Abstract: An energetic composite having a plurality of reactive particles each having a reactive multilayer construction formed by successively depositing reactive layers on a rod-shaped substrate having a longitudinal axis, dividing the reactive-layer-deposited rod-shaped substrate into a plurality of substantially uniform longitudinal segments, and removing the rod-shaped substrate from the longitudinal segments, so that the reactive particles have a controlled, substantially uniform, cylindrically curved or otherwise rod-contoured geometry which facilitates handling and improves its packing fraction, while the reactant multilayer construction controls the stability, reactivity and energy density of the energetic composite.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an air cathode for air batteries, having excellent high-rate discharge performance, and an air battery comprising the air cathode. Disclosed is an air cathode for air batteries, using oxygen as an active material and configured to form an air battery comprising the air cathode, an anode and an electrolyte layer present between the air cathode and the anode, the air cathode comprising: a catalyst layer which contains at least an electrode catalyst and an electroconductive material; an oxide as the electrode catalyst, which is active against at least oxygen reduction reaction; and at least one kind of metal carbide as the electroconductive material, selected from the group consisting of a tungsten carbide, a titanium carbide and a molybdenum carbide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to determine the wavelength dependent absorption coefficient of a turbid medium using overlapping illumination-detection areas comprising the steps of a) retrieving a calibration spectrum (CA) from a reference measurement using a reference sample; b) carrying out a measurement on an actual sample for determining the absolute reflection spectrum (Rabs) using a raw spectrum measured on the sample (Smedium) and the calibration spectrum (C?); C) using the absolute reflection spectrum (Rabs) for determining the wavelength dependent absorption coefficient by minimizing the difference between the measured absolute reflection spectrum (Rabs) and a model function (Rabsmodel).

Abstract: Errors caused by shrinkage during 3D printing may be minimized. A shape that most closely corresponds to the shape of a layer to be printed may be selected from a library of shapes. Each shape in the library may have shrinkage information associated with it that includes, for each of multiple points that define a perimeter of the library shape, a radial distance to the point from an origin of a coordinate system, an angle the radial distance makes with respect to an axis of the coordinate system, and information indicative of an anticipated amount by which the point will deviate from its specified location when the shape is printed due to shrinkage. Compensation for anticipated shrinkage may be calculated based on the shrinkage information that is associated with the selected shape from the library. The information indicative of the shape of the layer to be printed may be modified to minimize errors cause by shrinkage based on the calculated compensation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to tumor antigen proteins or genes derived from polo-like kinase 1. As a result of the formation of a complex by binding polo-like kinase 1-derived proteins or variants having characteristics functionally identical to the proteins with MHC class I antigens or II antigens, the complex can be recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Therefore, the polo-like kinase 1-derived proteins or variants are identified as a tumor antigen which can be generally used in tumor immunotherapy.

Abstract: Core-shell nanoparticulate compositions and methods for making the same are disclosed. In some embodiments core-shell nanoparticulate compositions comprise transition metal core encapsulated by metal oxide shell. Methods of catalysis comprising core-shell nanoparticulate compositions of the invention are disclosed. Compositions comprising core-shell nanoparticles displayed on a metal-oxide support and methods for preparing the same are also disclosed. In some embodiments compositions comprise core-shell nanoparticles displayed as a substantially single layer superposed on a metal oxide support. Methods of catalysis employing the supported core-shell nanoparticles are disclosed.

Abstract: Treating and Preventing mastitis employing cationic steroidal antimicrobials (CSAs). Treating or preventing clinical mastitis in a mammal includes administering a cationic steroidal anti-microbial compound (CSA) formulation to the intra-mammary organ of a mammal (e.g., a dairy cow), such as by injection into the mammary organ (e.g., through the teat of the mammary organ), and/or topical application. The dairy cow can be lactating and have a somatic cell count (SCC) less than or equal to 500,000 cells/mL at the time of administering the CSA formulation. Alternatively, the dairy cow can be lactating and have a somatic cell count (SCC) greater than 500,000 cells/mL at the time of administering the CSA formulation. The dairy cow can be taken out of production during the administration of the CSA formulation for a period of time of about 3 days or less, 2 days or less, or 1 day or less.

Abstract: Techniques identify origins of ventricular arrhythmias (e.g., ventricular tachycardia or premature ventricular complexes) including exit sites or other sites using a single or multi-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) assembly. The ECG assembly is used to map an organ into a series of different three-dimensional (3D) regions. Pace maps or ventricular arrhythmia signals are used in form of ECG signals along with a supervised learning methods to pinpoint the potential origin of VT, i.e., exit sites, in the various regions.

Abstract: The present method for determining the efficacy of therapy in the treatment of amyloidosis involves administering to a patient in need thereof a compound of formula (I) or Formula (II) or structures 1-45 and imaging the patient. After said imaging, at least one anti-amyloid agent is administered to said patient. Then, an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or Formula (II) or structures 1-45 is administered to the patient and the patient is imaged again. Finally, baseline levels of amyloid deposition in the patient before treatment with the anti-amyloid agent are compared with levels of amyloid deposition in the patient following treatment with the anti-amyloid agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for producing glyphosate-tolerant wheat genotypes by mutagenesis, glyphosate wheat plants produced by such methods, and related compositions and methods.

