Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of donor compounds that can be used to produce H2S from COS or CS2 released from the donor compounds. In some embodiments, the donor compounds can indirectly produce H2S after being exposed to a reactive component in a triggering event. In other embodiments, the donor compounds can indirectly regenerate H2S after reacting with an H2S analyte. The donor compounds disclosed herein can be used for analytical techniques, disease diagnostics, and/or therapeutic applications. Methods of making and using the donor compounds also are provided herein.

Abstract: A method comprising reacting an aluminum mineral polymorph or a gallium mineral polymorph with an acid at an aluminum metal to acid molar ratio or gallium metal to acid molar ratio sufficient to produce M13 nanoscale clusters, M nano-agglomerates, or a M13 slurry, wherein M is Al or Ga.

Abstract: Methods of identifying compounds that increase ? cell number and/or proliferation by determining the effect of compounds on ? cell number or proliferation in zebrafish pancreas are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of halogenated nanohoop compounds and assemblies thereof that can be used to for a variety of biological and chemical applications. The halogenated nanohoop compounds described herein exhibit non-covalent interactions that promote their ability to stack and form column-like assemblies having uniform pore size and that do not exhibit structural defects typically associated with other column-like structures, such as carbon nanotubes. Assemblies described herein also are capable of non-covalent interactions with other assemblies and thus can be used to form networks of the assemblies described herein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are bacterial proteins that increase pancreatic beta (?) cell number and/or proliferation, methods of increasing ? cell number and/or proliferation using such proteins, and methods of treating or inhibiting diabetes in a subject by administering such proteins to the subject. In some embodiments, the protein has at least 80% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth as any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1-7, or fragments thereof. Recombinant vectors including a nucleic acid encoding the protein (such as a nucleic acid encoding a protein with at least 80% sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1-7 or fragments thereof) operably linked to a heterologous promoter are also disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of identifying compounds that increase ? cell number and/or proliferation by determining the effect of test compounds on ? cell number or proliferation in zebrafish pancreas.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments concern a phosphorus-containing heterocyclic compound according to the formula One exemplary compound is Certain embodiments fluoresce with excitation by light. The compounds are useful as fluorescent probes and as bioisosteres. In some embodiments, the compounds are bioisosteres of alpha-quinolones. Also disclosed is a method for making the compounds.

Abstract: Apparatus include an optical cavity including an optical coupling portion situated to couple an optical signal input field to an intracavity optical signal field and an optical control input field to an intracavity optical control field, wherein the optical cavity includes a nonlinear optical medium that mediates a selective exchange of at least one predetermined temporal mode between the intracavity optical signal field and an intracavity optical register field based on a nonlinear phase-matched interaction between the intracavity optical signal, control, and register fields and selectable field characteristics of the optical control input field.

Abstract: A method comprising reacting an aluminum mineral polymorph or a gallium mineral polymorph with an acid at an aluminum metal to acid molar ratio or gallium metal to acid molar ratio sufficient to produce M13 nanoscale clusters, M nano-agglomerates, or a M13 slurry, wherein M is Al or Ga.

Abstract: A compound, or a protonate or salt thereof, of formula I: wherein Y is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, or substituted heteroaryl; n is 1 or 2; each R10 is independently alkyl, substituted alkyl, a polyether moiety, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, haloalkyl, halogen, nitro, amino, aryloxy, aryl, substituted aryl, cyano, hydroxyl, carbonylamino, aminocarbonyl, acyl, sulfonyl, or substituted sulfonyl; a is 0 to 4; is an aryl or heteroaryl ring; and each R is independently halogen, carbonylamino, sulfonamide, carboxylic acid or hydrogen, provided at least one R is a halogen; and provided that if Y is are not respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel method for preparing cyclophanes, comprising forming a disulfide cyclophane by contacting a linker moiety which includes two or more thiol groups, with a metal salt and an oxidant. The disulfide cyclophane is then desulfurized to form a thiacyclophane comprising thioether bridges. This thiacyclophane optionally may be further desulfurized to form an unsaturated hydrocarbon cyclophane, which can then be reduced to form a saturated hydrocarbon cyclophane. The various cyclophanes can be synthesized in a ring form, such as a dimer, trimer or tetramer etc., or they can be synthesized in a tetrahedral or larger structure. Also disclosed are novel cyclophanes formed by the disclosed method.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a material comprising a functionalized solid support surface, wherein the functionalization comprises a thioalkylene linker bound to the support surface and the thioalkylene linker is coupled to a moiety derived from a ligand, wherein the ligand includes a terminal alkenyl and at least one first functional group configured to bind to at least one predetermined target species.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of halogenated nanohoop compounds and assemblies thereof that can be used to for a variety of biological and chemical applications. The halogenated nanohoop compounds described herein exhibit non-covalent interactions that promote their ability to stack and form column-like assemblies having uniform pore size and that do not exhibit structural defects typically associated with other column-like structures, such as carbon nanotubes. Assemblies described herein also are capable of non-covalent interactions with other assemblies and thus can be used to form networks of the assemblies described herein.

