Abstract: A method for modifying a refractive property of ocular tissue in an eye by creating at least one optically-modified gradient index (GRIN) layer in the corneal stroma and/or the crystalline by continuously scanning a continuous stream of laser pulses having a focal volume from a laser having a known average power along a continuous line having a smoothly changing refractive index within the tissue, and varying either or both of the scan speed and the laser average power during the scan. The method may further involve determining a desired vision correction adjustment, and determining a position, number, and design parameters of gradient index (GRIN) layers to be created within the ocular tissue to provide the desired vision correction.

Abstract: A method for modifying the refractive index of an optical, polymeric material. The method comprises irradiating select regions of the optical, polymeric material with a focused, visible or near-IR laser having a pulse energy from 0.05 nJ to 1000 nJ. The irradiation results in the formation of refractive optical structures, which exhibit little or no scattering loss. The method can he used to modify the refractive index of an intraocular lens following the surgical implantation of the intraocular lens in a human eye. The invention is also directed to an optical device comprising refractive optical structures, which exhibit little or no scattering loss and are characterized by a positive change in refractive index.

Abstract: A system and method for rehabilitation and recovery using adaptive surface electromyographic sensing and visualization is disclosed. The system uses surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors to identify signals of intent from patients with physical disabilities and then uses these signals to interact with a computer system designed to create repetitive practice In a manner that promotes neurological recovery. A machine teaming module analyses body signals picked up during patient movement attempts and converts these body signals to a visual representation of the intended movement by way of a virtual body or virtual body part displayed on a computer display, display glasses, or the like. The system thus allows for very early patient therapy, providing early benefits to rehabilitation therapy not heretofore possible. The virtual reality or augmented reality environment provides a patient with very early visual reinforcement of beneficial muscle activation patterns.

Abstract: An image processing method for determining and reporting a velocity of a plurality of objects in a space-time image includes: providing an imager to acquire a plurality of images of a line; receiving a plurality of images; generating a space-time image from the plurality of images of the line; applying a mask to a subset image of the space-time image to provide a masked subset area; generating a rotational look up table of intensity values of pixels of columns and rows of the masked subset area; generating a radon transform for each subset image; computing a velocity of a plurality of objects in the subset image based on the radon transform; repeating the step of applying a mask to the step of computing a velocity; and displaying the velocity of a plurality of objects overlaying the space-time image substantially in real-time as the plurality of images are acquired.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to materials processing methods using femtosecond duration laser pulses, and to the altered materials obtained by such methods. The resulting nanostructured (with or without macro- and micro-structuring) materials have a variety of applications, including, for example, aesthetic applications for jewelry or ornamentation; biomedical applications related to biocompatibility; catalysis applications; and modification of, for example, the optical and hydrophilic properties of materials including selective coloring.

Abstract: A light guide includes a light guide layer having a transversely oriented side-end surface that forms a primary output aperture (exit) for light traveling in a forward propagation direction out of the end surface of the light guide (for, e.g., CPV applications) and, which forms a primary input aperture (entrance) for light traveling in a rearward propagation direction into the end surface of the light guide (for, e.g., illuminator applications). A light collection and concentration system includes a light guide apparatus, a light-transmitting medium layer disposed immediately adjacent the single light guide apparatus, and a light concentrator component of multiple optical array layers disposed adjacent the light transmitting medium layer, which is in optical registration with a light injection layer of the light guide apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of assessing in vivo human glial cell response to pathogenic infection that involves providing a non-human mammal either with at least 30% of its glial cells in its corpus callosum being human glial cells and/or with at least 5% of its glial cells its brain and brain stem white matter being human glial cells, subjecting the non-human mammal to pathogenic infection and assessing the in vivo human glial cell response to pathogenic infection. A method of identifying therapeutic agents for the pathogenic infection as well as forms of the non-human mammal having a pathogenic brain infection are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for imaging retinal structures involves offsetting an imaging aperture from the center of the reflected/scattered light distribution. Images are obtained with the imaging aperture at multiple offsets with respect to the center. The various obtained images are co-registered to a reference confocal image in a reference wavelength and averaged to generate high signal to noise ratio images. The images may be combined in various ways to enhance the contrast of retinal structures that would not be visible in confocal images.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the progressive potential of a disease is disclosed. The forward to backward propagating second harmonic generation signal derived from a second harmonic generation instrument is used to assess the collagen microstructure of imaged body tissue by way of numerical values that are in turn used to determine the progressive or metastatic potential of the disease. The disease may, for example, be a cancer such as breast cancer, lung fibrosis, colorectal adenocarcinoma, or the like. The apparatus may include in vivo instruments or laboratory diagnostic instruments with methods disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to enhancing mechanical properties of tissue such as collagenous or collagen-containing or elastin-containing tissue (e.g., tendons, ligaments, and cartilage) and treating related musculoskeletal and non-musculoskeletal conditions or injuries.

