Abstract: Disclosed are heterogeneous processes (i) for the hydrogenation of a compound containing at least one unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, and (ii) for the hydro-dehalogenation of a compound containing at least one C—Cl, C—Br or C—I bond. The processes comprise reacting said compound with a hydrogenating agent and a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst in the presence of an ionic liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a phage blocking assay to determine unknown binding molecule present on or in the surface of a cell, a non-infectious moiety, a bacteria, a virus, or another pathogen. In particular embodiments, the invention relates to the identification of unknown receptors on a cell or virus involved in infection. Further, it relates to the use of said binding molecules, for example virus binding molecules or cellular receptors and binding members with binding specificity to said binding molecules, for example antibodies, in methods of therapy.

Abstract: A process for carrying out a chemical reaction which is catalysed by one or more metal or hydrogen fluoroalkyl-sulfonylated compound which process comprises carrying out said reaction in the presence of an ionic liquid or in solvent-free conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a variability modeling system for product lines, and in particular software product lines. The system provides for a number of views, each view modeling features relevant to only a particular class of viewer. Said views may include a project management view, a behavioural view, a feature dependency and interaction view and a view intermediate between a convention feature model and an architectural model.

Abstract: A method of coating a metallic article having an at least part-metallic surface comprising a first metal, with a surface having a pre-determined wettability, the method at least comprising the steps of: (a) coating at least a part of the metallic article with a layer of a second metal to provide a metal-metal bonded surface, said surface being rough either prior to or because of step (a); and (b) contacting the metal-metal bonded surface of step (a) with a material to provide the surface having the pre-determined wettability. The first metal may be one or more of the group comprising: iron, zinc, copper, tin, nickel and aluminium, and alloys thereof including steel, brass, bronze and nitinol for example. Preferably, the second metal is coated onto the first metal using electroless Galvanic deposition.

Abstract: Disclosed are heterogeneous processes (i) for the hydrogenation of a compound containing at least one unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, and (ii) for the hydro-dehalogenation of a compound containing at least one C—Cl, C—Br or C—I bond. The processes comprise reacting said compound with a hydrogenating agent and a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst in the presence of an ionic liquid.

Abstract: A process for preparing hydroxylapatite from a calcium carbonate-containing algae comprising the steps of: (a) converting at least some of the calcium carbonate in the algae to calcium oxide without changing the porosity of the algae; and (b) reacting the so-formed material of step (a) with phosphate ions in water.

Abstract: The present application relates to nucleic acid and peptide sequences of CCN3 and derivatives and fragments thereof useful in the treatment of disease, in particular tumours and/or for use as a clinical marker.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a system for the focusing and/or a collimation of an ion beam, in particular a beam of accelerated protons, wherein the system has a lens with a lens body that is permeable to the ion beam, wherein means for the generation of an in particular electrostatic field, propagating within the lens body and focusing the ion beam, are provided, wherein the lens body has a wall of low thickness, wherein the means for the field generation comprise a source of electromagnetic radiation, whose emitted beam is directed onto the outer side of the wall of the lens body, wherein the thickness of the wall and the quality of the electromagnetic radiation is chosen such that the radiation generates free electrons that emerge from the wall and accumulate on the exit side of the wall in an electron cloud.

Abstract: The present application relates to a device and system for measuring cell motility comprising a supporting substrate which includes at least one cell receiving zone and an agent receiving matrix provided on a matrix receiving zone, wherein interposed between the cell receiving zone and the agent receiving matrix is a bridging portion. In addition, methods of using said device and system and a kit relating to the device is provided.

Abstract: Methods and reagents in relation to the diagnosis, protection and treatment of Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). In particular, the methods and reagents in relation to RNA; determined to provide a strong protection to a subject against development of AMD.

Abstract: RAN and RAN Binding Protein 1 have been determined to be markers of invasive and metastatic potential of a tumour cell. There is described methods and kits for the detection of the level of RAN and RAN Binding Protein 1 and the use thereof.

Abstract: A nanostructure comprising a first structure comprising conductive material, which is attached to a second structure comprising one or more portions of conductive material separated by insulator material, which is attached to a third structure comprising a material in which a change can be effected. The third structure may comprise a dielectric or ferroelectric material, and the change effected in the material may be polarization of the material. The nanostructure may comprise one or more nanocapacitors, each of which comprises a part of the third structure in which a change comprising polarization may be effected. The nanocapacitors may be used to store data.

Abstract: A material comprising at least one polymer and at least one sensitizer wherein the sensitizer is localised at a surface of the material wherein the sensitizer is an agent or compound able to provide improved anti-bacterial and/or anti-viral activity following exposure of the sensitizer to a particular wavelength or range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: Use of ionic liquids as solvents in base-catalysed chemical reactions wherein the ionic liquid is composed of at least one species of cation and at least one species of anion, characterised in that a cation of the ionic liquid comprises a positively charge moiety and a basic moiety, and further wherein such ionic liquids may be used as promoters or catalysts for the chemical reactions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel base stable ionic liquids and uses thereof as solvents in chemical reactions, especially base catalysed chemical reactions and reactions comprising the use of strong basis.

Abstract: Described is a method of modulating the activation of a Rho, Arf, Rab, Ran or Rap family protein, said method comprising administering to said sample a USP-17 modulator, for example an inhibitor of expression or activity of DUB-3. The invention enables the use of USP-17 modulators in the treatment of metastatic cancer and other conditions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a multi-dimensional microporous metal-organic compound comprising the steps of providing a first reactant which includes at least one metal in ionic form, providing a second reactant which includes a bridging organic ligand, grinding the first and second reactants together, wholly or substantially in the absence of solvent.

Abstract: Described are specific binding members e.g. antibodies which may be used in the treatment of diseases associated with cathepsin S activity. The specific binding members binds cathepsin S and inhibits its proteolytic activity. The binding members may be used in the treatment of diseases such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune disorders, and other diseases associated with excessive, deregulated or inappropriate angiogenesis.

Abstract: A process is described for providing a polymer material by blending as a first component one or more hydrophilic polymers, and as a second component one or more neutralising chemicals, in the complete or substantial absence of water. In the absence of water, the components will not be aqueous solutions. Thus the components can be used in blending processes, and the present invention is able to form many other shapes and forms of material other than laminates on substrates.