Abstract: A straddle carrier, between the side bodies of which a space is formed for the loads to be transported, particularly characterized in that its body consists of two opposed upper side bodies, which have been mutually connected by a transversal beam at their middle, and the driver's cab being placed upon this beam. By this arrangement, unobstructed forward and rearward visibility from the driver's seat is gained, in contrast with the design of prior art incorporating one transversal beam at the front and another in the rear.Further, optional characteristics specify that the transversal beam is of a box-type design and serves in the manner of a torsion spring to adapt the carrier to uneven driving surfaces; that the straddle carrier's power means (at least one engine) are placed below the upper side bodies, supported by separate lower side bodies; and that the upper surfaces of the upper side bodies are sloping for even more expanded visibility.

Abstract: A paper machine wherein a pick-up roll or felt are eliminated. A pair of endless fabrics and forming rolls cooperating therewith provide with the pair of endless fabrics an ascending twin-wire former and in advance of the twin-wire former a single-wire former. One of these endless fabrics has an upper run extending laterally from the twin-wire former and carries the web formed at the twin-wire former beyond the latter on an upper surface of this upper run. A pair of press rolls include lower and upper press rolls which define a first press nip through which the above upper run travels together with an endless felt which is lapped around the upper press roll so that this endless felt and the above upper run are sandwiched between the press rolls with the web travelling beyond the first press nip together with the endless felt around part of the upper press roll.

Abstract: A paper machine, particularly adapted for manufacturing tissue paper, has inner and outer endless fabrics, each in the form of a wire or felt, guided around a smooth forming roll where the inner fabric is situated next to the forming roll between the latter and the outer fabric to define at the forming roll a curved twin-wire former. The outer fabric has an elongated portion situated in advance of the twin-wire former and spaced from the inner fabric to form a single-wire former which receives stock from a headbox and with which a suitable dewatering structure cooperates so that a considerable amount of water has been removed from the web forming on the single-wire former by the time the web reaches the twin-wire former. At the end of the twin-wire former distant from the single-wire former, the inner and outer fabrics are separated from each other and the web is transferred to the inner fabric by way of the normal table roll effect between the inner fabric and the smooth forming roll.

Abstract: A paper machine which has a dewatering system accordng to which during web formation as dewatering progresses the dewatering pressure increases. The stock from a headbox is initially delivered to a single liquid-pervious web-carrying element. As the latter travels away from the headbox with the stock received therefrom it meets a web-pressing element which together with the web-carrying element forms a twin-wire type of construction with the web being compressed between these elements as they travel along a common path. While these elements travel along a common path they are guided by structure which provides for increasing pressure on the web between the elements so that as dewatering progresses the pressure on the web between the elements increases. In this way it is possible to avoid an initial undesirably violent dewatering of the web during an initial phase in the formation thereof. As the above elements travel along their common path the direction of travel thereof preferably is reversed.

Abstract: A web-forming method and apparatus particularly suited for cellulose pulp. The web is initially formed on a rotary wire cylinder which has a horizontal axis and a crest situated at the highest part of the cylinder over the horizontal axis, the cylinder during rotation thus having an upwardly travelling side which turns upwardly toward the crest and a downwardly travelling side which turns downwardly from the crest. At the upwardly travelling side of the cylinder is a headbox having its slice situated adjacent the crest for projecting onto the rotating cylinder a pulp slurry jet at a speed greater than the peripheral speed of the cylinder, so that the deposited pulp slurry will start to form a web while turning with the cylinder up to and then downwardly from the crest thereof. An outer wire has a portion wrapped partially around the cylinder, through an angle of at least 180.degree.

Abstract: A paper-machine press section having structure for transferring a web away from the press section toward the drying section of the machine. The press section includes a press roll with which a transfer structure cooperates for transferring a web from this press roll away from the latter and toward the drying section. This transfer structure includes at least a transfer suction roll having an outer shell formed with perforations through which suction is transmitted to a web. A suction chamber communicates with these perforations while between the suction chamber and the outer shell which has the perforations there is a sealing structure which is capable of providing between the perforated shell and the suction chamber a seal which does not require the use of seal water.

