Abstract: A fast response temperature probe which may be used for a method for measuring an instantaneous temperature of a periodically changing fluid flow within a gas turbine is proposed. The temperature probe includes a substrate and a resistive element arranged at a surface of the substrate. Therein, at least at a surface of the substrate contacting the resistive element, the substrate comprises an insulating material having a thermal product of less than 1.5 kJ/(m2K sqrt(s)). The substrate or at least its surface is made from polyamide-imide such as for example fibre-reinforced Torlon© 5030. The temperature probe may allow measurements of instantaneous local temperatures of very fast fluctuations of more than 50 kHz at high spatial resolutions of, e.g., less than 0.5 mm2. The instantaneous temperature of a periodically changing fluid flow may be determined by correlating first and second sets of temperature measurements taking into account the periodicity of the periodically changing fluid flow.

Abstract: The invention refers to a device (1) for decoding an optical multi-level DPSK signal (E), the device (1) comprising: means for receiving the multi-level DPSK signal (E); at least two means (3) for transforming optical multi-level DPSK signals (E) into corresponding analog electrical signals (i); means (2) for splitting up the received multi-level DPSK signal (E) into at least two optical multi-level DPSK signals (E0), one for each of the opto-electrical transforming means (3); means (8) for processing electrical signals (i, e); and at least two means (6) for transforming the analog electrical signals (i) into corresponding electrical logical binary signals (e). In order to provide multi-level DPSK receiver (1) with a reduced complexity, it is suggested that concerning the signal flow within the device (1) the analog-to-logical-binary transformation means (6) are disposed before the processing means (8) and that the processing means (8) process electrical logical binary signals (e).

Abstract: A solar cell comprising a base layer of p-doped silicon and an emitter layer of n-doped silicon, where an electrode is arranged regionally on the emitter layer and optionally it passivation layer is arranged regionally on the back surface of the base layer and a layer of a dielectric, the entire area of which is covered with a metal layer, is arranged regionally thereon, where the metal layer is in electrically conducting contact via an interlayer with the base layer over the regions not covered by the layer of dielectric and the interlayer comprises a mixed phase from the material of the passivation layer and the material of the metal layer. The present invention further relates to a method of production of said solar cell.

Abstract: An interferometric confocal method and assembly for terabyte volume optical data memories couples two-beam spectral interferometry to chromatic confocal technology and permits a longitudinal splitting of foci in the memory volume, with the foci having limited diffraction. A spectrometer is located downstream of the interferometer with confocal discrimination in the beam path. A diffractive optical zone lens (DOZE) with a usage of the first diffraction order is introduced into the interferometric beam path to achieve longitudinal chromatic splitting. The interferometer can be a fiber-coupled interferometer with a retroreflector in the fiber-coupled reference arm and with wavelength-dependent optical path difference modification by dispersion or diffraction. The optical path difference in the interferometer is set so that easily detectable wavelets are formed from detectable interferograms by spectral analysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for setting up a mobile machine (1), particularly an automatic concrete pump, a mobile crane or a movable elevating work platform. With such a method, the subsurface (28) of a site is analyzed for the properties and/or load-bearing capacity thereof before the machine (10) is positioned there and/or oriented and supported by means of flarable supporting legs (20, 24) in set-up positions (VR, VL, HR, HL) suitable according to the determined subsurface properties and load-bearing capacity. In order to determine an optimized set-up position for the supporting legs (20, 24), geodata (38) of a geographic environment that includes the site is read via a computer in a data memory (44) using a layer of subsurface data (40) that defines the subsurface properties and load-bearing capacity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ligand which specifically binds to the human tumor necrosis factor type 1 receptor (huTNFR1), the ligand comprising one or more amino acid sequences of human origin capable of reducing the immunogenic response of the ligand in human beings and one or more amino acid sequences capable of selectively binding to huTNFR1. The present invention further relates to a nucleic acid encoding said ligand and to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of disorders connected to huTNFR1.