Abstract: A compound, or a protonate or salt thereof, having a formula I of: wherein Y represents an optionally substituted aromatic group; n is 1 or 2; a is 0 to 4; R1 and R2 are each independently H; optionally substituted alkyl; optionally substituted aralkyl; acyl; phosphonyl; —SO2R12; —C(O)R13; —C(O)OR14; —C(O)NR15R16; —C(O)CH2R17; or —C(S)—NR18R19; —S(O)R20; or —SO2NR21R22, wherein R12-R22 are each independently H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, optionally substituted aryl, or —C(O)R23, wherein R23 is H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, or optionally substituted aryl; and each R3 is independently optionally substituted alkyl, halogen, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted carboxyl, amide; amino; or nitro.

Abstract: A method comprising reacting an aluminum mineral polymorph or a gallium mineral polymorph with an acid at an aluminum metal to acid molar ratio or gallium metal to acid molar ratio sufficient to produce M13 nanoscale clusters, M nano-agglomerates, or a M13 slurry, wherein M is Al or Ga.

Abstract: Methods of treating or inhibiting inflammation in a subject include administering an anti-inflammatory protein to the subject. In some embodiments, the protein has at least 80% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 17, or fragments thereof. Isolated polypeptides, nucleic acids, and recombinant vectors including a nucleic acid encoding the anti-inflammatory protein (such as a nucleic acid encoding a protein with at least 80% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 17, or fragments thereof) operably linked to a heterologous promoter are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are host or receptor compounds that bind targets of interest. In one embodiment the compounds bind ions, such as metal ions. A compound, or a protonate or salt thereof, having the formula of: Formula IIa wherein R6 is an aminoalkoxy, alkylamino, nitro or —NH2; n is 1 or 2; each R2 is independently selected from an optionally substituted alkyl, halogen, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted carboxyl, or amide; a is 0 to 4.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments concern a phosphorus-containing heterocyclic compound. Certain embodiments, fluoresce with excitation by light. The compounds are useful as fluorescent probes and as bioisosteres. In some embodiments, the compounds are bioisosteres of carbostyils. Also disclosed is a method for making the compounds.

Abstract: A device for measuring electron orbital angular momentum states in an electron microscope includes the following components aligned sequentially in the following order along an electron beam axis: a phase unwrapper (U) that is a first electrostatic refractive optical element comprising an electrode and a conductive plate, where the electrode is aligned perpendicular to the conductive plate; a first electron lens system (L1); a phase corrector (C) that is a second electrostatic refractive optical element comprising an array of electrodes with alternating electrostatic bias; and a second electron lens system (L2). The phase unwrapper may be a needle electrode or knife edge electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of thieno-containing compounds suitable for use in electrical devices and/or electrooptical device. Also disclosed herein are methods of making the disclosed compounds, with particular embodiments of the method concerning a novel dione intermediate that may be used to make particular embodiments of the thieno-containing compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a material comprising a functionalized solid support surface, wherein the functionalization comprises a thioalkylene linker bound to the support surface and the thioalkylene linker is coupled to a moiety derived from a ligand, wherein the ligand includes a terminal alkenyl and at least one first functional group configured to bind to at least one predetermined target species.