 50 AMU. The mass spectrometer incorporates several features that enhance the performance of the design over comparable instruments. An efficient ion source enables relatively low power consumption without sacrificing measurement resolution. Variable geometry mechanical filters allow for variable resolution. An onboard ion pump removes the need for an external pumping source. A magnet and magnetic yoke produce magnetic field regions with different flux densities to run the ion pump and a magnetic sector mass analyzer. An onboard digital controller and power conversion circuit inside the vacuum chamber allows a large degree of flexibility over the operation of the mass spectrometer while eliminating the need for high-voltage electrical feedthroughs. The miniature mass spectrometer senses fractions of a percentage of inlet gas and returns mass spectra data to a computer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions comprising a food product, non-pathogenic microorganism, kits, methods of diagnosing a tumor in a subject, methods of quantifying the number of cancer cells in a cell sample, and methods of detecting a cancer cell, cancer tissue, or cell associated with a hyperproliferative disorder. In some embodiments, the method comprises a step of detecting the presence or absence of a modified substrate or portion thereof in urine of an animal without an instrument and solely by visual inspection of the urine.

Abstract: A system of flexural, actuating, and semiconducting elements of part-types necessary to assemble actuated robotic systems. These parts are joined with a common interface, interlocking with neighboring parts to form a regular lattice structure. Primary considerations for the design of the part interfaces include ease of assembly and the ability to transfer mechanical loads and electronic signals to neighboring parts. The parts are designed to be assembled vertically so structures can he built incrementally one part at a time. They can be easily fabricated at a range of length-scales using a variety of two-dimensional manufacturing processes. These processes include, for example, stamping and laminating, which enable high-throughput production. The simple mechanical interfaces between parts also enable disassembly allowing for reconfigurability and reuse. The interlocking nature of these assemblies allows loads to be distributed through many parallel load-paths.

Abstract: Systems and methods for measuring short wave infrared fluorescence and autofluorescent signals are disclosed.

Abstract: A method includes encapsulating structures disposed on or over a surface of a substrate in an encapsulant. The method also includes separating the encapsulant from the substrate. An apparatus includes a composite film having structures embedded in an encapsulant. The composite film has a surface with a surface roughness of less than one nm. An apparatus includes an encapsulant film having a surface with indentations formed therein. The surface has a surface roughness apart from the indentations of less than one nm.

Abstract: Hierarchical porous membranes suitable for use in oil/water separation processes are provided. The membranes described herein are particularly well suited for separating trace amounts of water (e.g., no greater than 3 wt % water content, no greater than 1 wt % water content, or 50-1000 ppm water) from oil in droplets less than 1 um in size. The membranes have a wide range of applications, including deep seep oil exploration, oil purification, and oil spill cleanup.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds and compositions characterized, in certain embodiments, by conjugation of various groups, such as lipophilic groups, to an amino or amide group of an amino acid, a linear or cyclic peptide, a linear or cyclic polypeptide, or structural isomer thereof, to provide compounds of the present invention, collectively referred to herein as “APPLs”. Such APPLs are deemed useful for a variety of applications, such as, for example, improved nucleotide delivery. Exemplary APPLs include, but are not limited to, compounds of Formula (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V), and (VI), and salts thereof, as described herein: wherein m, n, p, R?, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R8, Z, W, Y, and Z are as defined herein.

Abstract: A device, and corresponding method, can include a pump light source configured to be modulated at a pump modulation and to irradiate a target specimen. The device can also include a probe light source arranged to generate a speckle pattern from the target specimen, as well as a sensor configured to detect changes in at least one of position and intensity of one or more speckle lobes of the speckle pattern having correlation with the pump modulation. The device and method can be used for non-contact monitoring and remote sensing of surfaces, gases, liquids, particles, and other target materials by analyzing speckle pattern changes as a function of pump light irradiation. Advantages can include much higher sensitivity than existing methods; the ability to use visible probe wavelengths for uncooled, low-cost visible detectors with high spatial resolution; and the ability to obtain target material properties without detecting infrared light.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for analyzing interactions between glycans and interaction partners that bind to them. The present invention also provides HA polypeptides that bind to umbrella-topology glycans, and reagents and methods relating thereto.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, there is provided a method for: a) high-throughput, multiplexed, affinity-based separation of proteins—especially low abundance proteins—from complex biological mixtures such as serum; and b) high-throughput, multiplexed, affinity-based separation of cells—especially rare cells—from complex biological mixtures such as blood or blood fractions. The separation of proteins or cells is achieved based on differential binding to affinity-capture beads of different sizes and then sorting the protein-bound or cell-bound beads using the concept of centrifugal-induced Dean migration in a spiral microfluidic device. This method enables continuous-flow, high throughput affinity-separation of milligram-scale protein samples or millions of cells in minutes after binding.

Abstract: The invention relates to recombinant expression of a taxadiene synthase enzyme and a geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPPS) enzyme in cells and the production of terpenoids.