Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of making continuous filament by electrospinning, wherein electrospun nanofibers are collected on a multi-layer type collector consisting of two or more, rotating disk-shaped conductive materials by electrospinning a polymer dope onto the multi-layer collector with a high voltage applied thereto and which rotates at a rotational linear velocity of 5 m/sec or more, through nozzles having a high voltage applied thereto, and then collecting the nanofibers on the collector in the form of a continuous filament by the use of a collecting roller, and conveying the nanofibers to a canvas through a traverse, or dried, drawn, and wound consecutively.

Abstract: Methods of forming a gated, self-aligned nano-structures for electron extraction are disclosed. One method of forming the nano-structure comprises irradiating a first surface of a thermally conductive laminate to melt an area across the first surface of the laminate. The laminate comprises a thermally conductive film and a patterned layer disposed on the first surface of the film. The patterned layer has a pattern formed therethrough, defining the area for melting. The film is insulated at a second surface thereof to provide two-dimensional heat transfer laterally in plane of the film. The liquid density of the film is greater than the solid density thereof. The method further comprises cooling the area inwardly from the periphery thereof to form the nano-structure having an apical nano-tip for electron emission centered in an electrically isolated aperture that serves as a gate electrode to control electron extraction in a gated field emitter device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for identifying refractive-index fluctuations of a target are described in this application. One embodiment includes identifying one or more properties of emergent light, the emergent light to be emergent from a target, and determining refractive-index fluctuations of the target based on the one or more properties of the emergent light. The determining refractive-index fluctuations further comprises determining one or more of the variance of the refractive-index fluctuations and the spatial correlation length of the refractive-index fluctuations. The determining refractive-index fluctuations further comprises determining one or more of the variance of the refractive-index fluctuations and the spatial correlation length of the refractive-index fluctuations.

Abstract: Described herein are fabricated microstructures to adhere in shear to a contact surface. A fabricated microstructure comprises a substrate and a plurality of nano-fibers attached to the substrate. The nano-fibers have an elasticity modulus E, an interfacial energy per unit length of contact w, a length L, a radius R, and are oriented at an angle ?o relative to the substrate. The length L of the nano-fibers is greater than 0.627?oR2(E/w)1/2 with ?o in radians. Also described herein is a method of forming a fabricated microstructure to adhere in shear to a contact surface and a method of adhering in shear a fabricated microstructure to a contact surface.

Abstract: A method, system and software arrangement in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention are provided to extract descriptive narrative from numerical experimental data augmented with ontological controlled vocabulary. One exemplary application of such system, method and software arrangement is in organizing gene-expression time course data in terms of biological processes that may be activated and deactivated as the biological system responds to its normal or perturbed environment. The present invention may also have biological applications to drug-or-vaccine discovery, understanding behavior of a cell in an altered diseased state (e.g., cancer, neuro-degeneration or auto-immune disease, etc.), genetically modifying a natural wild-type organism, genetic-engineering, etc. Other exemplary applications may include understanding neural behavior, market behavior of a population of users interacting on the Internet, etc.

Abstract: A method for identifying a product includes providing a solid body (10) fabricated from at least a molecularly imprinted polymer having molecular sized cavities (12) adapted to selectively receive and bind molecules (50) having a specific taggant molecular structure (51), the molecular sized cavities (12) disposed on a portion of an exterior surface (11) of the body (10), and applying to the surface of the body a composition containing indicator molecules (50) having a taggant moiety (51) at one end and a marking function group (53) tethered to the taggant moiety (51) by a molecular chain the taggant moieties (51) engaging and binding to the molecular sized cavities (12) so as to mark the portion of the surface (11) of the body (10) with the indicator molecules (50) bound thereto, the marking functional groups (53) rendering the marked portion of the surface (11) perceptible with or without detection instrumentation.

Abstract: Rapid repair and retrofit of existing infrastructures demand durable high early strength materials that not only deliver sufficient strength within a few hours of placement but also significantly prolong the maintenance interval. The invention comprises a class of newly developed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber-reinforced high early strength engineered cementitious composites (ECC) materials featuring extraordinary ductility. The tailoring of preexisting flaw size distribution through non-matrix interactive crack initiators in the composite matrix results in high tensile ductility. The resulting high early strength ECC materials are capable of delivering a compressive strength of 21 MPa (3.0 ksi) within 4 hours after placement and retaining long-term tensile strain capacity above 2%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a trench silicon-on-insulator (SOI) dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cell and a method for making the same. A source and a drain are utilized to each connect to one of two semiconductor conductive units on an external side of a main body having a plurality of semiconductor conductive units, and the semiconductor conductive units are utilized to accumulate electric charges generated from the drain so as to decrease a threshold voltage. In addition, the DRAM cell only uses one field effect transistor (FET) device (1T), has characteristics of the conventional 1T-DRAM, and has higher integration density. Moreover, the process of the invention is simple, so the production cost can be reduced.

Abstract: A method of reinforcing a concrete structure includes attaching an amount of reinforcing material onto a concrete or masonry substrate and attaching at least one cover plate on top of the reinforcing material onto the substrate.