Abstract: Digital cloaking is a method for practical cloaking, where space, angle, spectrum and phase are discretized. At the sacrifice of spatial resolution, a good approximation to an ideal cloak can be achieved—a cloak that is omnidirectional, broadband, and operational for the visible spectrum, three-dimensional (3D), and phase-matching for the light field, among other attributes. One example of a digital cloak is an active cloak that uses lenticular lenses, similar to integral imaging for 3D displays. With the continuing improvement in commercial digital technology, the resolution limitations of a digital cloak may be minimized, and a wearable cloak can be implemented.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to blood dotting compositions comprising platelet microparticles, method of using said compositions, and methods of preparing the same.

Abstract: A surgical visualization and medical imaging device and related computer based imaging methods and systems are disclosed. The surgical devices of the present invention use indocyanine green dye combined with a plastic, and are used in enhanced surgical imaging in applications such as robotically assisted surgeries. A near infrared light source, such as an 805 nm laser, may be used to excite the surgical device so that the device emits 835 nm light. Both the excitation and emission wavelengths penetrate tissue and blood, and provide enhanced imaging of surgical procedures. The resulting fluorescence image allows a user to readily determine relative tissue depth, to identify tissue inhomogeneity, to detect masses or tissue irregularities, to pinpoint anatomical holes, and to visualize tears.

Abstract: This invention relates to treating gastrointestinal dysfunction with erythropoietin (EPO) or its analog.

Abstract: An ophthalmic imaging system for imaging an axial and lateral point-spread of light distribution pattern of light reflected from a surface of an animal or human eye includes an ophthalmic imaging apparatus adapted to generate an illumination light of a surface of the eye. A detection arm includes a digital micromirror device (DMD) having an array of mirror facets. A first detector is disposed to receive a first portion of the axial and lateral point-spread of light distribution of light, and one or a plurality of additional detectors are disposed to receive a light from one or a plurality of different portions of the axial and lateral point-spread of light distribution pattern of light. A detection arm, a method for imaging axial and lateral point-spread of light distribution components, and a method for auto-centering a distribution pattern in an imaging plane of a DMD device are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides, in certain aspects, novel 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) derivatives that are useful in treating or preventing cancer, as well as in treating or preventing uncontrolled angiogenesis, in a subject. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the subject is a human. In other aspects, the present invention provides a method of preparing compounds of the invention, or a salt or solvate thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for providing controllable local delivery of a conjugate of chloroquine (CQ) and a bisphosphonate to treat diseases characterized by abnormal bone metabolism. In certain embodiments, the invention is used as a treatment for a subject with diseases and disorders characterized by bone loss.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a monoclonal antibody that binds specifically to a Staphylococcus aureus glucosaminidase and inhibits in vivo growth of S. aureus. Also disclosed are monoclonal antibody binding portions, recombinant or hybridoma cell lines, pharmaceutical compositions containing the monoclonal antibody or binding portions thereof, and methods of treating S. aureus infection and osteomyelitis, and methods for introducing an orthopedic implant into a patient using the monoclonal antibody, binding portion, or pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.

Abstract: A system to assess risk of changes to brain white matter includes a sensor system adapted to measure an energy of each impact to an individual belonging to a sub-population that causes a repetitive head impact (RHI). A head impact dose equivalent number (HIDEN) process calculates a HIDEN for a most recent RHI event based on the energy of the most recent RHI event, a time of the most recent RHI, and all previously recorded RHI events available in a non-volatile memory. A sub-population function process calculates a risk assessment number based on the sub-population and the HIDEN. A risk assessment notification means provides a notification of the risk assessment number. A method to assess risk of changes to brain white matter based on a head impact dose equivalent number and a method to define a sub-population function to convert a HIDEN to a risk assessment value is also described.

Abstract: A method for modifying the refractive index of an optical polymeric material. The method comprises continuously irradiating predetermined regions of an optical, polymeric material with femtosecond laser pulses to form a gradient index refractive structure within the material. The optical polymeric material can include a photosensitizer to increase the photoefficiency of the two-photo process resulting in the formation of the observed refractive structures. An optical device includes an optical, polymeric lens material having an anterior surface and posterior surface and an optical axis intersecting the surfaces and at least one laser-modified, GRIN layer disposed between the anterior surface and the posterior surface and arranged along a first axis 45° to 90° to the optical axis.