Abstract: There is described a fluid treatment system comprising an array of independent fluid treatment reactors. The reactors are arranged in a manner whereby a flow of fluid may be passed through the array in a substantially helical direction. The fluid treatment system is capable of treating large volumes of fluid (e.g., water) while requiring a relatively small foot print. In essence, the present fluid treatment system concentrates a relatively large number of radiation sources in a relatively small amount of space resulting in the ability to treat large volumes of fluid (e.g., water).

Abstract: A fluid treatment system for placement in a flanged pipe fluid conveyance system includes: a first flanged opening and a second flanged opening in substantial alignment to define a flow axis aligned substantially parallel to a direction of fluid flow though the first opening and the second opening; and a third flanged opening comprising a first cover element. The first cover element has connected thereto at least one radiation source assembly comprising at least one elongate radiation source having a longitudinal axis substantially transverse to the flow axis. The fluid treatment system may be advantageously utilized to treat fluid such as water, e.g., municipal waste water, municipal drinking water and the like. The fluid treatment system can be readily “spliced” into existing into existing piping systems. This facilitates installation of the system and also allows for a significant lowering of manufacturing costs of the system.

Abstract: An online device and method for predicting at least one fluid flow parameter in a process (which comprises a bounded flow domain having disposed therein a pre-determined matrix) includes a computer and/or process steps whereby: (i) a memory receives a database, the database comprising location information for a plurality of nodes or particle pathways in the matrix; (ii) input data is received from the process, and (iii) the at least one fluid flow parameter is calculated from the database and the input data. Preferably, structure and/or process steps are provided to adjust the database in the event that the input data does not correspond with at least one pre-determined flow state.

Abstract: A fluid treatment device, preferably for the treatment of water, is described. The device comprises a closed housing having a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet and a fluid treatment zone disposed between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet. The fluid treatment zone comprises a first irradiation zone and a second irradiation zone. At least one fluid mixing element is interposed between the first irradiation zone and the second irradiation zone.

Abstract: A cleaning formulation comprising a cleaning agent, a particulate clay material and an aqueous carrier. The formulation has a pH less than about 4.0 and is characterized by at least a 90% reduction in viscosity at 25° C. at a shear rate of up to about 0.10 s?1. The cleaning formulation is thixotropic and has a highly desirable combination of acid stability, temperature stability, electrolyte stability and ultraviolet radiation stability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a radiation source module for use in a fluid treatment system. In one embodiment, the module comprises: a substantially elongate first support member having a longitudinal first axis; and a first pair of radiation source assemblies extending from the first support member, each radiation source assembly comprising a radiation source; wherein the first pair of radiation source assemblies is oriented such that a second axis extending through a center point of each radiation source assembly is disposed at an angle with respect to the first axis.

Abstract: A fluid treatment system is provided including a closed fluid treatment zone, at least one radiation source disposed in the fluid treatment zone to irradiate a flow of fluid, and a plurality of diffusers disposed upstream of the at least one radiation source. The plurality of diffusers define a decreasing gradient of fluid treatment zone cross-section from an upstream portion of the plurality of diffusers to a downstream portion of the plurality of diffusers. Also provided is a flat diffuser for changing flow cross section in a flow conduit.

Abstract: A radiation source module comprising a support member, a radiation source assembly connected to the support member, the radiation source assembly comprising at least one elongate radiation source having a source longitudinal axis and a module-to-surface seal disposed on a first elongate surface of the module, the first elongate surface comprising a first longitudinal axis transverse to the source longitudinal axis, the seal operable to provide a substantially fluid tight seal between the first surface and a second surface which is adjacent to the first surface. A fluid treatment system employ the radiation source module is also described.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus with cleaning rings for cleaning cylindrical bodies, preferably for the quartz cladding tubes in UV disinfection units, especially in UV disinfection sluices for waste water, which in addition to an axially parallel longitudinal movement over the outside surfaces perform an additional angularly limited and alternating rotational movement The object of the invention is a cleaning apparatus with cleaning rings for cleaning cylindrical bodies, preferably for the quartz cladding tubes in UV disinfection units, especially in UV disinfection sluices for waste water, which in addition to an axially parallel longitudinal movement over the outside surfaces perform an additional angularly limited and alternating rotational movement.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus (10) for a radiation source assembly (35) in a fluid treatment system is described. The cleaning apparatus comprise cleaning chamber (20) and a second chamber (25, 30) independent of the cleaning chamber which defines a fluid (typically water) buffer layer to obviate or mitigate cleaning fluid from the cleaning chamber leaking into the fluid being treated. The fluid treatment system is particularly useful for us in clean water applications in which ultraviolet radiation is used to treat the water while having the advantages of in situ cleaning of the radiation source when it becomes fouled.