Abstract: A marker can determine whether or not a patient has a therapeutic response to an anti-cancer agent. A novel cancer therapy employs the marker. The marker can be N-acetylglucosamine, an amino-acid-metabolism-related substance, a nucleic-acid-metabolism-related substance, a substance in the pentose phosphate pathway, a substance in the glycolytic pathway, a substance in the TCA cycle, a polyamine-metabolism-related substance, lauric acid, 6-phosphogluconic acid, butyric acid, 4-methylpyrazole, isobutylamine, glycolic acid, NADH, NAD+, or a substance involved in the metabolism of any of these substances.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to compositions and methods for encapsulating biomaterials such as cells to prevent immune responses. In certain embodiments the disclosure relates to capsules comprising a cell or cells gelled in alginate coated with a layer that prevents migration of immune molecules to the cell surface and an outer capsule layer comprising non-immunogenic material optionally containing immunosuppressive agents. In certain embodiments, the cells are capable of generating insulin that emanates from the capsule.

Abstract: An air-balanced engine assembly is configured to operate efficiently while producing a reduced level of harmful emissions. The engine assembly includes a two-stroke internal combustion engine with multiple power cylinders and intake and exhaust manifolds that fluidly communicate with the cylinders. The engine assembly also includes an air balancing assembly with valves that control intake air flow from the intake manifold to the cylinders. The valves cooperate to balance intake air flow among the cylinders and are configured to substantially equalize trapped equivalence ratios among the cylinders.

Abstract: The present disclosure is to destroy adipose tissue non-invasively by using focused ultrasound (FUS) and to increase the treatment efficiency by the synergy of the novel FUS and electrical stimulation. Lipid can be released from the destroyed adipocytes and stay in the interstitial fluid of undestroyed adipocytes. In the meanwhile or after the treatment of FUS, a passive exercise of muscle in thighs or other parts is performed by electrical stimulation to consume energy. Therefore, metabolism of the free lipid can be enhanced by supplying energy to the muscles. The ultrasound treatment of the present disclosure is able to increase the treatment area, and while in combination with electrical stimulation, it can efficiently remove lipids in the circulation.

Abstract: A magnetic device includes a pinned magnetic layer and a free magnetic layer including a first body-centered cubic material and having a variable magnetization vector that has a first stable state and a second stable state. The magnetic device also includes a first non-magnetic layer and a reference layer. The first non-magnetic layer spatially separates the pinned magnetic layer and the free magnetic layer and includes a second body-centered cubic material that interfaces with the first body-centered cubic material. The magnetic device includes a second non-magnetic layer spatially separating the free magnetic layer and the reference magnetic layer. A magnetic tunnel junction, located below the pinned magnetic layer, is formed by the free magnetic layer, the second non-magnetic layer, and the reference magnetic layer. Application of a current pulse through the magnetic device switches the variable magnetization vector.

Abstract: Controller scaling and parameterization are described. Techniques that can be improved by employing the scaling and parameterization include, but are not limited to, controller design, tuning and optimization. The scaling and parameterization methods described here apply to transfer function based controllers, including PID controllers. The parameterization methods also applies to state feedback and state observer based controllers, as well as linear active disturbance rejection controllers. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the application. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.

Abstract: A method of spinning a polyacrylonitrile PAN-based precursor fiber comprises extruding a spinning solution of ultra-high molecular weight polyacrylonitrile polymer through a multi-filament spinnerette where the solution has a viscosity of between about 100 and about 300 Pa-sec (at a shear rate of 1 l/sec) at a dope extrusion temperature of between about 20° C. and about 26° C., producing a fiber having a diameter of between about 4 and about 10 micron, a tensile strength of between about 500 and about 1100 MPa, and an elastic modulus between about 13 and about 18 GPa.

Abstract: Disclosed are polycyclic polyether compounds of formula I and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. wherein R, OR1, and R2 are as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of regulating mucus clearance in a cell, and methods of treating decreased mucus clearance or mucociliary dysfunction.

Abstract: This invention provides antibodies that specifically bind to and typically neutralize botulinum neurotoxins (e.g., BoNT/A, BoNT/B, BoNT/E, etc.) and the epitopes bound by those antibodies. The antibodies and derivatives thereof and/or other antibodies that specifically bind to the neutralizing epitopes provided herein can be used to neutralize botulinum neurotoxin and are therefore also useful in the treatment of botulism.

Abstract: A high brightness III-Nitride based Light Emitting Diode (LED), comprising multiple surfaces covered by Zinc Oxide (ZnO) layers, wherein the ZnO layers are grown in a low temperature aqueous solution and each have a (0001) c-orientation and a top surface that is a (0001) plane.