Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a means for improving catalytic performance of a catalyst for exhaust gas purification. The invention relates to a catalyst for exhaust gas purification, containing a first catalyst layer and a second catalyst layer sequentially laminated onto a three-dimensional structure, in which the first catalyst layer contains rhodium, the second catalyst layer contains palladium, strontium, and alumina, the strontium content in the second catalyst layer (in terms of strontium oxide) per 1 liter of the three-dimensional structure is more than 0 g/L and less than 15 g/L, and the catalyst for exhaust gas purification has a pore volume of pores having a pore size of 2 nm or more and 40 nm or less of more than 0.26 mL/g in a pore volume distribution measured by nitrogen adsorption method.

Abstract: The invention relates to the synthesis and provision of a new class of volatile metal organic compounds based on bis(alkylimine)glyoxal and bis(dialkylhydrazone)glyoxal ligands in combination with cyclopentadienide and alkyl ligands for use in ALD and CVD processes.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the recovery of metals such as Ni and Co from a Li-containing starting material. In particular, this process concerns the recovery of metals M from a Li-containing starting material, wherein M comprises Ni and Co, comprising the steps of: Step 1: Providing said starting material, comprising Li-ion batteries or their derived products; Step 2: Removing Li in an amount of more than the maximum of (1) 30% of the Li present in said starting material, and (2) a percentage of the Li present in said starting material determined to obtain a Li:M ratio of less than 0.70 in a subsequent acidic leaching step; Step 3: Subsequent leaching using relative amounts of Li-depleted product and a mineral acid, thereby obtaining a Ni- and Co-bearing solution; and, Step 4: Crystallization of Ni, Co, and optionally Mn.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns a process for the recovery of valuable metals from polymetallic nodules. A two-stage process using SO2 in an acidic aqueous media is disclosed. In a first step, performed in mildly acidic conditions, Mn, Ni, and Co are dissolved; in a second, more acidic step, Cu is dissolved. Under these conditions, the leachate of the first step contains most of the Mn, Ni, and Co, while being nearly Cu-free. The Ni and Co are precipitated as sulfides; the Mn can be recovered as sulfate by crystallization. Cu, which is leached in the second step, is selectively precipitated, also as sulfide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a particulate filter for removing particles, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas from internal combustion engines operated with a stoichiometric air-fuel mixture. Two coatings Y and Z are located in the porous walls and are present from the first end of the wall-flow filter over the entire length L of the particulate filter. Both contain active alumina, at least one cerium-zirconium-rare earth metal mixed oxide and at least one platinum group metal.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the recovery of cobalt from cobalt-bearing materials, in particular from cobalt-bearing lithium-ion secondary batteries, from the spent batteries, or from their scrap. A process is divulged for the recovery of cobalt from cobalt-bearing materials, comprising the steps of: providing a converter furnace, charging slag formers and one or more of copper matte, copper-nickel matte, and impure alloy into the furnace, and injecting an oxidizing gas so as to smelt the charge in oxidizing conditions, thereby obtaining a molten bath comprising a crude metal phase, and a cobalt-bearing slag, and separating the crude metal from the cobalt-bearing slag, characterized in that the cobalt-bearing materials are charged into the furnace. This process is particularly suitable for recycling cobalt-bearing lithium-ion secondary batteries.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the purification of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine operated predominantly with a stoichiometric fuel mixture. The exhaust gas system has in particular 4 purification functions in a particular order. A three-way catalyst (TWC1) near the engine is followed by a gasoline particle filter (GPF) and another three-way catalyst (TWC2) downstream thereof. The system additionally includes a hydrocarbon storage function.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a particulate filter which comprises a wall-flow filter of length L and two different catalytically active coatings Y and Z, wherein the wall flow filter comprises channels E and A that extend in parallel between a first and a second end of the wall-flow filter and are separated by porous walls which form the surfaces OE and OA, respectively, and wherein the channels E are closed at the second end and the channels A are closed at the first end. The invention is characterized in that the coating Y is located in the channels E on the surfaces OE and the coating Z is located in the porous walls.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a process and an apparatus for the production of glass-fiber paper composites. The process and apparatus of the invention analyze the color of the composite in order to monitor the curing condition of the composite and regulate the processing accordingly.

Abstract: The Invention relates to a simple two-step method of making highly pure compounds of formula 1a with n being 1 or 2 and M being ruthenium or molybdenum and R being a linear or branched alkyl with 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 9 carbon atoms from starting materials readily available.

Abstract: Subject of the invention is an exhaust gas purification system for a gasoline engine, comprising in consecutive order the following devices: a first three-way-catalyst (TWC1), a gasoline particulate filter (GPF) and a second three-way-catalyst (TWC2), wherein the wash coat load (WCL) of the GPF is greater than the WCL of the TWC2, wherein the WCL is determined in g/l of the volume of the device. The invention also relates to methods in which the system is used and uses of the system.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the purification of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine operated predominantly with a stoichiometric fuel mixture. The exhaust system has in particular 4 purification functions in a particular order. A three-way catalyst (TWC1) near the engine is followed by a gasoline particle filter (GPF) and another three-way catalyst (TWC2) downstream thereof. The system additionally includes an ammonia storage function.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the purification of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine operated predominantly with a stoichiometric fuel mixture. The exhaust system has in particular 4 purification functions in a particular order. A three-way catalyst (TWC1) near the engine is followed by a gasoline particle filter (GPF) and another three-way catalyst (TWC2) downstream thereof. The system additionally has a nitrogen oxide storage function.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing complexes of precious metals, in particular platinum, which have at least one organo-dihydroazulenyl ligand. The invention also relates to complexes of precious metals, in particular platinum, which have at least one organo-dihydroazulenyl ligand and to the use of the aforementioned metal complexes as precatalysts or catalysts in a chemical reaction or as precursor compounds for producing a layer which contains a precious metal, in particular platinum, or a metal layer consisting of a precious metal, in particular platinum, in particular on at least one surface of a substrate. The invention additionally relates to a substrate, in particular a substrate which can be obtained according to such a method. The invention also relates to a crosslinkable silicon composition comprising at least one compound with aliphatic carbon-carbon multi-bonds, at least one compound with Si-bonded hydrogen atoms, and at least one platinum (IV) complex of the aforementioned type.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing compounds of the general formula MAYn(AzuH) (I), where MA=alkali metal, Y=neutral ligand, n=0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. AzuH is azulene (bicyclo[5.3.0]decapentaene) or an azulene derivative that bears a hydride anion H? in the 4, 6 or 8 position in addition to an H atom. The invention additionally provides compounds obtainable by this method, and a method using such compounds for preparation of complexes of metals of groups 6 to 12. The invention further relates to complexes of middle and later transition metals (groups 6 to 12) which each have at least one H-dihydroazulenyl anion (AzuH)1?, and to the use of all the aforementioned transition metal complexes as precatalysts or catalysts or electron transfer reagents in a chemical reaction or as precursor compounds for production of a layer containing a metal M, or of a metal layer consisting of the metal M, especially on at least one surface of a substrate.

Abstract: Metal complexes of formula (I) are described: [M(L1)x(L2)y(hydra)z]n??formula (I) wherein: M=metal atom having an atomic number selected from the ranges a) through c): a) 12, 21 to 34, with the exception of 30, b) 39 to 52, with the exception of 48, c) 71 to 83, with the exception of 80, L1=neutral or anionic ligand, with x=0 or 1, L2=neutral or anionic ligand, with y=0 or 1, (hydra)=acetone dimethylhydrazone monoanion, with z=1, 2, or 3, n=1 or 2, and the total charge of the complex is 0.

Abstract: A process is divulged for recovering metals from a metal-bearing material containing, in oxidized form, more than 1% of Co, a total of Co and Ni of more than 15%, and more than 1% Mg, comprising smelting said metal-bearing material in a bath furnace together with slag formers, thereby producing an alloy phase with more than 80% of the Co, and less than 1% of the Mg, and a slag phase, by applying reducing smelting conditions, and by selecting CaO, SiO2, and Al2O3 as slag formers, in amounts to obtain a final slag composition according to the ratio's 0.25<SiO2/Al2O3<2.5, 0.5<SiO2/CaO<2.5, and MgO>10%; and separating the alloy phase from the slag phase. This process ensures quantitative recovery of Co in an alloy phase along with other metals such as Ni, while collecting Mg into a slag.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for coating wall-flow filters. It also relates to correspondingly produced wall-flow filters and to their use in exhaust gas cleaning.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wall-flow filter as a particle filter with catalytically active coatings in the channels which are closed in a gas-tight manner at the opposing closed ends of the channels A at the first end, wherein the inlet region of the filter is additionally supplied with a dry powder-gas aerosol which contains metal compounds with a high melting point (such as the metal oxides Al2O3, SiO2, FeO2, TiO2, ZnO2, etc. for example) and which is to simultaneously improve the catalytic activity and the degree of filtration efficiency with respect to the exhaust gas back-pressure.

Abstract: A powderous positive electrode material for lithium ion batteries, comprising crystalline lithium transition metal-based oxide particles having a general formula Li1+a ((Niz (Ni0.5Mn0.5)y Cox)1?k Ak)1?a O2, wherein A is a dopant, ?0.030?a?0.025, 0.10?x?0.40, 0.25?z?0.52, x+y+z=1 and k?0.01, wherein the crystalline powder has a crystallite size less than 33 nm as determined by the Scherrer equation based on the peak of the (104) plane obtained from the X-ray diffraction pattern using a Cu K ? radiation source, and wherein the molar ratio MR(Ni) of Ni versus the total transition metal content in a cross section of a particle is higher in the surface area than in the center area of the particle, as determined by EDS analysis.