Abstract: A structure for bringing about transfer of a paper web from the press section to the drying section of a paper machine during travel of an initial portion of a web from the press section to the drying section as well as subsequently when the travel of the web between these sections has become stabilized. A pair of rolls are situated between the last roll of the press section and the first roll of the drying section to support and guide the web during travel thereof between the press section and drying section. In addition, a weighting roll is provided to cooperate with that one of the above pair of rolls which is nearer to the drying section to define with the latter roll a nip through which an initial portion of the web travels until the operating conditions have become stabilized.

Abstract: An apparatus, such as the headbox of a paper machine, having the capability of compensating for the tendency of a beam to become deflected due to loads, temperature-differential phenomena and the like. A beam is supported at a pair of locations situated inwardly of the ends of the beam but spaced from the center thereof in such a way that due to loads, temperature-differentials, and the like the beam has a tendency to become deflected from a straight condition to a curved condition extending along a curve which passes through the above locations to the ends of the beam. A force structure cooperates with the beam at the region of the ends thereof for opposing the tendency of the beam to assume the above deflected condition so that through this force structure it becomes possible to prevent undesirable beam deflection.

Abstract: A twin-wire paper machine and method for operating the same. The machine includes an endless carrier wire and an endless pressure wire respectively extending along closed separate loops and having common run portions between which a web is compressed while travelling from an inlet end to an outlet end of the common run portions. A pair of guide rolls are respectively situated in the loops and engage the wires in advance of the inlet end of the common run portions to direct the wires respectively along converging paths toward the inlet end of the common run portions, these converging wire paths forming an entrance region where a headbox is located for directing a stock jet through a slice defined by a pair of lips of the headbox. A forming board engages one of the wires between the inlet end of the common run portions and the guide roll which engages this one wire, and the stock jet is directed toward this one wire and the forming board engaging the same.

Abstract: A twin wire paper machine having structure for controlling the common path taken by the wire. A web-carrying wire and a web-pressing wire having a common path extending upwardly from a lower forming roll to an upper couch roll with the web which is formed being compressed between these wires while they travel along this common path, the web-carrying wire continuing to transport the web beyond the common path of the two wires. The forming and couch rolls define between themselves a space situated on one side of a straight line which is tangent to both of these rolls and which contacts the common path of the wires at the regions of these rolls.

Abstract: A paper machine having upper and lower wires and wherein an adjusting structure cooperates with a portion of at least one of these wires to move this wire portion close enough to a cooperating portion of the other wire to achieve a twin-wire operation and to move the adjustable wire portion away from the cooperating wire portion to achieve at the latter a single-wire operation, so that at least in part the wires are adjustable one with respect to the other to provide for the option of operating the machine, at least in part, as a single-wire machine or as a twin-wire machine.

Abstract: Structure for facilitating separation of a web and wire in a paper machine. Steam is supplied to the wire at the separating location where the web and wire separate from each other at a side of the wire opposite from the side where the web forms so as to facilitate separation of the web and wire from each other. Steam is supplied from the interior of a container which has a foraminous wall directly engaging the wire so that through the pores of the foraminous wall the steam will discharge to be conducted to the wire. The structure is particularly suitable in connection with twin-wire formers as well as in connection with the manufacture of tissue paper.

Abstract: A firearm such as a semiautomatic rifle having a gas cylinder which receives gas under pressure upon firing of a round in order to move a gas piston which operates components of the firearm. A relief valve structure communicates with the interior of the gas cylinder for automatically responding by inertia to recoil of the firearm in order to relieve excess gas pressure in the cylinder.

Abstract: A web-forming method and apparatus to be used in the manufacture of paper. A web is formed at one side of a travelling wire while at the opposite side thereof, from a location in close proximity thereto, jets of steam are directed toward the wire to produce an implosion at the opposite side of the wire, as well as directly in the wire and in the web. The jets of steam issue from openings in the wall of an enclosure which is situated in close proximity to the said opposite side of the wire, this enclosure having in its interior steam which issues through the openings to form the jets. A plurality of these enclosures may form part of a forming board, and also one or more of the enclosures may be situated along the wire at a part thereof which has travelled beyond the forming board.

Abstract: At the slice region of a headbox or the like of a paper or equivalent machine, there is a front support structure which has an elongated substantially horizontal lower region situated adjacent an upper lip of the slice. An elongated strip extends along this lower region of the front support structure and projects downwardly beyond the latter where the strip terminates in an elongated substantially horizontal free edge defining the upper lip of the slice. An elongated plate is situated in front of and adjacent the front support structure, extending horizontally across the latter throughout the entire width of the slice, and this plate carries structure for adjusting the strip.

Abstract: A structure for keeping clean the interior of the headbox of a paper machine as well as contributing to the homogeneity of the stock flowing through the headbox. At a location in the headbox where there is a tendency for accumulation or build-up of matter such as fibers, fillers, slime, or the like, steam is introduced such as by supplying steam to the interior of a hollow body having a wall provided with passages through which the steam can escape to the exterior of the hollow body into the stock in the headbox.

Abstract: A firearm having structure operated by gas pressure, upon firing of a round, as well as a relief valve for responding to excess pressure. A gas cylinder is fixed to a barrel of the firearm, forwardly of a magazine which extends beneath the barrel, this gas cylinder communicating with the barrel to receive gas under pressure therefrom upon firing of a round. A piston in the gas cylinder is moved rearwardly along the magazine when gas under pressure is received in the cyliner, so as to operate structure automatically in this way, and a guide for the piston extends forwardly from the magazine into the cylinder and is surrounded by the piston so as to guide the latter, the guide having a diameter smaller that the magazine and having a hollow interior which accommodates part of a magazine spring which urges rounds therein rearwardly.

Abstract: A device for braking the rotation of a rotating roll of a sheet material such as paper, cardboard, or the like, when the reeling of the sheet material has been completed. The device is used in connection with a machine which has a rotary reel spool which rotates about its axis during reeling of sheet material thereon. Adjacent one end of the reel spool is a carriage, and both the carriage and the reel spool are guided for free movement along parallel paths perpendicular to the axis of the reel spool so that the carriage can be maintained along the axis of the reel spool during building of the roll of the sheet material thereon.

Abstract: A piston such as a gas piston of a firearm. The piston includes a substantially rigid cylindrical body having an end region which fluid-tightly and slidably engages one surface while extending from the latter surface toward but terminating short of a second surface which is fluid-tightly and slidably engaged by an elastic sealing ring of the piston. The end region of the piston member is formed with a groove receiving a flange of the sealing ring and the latter has a wall extending from the flange to define with a lip situated on one side of the groove a gap of a predetermined radial width. Situated in this groove between the lip and the flange of the sealing ring is a snap ring which has between its peripheral edges a radial width greater than the width of the gap for securely maintaining the sealing ring in its operative relationship with respect to the piston member.

Abstract: An automatic vehicle-stopping structure according to which a vehicle body carries at an outermost part, which leads the remainder of the vehicle body when the latter travels in a given direction, a container which contains a fluid and which has most distant from the outermost part of the vehicle body a flexible wall to be engaged and deformed by a person or object which comes into contact with the fluid-container during travel of the vehicle. The interior of the container communicates with a pressure-responsive switch. The latter switch changes from one position to another in response to deformation of the flexible wall of the container. When the switch changes its position automatically in this manner, it actuates at least a control for engaging the brakes of the vehicle so that the vehicle will be automatically stopped under the above conditions.