Abstract: A flow surface (16), e.g. on a swept aircraft wing, has a three-dimensional boundary-layer flow. The surface is defined by a spanwise direction (z) and a chordwise direction (x). In or on the flow surface excitation locations (22) are arranged, exciting primary disturbances. The disclosure is characterized in that the excitation locations (22) are arranged such that benign steady primary disturbances are excited and maintained on a sufficiently-high amplitude level as longitudinal vortices respectively crossflow vortices, suppressing naturally growing nocent primary disturbances by a non-linear physical mechanism. The benign primary disturbances preserve a laminar flow, such that unsteady secondary disturbances, which may initiate turbulence and which, otherwise, are excited in streamwise direction by nocent primary vortices, are suppressed or at least stabilized.

Abstract: A metamaterial having a negative refractive index is presented, which has a dielectric carrier material (12; 48), first electrically conductive sections (14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4) and second electrically conductive sections (16.1, 16.2). The metamaterial is distinguished by the fact that the dielectric carrier material (12; 48) is realized as a volume which consists of one piece and which has at least one inner area which is prestructured by positive or negative rib or mesa structures (52.1, 52.2) in the dielectric carrier material (48) and is covered with first sections (14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4) and second sections (16.1, 16.2) in such a way that the first sections form capacitive series impedances upon illumination with an electromagnetic wave having a specific propagation direction and polarization, while the second sections are arranged in such a way that they form inductive shunt impedances upon the illumination.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for monitoring the breakdown of a pn junction in a semiconductor component and to a semiconductor component adapted to carrying out said method. According to the method, optical radiation which is emitted if a breakdown occurs on a pn junction is detected by a photosensitive electronic component (8) integrated into the semiconductor component. The supply of the pn junction is controlled according to the detected radiation to prevent a complete breakdown during operation of the semiconductor component. The method according to the invention and the semiconductor component adapted thereto permit the operating range of the semiconductor component to be extended and the power output to be increased without the risk of destruction.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention relates to systems and methods for dynamically detecting and visualizing actions and/or events in video data streams. In one embodiment, a method involves dynamically detecting and extracting objects and attributes relating to the objects from a video data stream by using action recognition filtering for attribute detection and time series analysis for relation detection among the extracted objects. In addition, the method may involve dynamically generating a multi-field video visualization along a time axis by depicting the video data stream as a series of frames at a relatively sparse or dense interval, and by continuously rendering the attributes relating to the objects with substantially continuous abstract illustrations.

Abstract: An H.F. power amplifier is disclosed having a plurality of branches (10, 11, 12) switched in parallel. Each branch comprises a plurality of amplifier elements (T1, T4) switched in series. Resistors (R2, R5) enable the voltage (U_DS) applied to the amplifier elements (T1, T4) to be set at a fraction of a supply voltage (Ud) applied to the branches (10, 11, 12). Capacitors (C2, C4) are used to adjust the source impedance of the amplifier elements (T2, T4). In order to prevent the gate-drain voltage (U_GD) from exceeding the breakdown voltage of an amplifier element (T1, T4) and damaging the amplifier element (T1, T4), a limiting path (7) is connected according to the invention between the gate terminal (G) and the drain terminal (D) of the amplifier element (T1, T4), the limiting path (7) being switchable between a conducting state and a blocking state depending on the gate-drain voltage (U_GD).

Abstract: Less conventional sources of hydrocarbon feedstocks such as oil sands, tar sands and shale oils are being exploited. These feedstocks generate a larger amount of heavy oil, gas oil, asphaltene products and the like containing multiple fused aromatic ring compounds. These multiple fused aromatic ring compounds can be converted into feed for a hydrocarbon cracker by first hydrogenating at least one ring in the compounds and subjecting the resulting compound to a ring opening and cleavage reaction. The resulting product comprises lower paraffins suitable for feed to a cracker, higher paraffins suitable for example as a gasoline fraction and mono aromatic ring compounds (e.g. BTX) that may be further treated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing series-connected solar cells, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a substrate is introduced into at least one deposition chamber, at least one material layer is deposited on the substrate or a material layer which has already been applied in the deposition chamber, where in the substrate is applied to a bearing surface, which is curved in the direction of a depositing device, in the deposition chamber, wherein the substrate is flexible and is mechanically prestressed or is curved in a manner corresponding to the bearing surface and the applied layer is patterned using at least one tensioned wire which rests against the substrate, which has been applied to the curved bearing surface, with a defined force and shades the applied material layer or the substrate from the depositing device and thus patterns the material layer to be applied.

