Abstract: A fluid level control system, particularly useful for controlling the level of water flowing in an open channel. The fluid level control system includes a gate having a flap portion interconnected to a lever portion. The flap portion is rotatable about a first pivot point. The system further includes a frame which is fixed with respect to the flap portion. A linkage interconnects the flap portion and the lever portion, and is connected to the frame at a second pivot point different than the first pivot point. Under changing flow conditions in the channel, the present system operates by both: (i) absolute movement of the lever portion and the flap portion, and (ii) relative movement between the lever portion and the flap portion. A fluid treatment system and a method for controlling the level of a flowing fluid may also use such a fluid level control system.

Abstract: A cleaning formulation comprising a cleaning agent, a particulate clay material and an aqueous carrier. The formulation has a pH less than about 4.0 and is characterized by at least a 90% reduction in viscosity at 25° C. at a shear rate of up to about 0.10 s−1. The cleaning formulation is thixotropic and has a highly desirable combination of acid stability, temperature stability, electrolyte stability and ultraviolet radiation stability.

Abstract: A fluid treatment device, preferably for the treatment of water, is described. The device comprises a closed housing having a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet and a fluid treatment zone disposed between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet. The fluid treatment zone comprises a first irradiation zone and a second irradiation zone. At least one fluid mixing element is interposed between the first irradiation zone and the second irradiation zone.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved radiation source module having a power supply adapted to be at least partially immersed in a fluid being treated. In one embodiment, the power supply is partly immersed in the fluid being treated. In another embodiment, the power supply is fully submersible in the fluid being treated. A fluid treatment system comprising the radiation source module is also described.

Abstract: A fluid level control system, particularly useful for controlling the level of water flowing in an open channel. The fluid level control system includes a gate having a flap port on interconnected to a lever portion. The flap portion is rotatable about a first pivot point. The system further includes a frame which is fixed with respect to the flap portion. A linkage interconnects the flap portion and the lever portion, and is connected to the frame at a second pivot point different than the first pivot point. Under changing flow conditions in the channel, the present system operates by both: (i) absolute movement of the lever portion and the flap portion, and (ii) relative movement between the lever portion and the flap portion. A fluid treatment system and a method for controlling the level of a flowing fluid may also use such a fluid level control system.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus for use in a fluid treatment system comprising a radiation source assembly, the cleaning apparatus comprising: at least one cleaning sleeve (300) in sliding engagement with the exterior of the radiation source assembly (150); a cleaning chamber (310) disposed in the at least one cleaning sleeve in contact with a portion of the exterior of the radiation source assembly (150) and for being supplied with a cleaning solution, the cleaning chamber comprising an opening (370) to an exterior of the cleaning sleeve; a pressure equalization member (355) disposed in the opening to provide a seal between the opening and the exterior of the cleaning sleeve, the pressure equalization member being movable in response to a pressure gradient thereacross; and drive means to translate the at least one cleaning sleeve along the exterior of the radiation source assembly. A fluid treatment device comprise the cleaning apparatus is also described.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus for a radiation source assembly in a fluid treatment system is described. The cleaning apparatus comprises: a carriage movable with respect to an exterior of the radiation source assembly; at least one cleaning sleeve in sliding engagement with the exterior of the radiation source assembly, the at least one cleaning sleeve being moveable with respect to the carriage; and drive means coupled to the carriage to translate the carriage whereby the at least one cleaning sleeve is translated over the exterior of the radiation source assembly. A radiation source module comprising the cleaning apparatus is also disclosed. The radiation source module is particularly useful for ultraviolet radiation of wastewater while having the advantages of in situ cleaning of the radiation source when it becomes fouled. Radiation source replacement is also facilitated.

Abstract: A cleaning formulation comprising a cleaning agent, a particulate clay material and an aqueous carrier. The formulation has a pH less than about 4.0 and is characterized by at least a 90% reduction in viscosity at 25° C. at a shear rate of up to about 0.10 s−1. The cleaning formulation is thixotropic and has a highly desirable combination of acid stability, temperature stability, electrolyte stability and ultraviolet radiation stability.

Abstract: A cleaning formulation comprising a cleaning agent, a particulate clay material and an aqueous carrier. In a preferred embodiment, the formulation has a pH less than about 1.0 and is characterized by: (i) at least a 90% reduction in viscosity at 25° C. at a shear rate of up to about 0.10 s−1, and (ii) a substantially unchanged viscosity for a period of at least 60 days. The cleaning formulation is thixotropic and has a highly desirable combination of acid stability, temperature stability, electrolyte stability and ultraviolet radiation stability.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved radiation source module having a power supply adapted to be at least partially immersed in a fluid being treated. In one embodiment, the power supply is partly immersed in the fluid being treated. In another embodiment, the power supply is fully submersible in the fluid being treated. A fluid treatment system comprising the radiation source module is also described.

Abstract: An on-line device for predicting at least one fluid flow parameter in a process includes structure and/or function whereby a flow domain has disposed therein a pre-determined portion in which a fluid flows. Preferably, the device includes a computer having: (i) a memory for receiving a database, the database including relative information in respect of a plurality of nodes or a plurality of particle pathways in the pre-determined portion; (ii) structure to receive input data from the process, and (iii) structure to calculate the at least one fluid flow parameter from the database and the input data. The device is particularly advantageously employed as a UV dosimeter.

Abstract: There is described a fluid treatment system comprising an array of independent fluid treatment reactors. The reactors are arranged in a manner whereby a flow of fluid may be passed through the array in a substantially helical direction. The fluid treatment system is capable of treating large volumes of fluid (e.g., water) while requiring a relatively small foot print. In essence, the present fluid treatment system concentrates a relatively large number of radiation sources in a relatively small amount of space resulting in the ability to treat large volumes of fluid (e.g., water).

Abstract: There is disclosed an optical radiation sensor system. The system includes a sensor device and a cleaning device. The sensor device detects and responds to radiation from a radiation field and includes a surface that is movable with respect to the radiation field between a first position in which the surface is in the radiation field and a second position in which at least a portion of the surface is out of the radiation field. The cleaning device operates to remove fouling materials from at least a portion of the surface in the second position. The cleaning device may be a chemical cleaning device, a mechanical cleaning device or a combined chemical/mechanical device.

Abstract: An optical radiation sensor device includes a radiation collector for receiving radiation from a predefined arc around the collector within the field and redirecting the received radiation along a predefined pathway; motive means to move the radiation collector from a first position in which a first portion of the predefined arc is received by the radiation collector and a second position in which a second portion of the predefined arc is received by the radiation collector; and a sensor element capable of detecting and responding to incident radiation along the pathway when the radiation collector is in the first position and in the second. The use of the optical radiation sensor device in a radiation source module and in a fluid treatment system is also described.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved radiation source module having a power supply adapted to be at least partially immersed in a fluid being treated. In one embodiment, the power supply is partly immersed in the fluid being treated. In another embodiment, the power supply is fully submersible in the fluid being treated. A fluid treatment system comprising the radiation source module is also described.

Abstract: A fluid treatment device, particularly useful for ultraviolet radiation treatment of fluids such as water. The device comprises a housing for receiving a flow of fluid. The housing has a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a fluid treatment zone disposed between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet and at least one radiation source having a longitudinal axis disposed in the fluid treatment zone substantially transverse to a direction of the flow of fluid through the housing. The fluid inlet, the fluid outlet and the fluid treatment zone are arranged substantially collinearly with respect to one another. The fluid inlet has a first opening having: (i) a cross-sectional area less than a cross-sectional area of the fluid treatment zone, and (ii) a largest diameter substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the at least one radiation source assembly.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus for showing special characters or figures on a rotating disk. A sensor (e.g. spectrum sensor, metal sensor, magnetic field sensor, mechanical contact sensor and sound sensor) and a plurality of light fittings (e.g. bulbs, light-emitting diodes) are fitted to the rotating disk. The sensor detects the surroundings with inconsistency so that different sensed signals at different points are created when the sensor turns around the central axis once. By deciding the fixing points of the repetitive signals, the rotational cycle of the rotating disk is obtained. After analyzing the rotational cycle, different light fittings on the rotating disk light up at different delay time point. In cooperation with the persistency of vision of human eyes, the preset complicate figures and characters are therefore shown on the displaying surface of the rotating disk when it rotates.

Abstract: A radiation source module comprising a support member, a radiation source assembly connected to the support member and a seal disposed on a first surface of the module, the seal operable to provide a substantially fluid tight seal between the first surface and a second surface which is adjacent to the first surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and method for accomplishing fluid disinfection by passing fluid flow through a uniform array of ultraviolet lamps having cross sections perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow that define channels for the fluid flow. Positioned next to the end of each lamp at the entrance of the fluid flow are triangular shaped delta wings having surfaces inclined at an angle to the direction of fluid flow. The interaction of the fluid flow with each delta wing creates a pair of vortices that rotate in the same direction or in directions opposed to each other. The counter-rotating vortices reinforce each other to minimize dissipation of their mixing strength as they move down the channel. Due to these co-reinforcing properties these counter-rotating vortices more promote efficient mixing of the fluid which is required to achieve more efficient use of the light in the UV disinfection systems, along with heat and/or mass transfer in chemical reactions.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus for a radiation source assembly in a fluid treatment system is described. The cleaning system comprises: a cleaning sleeve comprising a cleaning ring for engagement with a portion of the exterior of the radiation source assembly; a slidable member magnetically coupled to the cleaning sleeve, the slidable member being disposed on and slidable with respect to a rodless cylinder; and motive means to translate the slidable member along the rodless cylinder whereby the cleaning sleeve is translated over the exterior of the radiation source assembly. A radiation source module comprising the cleaning apparatus is also disclosed. The radiation source module is particularly useful for ultraviolet radiation of wastewater while having the advantages of in situ cleaning of the radiation source as when it becomes fouled.