Abstract: A radiation source module for use in a fluid treatment system. The radiation source module comprises: a frame (205) having a first support member, at least one radiation source assembly (125) extending from and in engagement with a first support member, the at least one radiation source assembly comprising at least one radiation source disposed within a protective sleeve; and an optical radiation sensor (150) disposed within the protective sleeve. The radiation source module is particularly useful in ultraviolet radiation treatment systems used to disinfect wastewater.

Abstract: A cleaning formulation for removing materials from a surface (e.g., an optical surface, a metal surface and the like), the cleaning formulation comprising from about 0.5 to about 60 weight percent of a compound derived from urea and a phosphorus-containing acid, together with a carrier therefor. A method for removing fouling materials from a surface is also described. The cleaning formulation may be used to remove materials, inter alia, from optical radiation surfaces, optical lens surfaces (e.g., a contact lens) and the like.

Abstract: An optical radiation sensor device for detecting radiation in a radiation field having a thickness. A preferred embodiment of the device includes a radiation source and a radiation sensor element positioned to receive radiation from the radiation source. A motor (or other motive means) is provided to alter the thickness of the radiation field from a first thickness to a second thickness. The sensor element is capable of detecting and responding to incident radiation from radiation source at the first thickness and at the second thickness. The optical radiation sensor device allows for determination of radiation (preferably ultraviolet radiation) transmittance of a fluid of interest.

Abstract: A sectoral ring brush with inside trimming for keeping clear and/or cleaning cylindrical bodies, preferably quartz cladding tubes in UV disinfection units, especially in UV disinfection sluices for the disinfection of waste water, characterized in that the sectoral ring brush consists of sectoral elements whose trimming can be integrated prior to the installation in a housing, with the sectoral element being fastened individually or in a connected fashion, e.g. by connecting bridges on the circumference, in a ring-shaped housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a radiation source module for use in a fluid treatment system. In one embodiment, the module comprises: a substantially elongate first support member having a longitudinal first axis; and a first pair of radiation source assemblies extending from the first support member, each radiation source assembly comprising a radiation source; wherein the first pair of radiation source assemblies is oriented such that a second axis extending through a center point of each radiation source assembly is disposed at an angle with respect to the first axis.

Abstract: It is often desirable to operate ultraviolet (UV) water treatment systems at high fluid velocities; such as, when low UV doses are required, the UV transmittance of the water being treated is high, or when a high intensity radiation source is used. The operation of an open channel UV fluid treatment system at high fluid velocity causes a disproportionate amount of water to pass through the relatively low intensity region above the top lamp. This results in non-uniform UV dose delivery and poor reactor performance. In one embodiment of the invention, by elevating the inlet to the irradiation zone of the fluid treatment system with respect to the outlet, the amount of water that passes above the top lamp can be minimized, improving overall system performance. The means of elevation can consist of a step or slope in the channel, or a combination of both. Depending on the magnitude of elevation, an increase in maximum velocity of approximately two times can be obtained.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus with cleaning rings for cleaning cylindrical bodies, preferably for the quartz cladding tubes in UV disinfection units, especially in UV disinfection sluices for waste water, which in addition to an axially parallel longitudinal movement over the outside surfaces perform an additional angularly limited and alternating rotational movement The object of the invention is a cleaning apparatus with cleaning rings for cleaning cylindrical bodies, preferably for the quartz cladding tubes in UV disinfection units, especially in UV disinfection sluices for waste water, which in addition to an axially parallel longitudinal movement over the outside surfaces perform an additional angularly limited and alternating rotational movement.

Abstract: A fluid treatment system for placement in a flanged pipe fluid conveyance system. The fluid treatment system comprises a flanged ductile iron pipe fitting. The ductile iron pipe fitting comprises: a first flanged opening and a second flanged opening in substantial alignment to define a flow axis aligned substantially parallel to a direction of fluid flow through the first opening and the second opening; and a third flanged opening comprising a first cover element. The first cover element has connected thereto at least one radiation source assembly comprising at least one elongate radiation source having a longitudinal axis substantially transverse to the flow axis. In its preferred form, the fluid treatment system may be advantageously utilized to treat fluid such as water, e.g., municipal waste water, municipal drinking water and the like.

Abstract: There is described an on-line device for predicting at least one fluid flow parameter in a process. In embodiment, the process in question comprises a flow domain having disposed therein a pre-determined portion in which a fluid flows and the device comprises a computer having: (i) a memory for receiving a database, the database comprising relative information in respect of a plurality of nodes or a plurality of particle pathways in the pre-determined portion; (ii) means to receive input data from the process, and (iii) means to calculate the at least one fluid flow parameter from the database and the input data.

Abstract: A radiation source module comprising a support member, a radiation source assembly connected to the support member, the radiation source assembly comprising at least one elongate radiation source having a source longitudinal axis and a module-to-surface seal disposed on a first elongate surface of the module, the first elongate surface comprising a first longitudinal axis transverse to the source longitudinal axis, the seal operable to provide a substantially fluid tight seal between the first surface and a second surface which is adjacent to the first surface. A fluid treatment system employ the radiation source module is also described.