Abstract: A metamaterial having a negative refractive index is presented, which has a dielectric carrier material (12; 48), first electrically conductive sections (14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4) and second electrically conductive sections (16.1, 16.2). The metamaterial is distinguished by the fact that the dielectric carrier material (12; 48) is realized as a volume which consists of one piece and which has at least one inner area which is prestructured by positive or negative rib or mesa structures (52.1, 52.2) in the dielectric carrier material (48) and is covered with first sections (14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4) and second sections (16.1, 16.2) in such a way that the first sections form capacitive series impedances upon illumination with an electromagnetic wave having a specific propagation direction and polarization, while the second sections are arranged in such a way that they form inductive shunt impedances upon the illumination.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an object-based processor architecture which allows exact pointer identification by strictly separating pointers and data from one another in the memory and in the processor registers. The access to the memory is performed exclusively via pointers which refer to objects. An object contains separate areas for pointers and data and an attribute field for describing the length of the two areas. Both the pointers in the pointer registers and also the pointers in the pointer areas of the objects directly contain the address of the objects to which they refer. The suggested processor architecture allows the integration of automatic garbage collection, which may be implemented completely or partially in hardware. A real-time capable garbage collection may be implemented especially efficiently through hardware support.

Abstract: A method for the biodegradation of nitroaromatic-containing wastewater, including: (a) providing activated sludge as biological matrix, (b) adding a nitroaromatic-degrading microorganism to the activated sludge, (c) adding nitroaromatic-containing wastewater to the material of step (b) and (d) adding at least one carbon source which is more readily utilizable than the nitroaromatic to be degraded to the material of step (c).

Abstract: The invention refers to a device (1) for decoding an optical multi-level DPSK signal (E), the device (1) comprising: means for receiving the multi-level DPSK signal (E); at least two means (3) for transforming optical multi-level DPSK signals (E) into corresponding analog electrical signals (i); means (2) for splitting up the received multi-level DPSK signal (E) into at least two optical multi-level DPSK signals (E0), one for each of the opto-electrical transforming means (3); means (8) for processing electrical signals (i, e); and at least two means (6) for transforming the analog electrical signals (i) into corresponding electrical logical binary signals (e). In order to provide multi-level DPSK receiver (1) with a reduced complexity, it is suggested that concerning the signal flow within the device (1) the analog-to-logical-binary transformation means (6) are disposed before the processing means (8) and that the processing means (8) process electrical logical binary signals (e).

Abstract: An interferometric confocal method and assembly for terabyte volume optical data memories couples two-beam spectral interferometry to chromatic confocal technology and permits a longitudinal splitting of foci in the memory volume, with the foci having limited diffraction. A spectrometer is located downstream of the interferometer with confocal discrimination in the beam path. A diffractive optical zone lens (DOZE) with a usage of the first diffraction order is introduced into the interferometric beam path to achieve longitudinal chromatic splitting. The interferometer can be a fibre-coupled interferometer with a retroreflector in the fibre-coupled reference arm and with wavelength-dependent optical path difference modification by dispersion or diffraction. The optical path difference in the interferometer is set so that easily detectable wavelets are formed from detectable interferograms by spectral analysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to functional elements that comprise, disposed on a support, microstructures containing biofunctionalized nanoparticles, methods for producing these functional elements and use of the same.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a rec-hydantoin-racemase from Arthrobacter aurescens DSM 3747. Furthermore, the gene encoding for the racemase and plasmids, vectors and microorganisms comprising this gene are to be protected. Use in a process for the production of amino carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof.