Abstract: Optical fiber waveguides and related approaches are implemented to facilitate communication. As may be implemented in accordance with one or more embodiments, a waveguide has a substrate including a lattice structure having a plurality of lattice regions with a dielectric constant that is different than that of the substrate, a defect in the lattice, and one or more deviations from the lattice. The defect acts with trapped transverse modes (e.g., magnetic and/or electric modes) and facilitates wave propagation along a longitudinal direction while confining the wave transversely. The deviation(s) from the lattice produces additional modes and/or coupling effects.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a metal oxide-carbonaceous hybrid thin film, a preparing method of the metal oxide-carbonaceous hybrid thin film, and a dye-sensitized solar cell using a photoelectrode including the metal oxide-carbonaceous hybrid thin film.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electronic device for storing data on PRAM and a memory control method thereof The electronic device of the present disclosure comprises: a nonvolatile memory in which data is stored; a volatile memory in which an address conversion table of a nonvolatile memory is stored; and a controller that stores data on a nonvolatile memory by referencing an address conversion table of a nonvolatile memory stored on a volatile memory. Due to this, a nonvolatile memory having limitative number of write and read such as PRAM can be operated more effectively.

Abstract: Systems and methods for acoustic detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) and automated editing of heart sound data are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems for identifying a plant in a field with pixel-level precision and taking an action on the identified plant, also with pixel level precision. The disclosed systems can include multiple implements, enabling the performance of multiple tasks on an identified plant or associated area of soil. Methods of using the described systems for automated thinning, weeding and spot spraying crops are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are methods of using humanin and humanin analogs to treat a mammal exhibiting or at risk for insulin resistance, increase insulin sensitivity in a mammal exhibiting or at risk for insulin resistance, treat type-2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and neurodegeneration, treat and prevent myocardial injury, and determine longevity.

Abstract: PKC V5 isozyme-specific peptides are described. The sequences and compositions comprising the sequences are useful for treating disease states associated with the PKC isozyme from which they are respectively derived. Methods of treatment, pharmaceutical formulations and methods of identifying compounds that mimic the activity of the peptides are also described.

Abstract: A display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a color filter layer, a first pixel unit, a second pixel unit, and a third pixel unit. The liquid crystal layer includes optically isotropic liquid crystals. The first pixel unit, the second pixel unit and the third pixel unit form a first electric field, a second electric field and a third electric filed in the liquid crystal layer. A first display light, a second display light and a third display light displayed by the first pixel unit, the second pixel unit and the third pixel unit have different wavelengths. The first electric field, the second electric field and the third electric field are different when the first pixel unit, the second pixel unit and the third pixel unit are applied by a same driving voltage set.

Abstract: Microbeads include small preformed microbead substrates, which may comprise, for example, silica particles having a characteristic dimension less than 2 millimeters. A plurality of luminophores are applied to an exposed surface of the microbead substrates, wherein the luminophores are selected for detecting pressure and/or temperature. A plurality of luminophores absorb light at a predetermined wavelength to transition to an excited state, and they luminesce at different wavelengths when returning to the ground state. The luminescence may be phosphorescence or fluorescence. In some embodiments the microbeads include at least one pressure-sensitive luminophore, at least one temperature-sensitive luminophore, and at least one reference luminophore that is neither pressure-sensitive nor temperature-sensitive. In some embodiments the microbeads are configured for use in digital particle image velocimetry.

Abstract: Disclosed are ways to generate a melody. Currently, no algorithm exists for automatically composing a melody based on music lyrics. However, according to some recent studies, within a song, there usually exists a correlation between a song's notes and a song's lyrics wherein a melody can be generated based on such correlation. Disclosed herein, are systems, methods and algorithms that consider the correlation between a song's lyrics and a song's notes to compose a melody.

Abstract: There are provided a phase shift circuit and a power factor correction circuit including the same. The phase shift circuit includes a ramp generation unit charging or discharging a capacitor connected to a switch device to generate a ramp signal, a reference signal generation unit generating a predetermined reference signal from the ramp signal, and a comparison unit comparing the ramp signal with the reference signal to generate a clock signal, wherein at least one of the reference signal generation unit and the comparison unit changes a negative or positive value of offset components included in the reference signal or the ramp signal within every operating period of the switch device.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus map image information of a target object onto an interface of the target object in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The method includes obtaining the image information of the target object in a predetermined direction from the outside of the target object to the inside of the target object, analyzing the obtained image information, extracting one piece of the obtained image information based on the analysis result, and allotting the extracted image information onto the interface of the target object.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant proteins comprising transferrin that is linked to tumstatin or other antiangiogenic protein and methods for producing and using the same. The present invention also provides an expression system, a plasmid, and a cell that is capable of expressing such recombinant proteins and methods for producing and using the same.

Abstract: An X-ray tube and methods for imaging are disclosed. The X-ray tube includes an emitter configured to generate an electron beam. Further, the X-ray tube includes a target configured to generate X-rays in response to the electron beam, where a target surface includes at least a first region having a first elevation and a second region having a second elevation different from the first elevation. The X-ray tube also includes a detector configured to generate projection data based on the X-rays and a computing device coupled to the emitter, the detector and/or the target. The computing device is configured to deflect a focal spot on the target surface by controlling target rotation such that the electron beam impinges alternatively on the first and second regions. The computing device processes the projection data corresponding to the deflected focal spot positions and reconstructs images of a subject using the processed projection data.

Abstract: An embodiment in accordance with the present invention provides a method for non-invasively determining the functional severity of coronary artery stenosis. The method includes gathering patient-specific data related to concentration of a contrast agent within a coronary artery of a patient using a coronary computed tomography angiography scan (CCTA). The patient-specific data is used to calculate a patient-specific transarterial attenuation gradient for the coronary artery of the patient. The patient specific transarterial attenuation gradient is compared to previously collected data to determine an estimate of a pressure gradient and/or fractional flow reserve (FFR) for the patient. As more data is collected, the data can be added to the database in order to increase the accuracy of future assessments. The database can also be enhanced by adding data generated by canonical models and mathematical analysis.

Abstract: Particles are separated, concentrated, or mixed within a fluid by means of a fluid-containing cell having a longitudinal axis, a cross-sectional area generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, and at least one particle motivating force directionally interacting with at least one recurrent circulating fluid flow generally aligned with the longitudinal axis within the fluid containing cell.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and a device for determining a transform block size, and can improve image compression efficiency. The method includes: obtaining, according to image block information and a splitting manner of an image block, a parameter of a transform block corresponding to the image block; and obtaining a transform block size according to the parameter of the transform block and the splitting manner of the image block. In the embodiments of the present invention, during determination of a transform block size, the transform block size is obtained according to a splitting manner of an image block and a parameter of a transform block corresponding to the image block. Therefore, a transform block matching the splitting manner of the image block can be used, improving image compression efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention is in the fields of drug delivery, cancer treatment and diagnosis and pharmaceuticals. This invention provides a method of making antibody- or antibody fragment-targeted immunoliposomes for the systemic delivery of molecules to treat and image diseases, including cancerous tumors. The invention also provides immunoliposomes and compositions, as well as methods of imaging various tissues. The liposome complexes are useful for encapsulation of imaging agents, for example, for use in magnetic resonance imaging. The specificity of the delivery system is derived from the targeting antibodies or antibody fragments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of cardiology. More specifically, the present invention provides methods and compositions for inducing proliferation of cardiomyocytes. In a specific embodiment, a method for inducing proliferation of cardiomyocytes comprises the step of administering an effective amount of an ALMS1 inhibitor.

Abstract: An emotion information conversion apparatus and method is provided. The emotion information conversion apparatus includes a visual information extractor to extract visual information from an input image, an emotion information converter to analyze the extracted visual information and convert the visual information into emotion information, and a sensory effect information generator to generate sensory effect information transferable to a user, based on the converted emotion information.