Abstract: In order to obtain substantially the same operating speed of a p-type MOS transistor and an n-type MOS transistor forming a CMOS circuit, the n-type MOS transistor has a three-dimensional structure having a channel region on both the (100) plane and the (110) plane and the p-type MOS transistor has a planar structure having a channel region only on the (110) plane. Further, both the transistors are substantially equal to each other in the areas of the channel regions and gate insulating films. Accordingly, it is possible to make the areas of the gate insulating films and so on equal to each other and also to make the gate capacitances equal to each other.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device and an optical sensor, which can enhance a wide dynamic range while keeping a high sensitivity with a high S/N ratio, and a method of operating a solid-state imaging device for enhancing a wide dynamic range while keeping a high sensitivity with a high S/N ratio are disclosed. An array of integrated pixels has a structure wherein each pixel comprises a photodiode PD for receiving light and generating and accumulating photoelectric charges and a storage capacitor element CS coupled to the photodiode PD through a transfer transistor Tr1 for accumulating the photoelectric charges overflowing from the photodiode PD. The storage capacitor element CS is structured to accumulate the photoelectric charges overflowing from the photodiode PD in a storage-capacitor-element accumulation period TCS that is set to be a period at a predetermined ratio with respect to an accumulation period of the photodiode PD.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for genome analysis are provided. A microfabricated structure including a microfluidic distribution channel is configured to distribute microreactor elements having copies of a sequencing template into a plurality of microfabricated thermal cycling chambers. A microreactor element may include a microcarrier element carrying the multiple copies of the sequencing template. The microcarrier element may comprise a microsphere. An autovalve at an exit port of a thermal cycling chamber, an optical scanner, or a timing arrangement may be used to ensure that only one microsphere will flow into one thermal cycling chamber wherein thermal cycling extension fragments are produced. The extension products are captured, purified, and concentrated in an integrated oligonucleotide gel capture chamber. A microfabricated component separation apparatus is used to analyze the purified extension fragments.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of treating a target area with an ultrasound wave pattern, including: providing an ultrasound apparatus having an ultrasound wave generator operatively attached to a plurality of transducers, coupled to an immersible support and configured to emit an ultrasound wave; immersing the apparatus into a water environment; positioning the apparatus proximate to a target area to treat at least one in situ organism; and emitting a pattern of ultrasound waves from the transducers, the pattern of ultrasound waves additive in effect and emitted onto the target area to threat an in situ underwater organism.

Abstract: The present invention relates a system for compensating for a voltage dip and undervoltage containing a primary side and secondary side transformer, a voltage dip/swell detector, and a level detector/switch selector device, wherein the secondary side of the transformer possesses a minimally sufficient number of taps to allow the system to be modified to meet supply voltage dips. The system, in particular, allows for long term compensation of voltage dips and quick adjustment of load voltage, usually within one cycle. Methods of using the present invention are also presented.

Abstract: A high spatial resolution phase-sensitive technique employs a scanning near field ultrasound holography (SNFUH) methodology for imaging elastic as well as viscoelastic variations across a sample surface. SNFUH uses a near-field approach to measure time-resolved variations in ultrasonic oscillations at a sample surface. As such, it overcomes the spatial resolution limitations of conventional phase-resolved acoustic microscopy (i.e. holography) by eliminating the need for far-field acoustic lenses.

Abstract: The present invention provides OLEDs incorporating microcavities. By combining a microcavity with a non-microcavity emissive layer, improved saturation and luminance may be achieved. OLEDs incorporating microcavities according to the invention may be used to produce white light, and as sub-pixels in full-color displays.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer membrane enhanced with cured epoxy resin for use as the outer membrane of biosensors. The membrane includes approximately 30-80% epoxy resin adhesives, 10-60% polymer such as poly(vinyl chloride), polycarbonate and polyurethane and 0-30% plasticizers and 5-15% surface modifier reagent such as polyethylene oxide-containing block copolymers. Utilizing the polymer membrane of the present invention, a three-layered sensing element has been developed. This sensing element will be particularly useful for miniaturized biosensors used for in vitro blood measurements or for continuous in vivo monitoring such as implantable biosensors. This element includes an enzyme layer, an interference-eliminating layer and the novel polymer member of the present invention as the outer polymer layer. This novel sensing element shows excellent response characteristics in solutions and has an extremely long lifetime.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermo-buckled micro actuation unit made of parylene, which is a polymer having high thermal expansion coefficient, for delivering liquid from a source liquid section to a target liquid section, including a substrate on which a thermo-buckled micro actuation unit is formed. The thermo-buckled micro actuation unit includes upper and lower films made of polymers of high thermal expansion coefficient, a metal resistor arranged between the two films, and a flow channel defined between the lower film and the substrate. When electrical power is supplied to the metal resistor, the metal resistor generates heat and the heat is conducted to the upper and lower films, of which the thicknesses are different, whereby a temperature difference is induced therebetween and causing deformation of thermo-buckling, as a result of which the liquid is pumped from the source liquid section, through the flow channel, toward the target liquid section.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide storage system includes a container and a conduit attached to the container for introducing or removing a carbon dioxide-containing composition from the container. A carbon dioxide storage material is positioned within the container. The carbon dioxide-storage material includes a metal-organic framework, which has a sufficient surface area to store at least 10 carbon dioxide molecules per formula unit of the metal-organic framework at a temperature of about 25° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to newly discovered nucleic acid molecules and proteins associated with ovarian cancer. Compositions, kits, and methods for detecting, characterizing, preventing, and treating human ovarian cancers are provided.