Abstract: A method and apparatus for loading and/or unloading water vessels including providing a pair of floating elongate pontoon members and locating the same substantially parallel to and spaced from each other substantially perpendicular to the edge of a dock or quay so as to define an area between the pontoon members for accommodating a water vessel. The vessel which is to be loaded or unloaded is directed between the pontoon members. Mobile crane apparatus is supported on the pontoon members on either side of the vessel and travels along the length of the pontoon members, and has hoisting apparatus which horizontally extends over the width of the vessel. In another embodiment, an elongate pontoon member is located substantially parallel to the edge of the dock or quay defining a vessel accommodating area between them. Mobile crane apparatus is movably supported on the pontoon member and quay on either side of the vessel and has a hoisting apparatus horizontally extending over the width of the vessel.

Abstract: A paper machine has a forming wire loop which transports a web to a detachment transfer roll situated inside said wire loop at a detaching location where the web is to be detached from the wire and transported to a press section. A relatively dry felt engages the web on a sector of the detachment transfer roll at the detaching location and receives the web from the wire and continues to transport the web, while it adheres to the felt, to the press section. The detachment of the web from the wire on the detachment transfer roll is facilitated by the centrifugal force acting on the web which results from the substantial change of direction undergone by the web on the detachment transfer roll. In one embodiment, the press felt is directed to cover the web on a sector of the detachment roll by a press suction roll located on substantially the same level as the detachment transfer roll, the press roll having a suction sector which facilitates transfer of the web from the wire to the felt.

Abstract: A load-transporting method and apparatus involve use of a transport vehicle, preferably a straddle truck, having connected thereto a load carrier in the form of a frame which is capable of engaging a load and elevating the same with respect to a given surface on which the load initially rests when the load-carrier is raised with respect to this surface. The connection between the load carrier and the vehicle is such that once the load is engaged by the load carrier, the travel of the vehicle with respect to the load causes the load carrier to act through its connection to the vehicle on the latter in a manner which resists the travel of the vehicle and causes the load to move frictionally with respect to the above surface on which it initially rests, the kinetic energy of the travelling vehicle and the friction of the load with respect to the surface and/or the inertia of the load being utilized to bring about elevation of the load and the load-carrier with respect to the above surface.

Abstract: A method in a paper machine press section for dewatering a wet paper web by threading the web in an improved way and avoiding crushing or stretching the web structure through at least three nips of the press section. The invention is particularly characterized by following features of dewatering steps. The web while passing the press section through said three nips is all the time adhered to and supported by the surface of a felt or a roll without any open draws therebetween. Pressing the web in the first dewatering nip takes place between two felts and so the web is dewatered simultaneously through both sides of the web. Further dewatering and pressing steps take place in press nips which all are formed against a plain roll having a large diameter which enables a spacious location of the press rolls and their felts. Detaching the web from the surface of said plain roll for conducting the web into dryer section, takes place in a point allowing easy removal and handling of broke in case of a web break.

Abstract: A paper machine drying section and method for operating the same are provided for reliably maintaining a web in engagement with a drying fabric at locations where the fabric is situated between the web and drying cylinders. Those drying cylinders which are directly contacted by the drying fabric, so that the web is separated therefrom by the drying fabric, are formed with recessed outer surfaces having voids across which the fabric extends. The pressure in these voids is maintained at a magnitude less than the pressure at the outer surface of the web where it travels around those cylinders from which it is separated by the fabric, so that in this way the web is urged by the pressure differential toward the fabric so as to be incapable of becoming detached therefrom.

Abstract: Quick connect apparatus for headbox components in a paper making machine, e.g., apparatus to quickly connect and disconnect the equalizing chamber portion of the air cushion damper from associated distribution header and turbulence sections of the machine, include an elongate locking rod extending over a substantial portion of the end region of the components to be attached, the locking rod being mounted for longitudinal movement. The locking rod is provided with spaced locking portions adapted to lockingly engage correspondingly spaced portions of adjacent components to which said component is to be attached. The components are quickly connected in one embodiment by the longitudinal movement of the elongate locking rod or, in another embodiment, by the rotational movement thereof, whereby the locking portions on the rod are moved into and out of locking engagement with the corresponding spaced locking portions of the other component.

Abstract: A method and apparatus in a paper making machine for transferring a web from a pick-up fabric to a flow-through drying wire for transport of the wire supported web to a flow-through dryer cylinder including passing a section of the flow-through drying wire over the web supported by the pick-up fabric thereby defining a sandwich structure of the drying wire, the web and the pick-up fabric. A first vacuum is applied by a first vacuum member on the sandwich structure from the flow-through drying wire side over a narrow first detaching zone. The direction of the pick-up fabric with respect to the flow-through drying wire is deviated and a second vacuum is applied by a second vacuum member over a second detaching zone subsequent to the first detaching zone in the direction of web travel from the drying wire side thereof thereby securing the web on the flow-through drying wire. The pick-up fabric may thus comprise either a felt or wire structure.

Abstract: A paper machine drying section has a pair of staggered rows of rotary dryer cylinders which include a first group of cylinders of both rows which form an initial part of the drying section where a web is initially received from a press section. A first endless fabric which forms a closed loop is guided around the above group of cylinders in a manner situating the cylinders of one of the rows within the loop to form inside cylinders therefrom and the cylinders of the other of the rows outside of the loop to form outside cylinders therefrom, this first endless fabric transporting a web which is to be dried around the cylinders of the above group while situating the web between the first endless fabric and the outside cylinders and the first endless fabric itself between the inside cylinders and the web.

Abstract: Apparatus for damping pressure and consistency perturbations occurring in the pulp suspension flow to the headbox of a paper making machine including an enclosed damping tank defining therewithin a space for a volume of air and a space for the pulp suspension such that the pulp suspension and the air volume have direct interfacing contact. Longitudinally extending distribution and collecting header means are disposed within the tank for conducting the flow of pulp suspension into and out of the tank, respectively. Each of the distribution and collecting header means define a flow passage for the pulp suspension, which passages fluidly communicate with the pulp suspension space within the damping tank through an elongate, continuous slit. Damping or attenuation of the pressure perturbations in the pulp stock flow is achieved through the interaction of the surface of the pulp stock with the air volume while the consistency perturbations are damped through the action of a plural delay principle.

Abstract: A roll of the type which is used in paper machines has an inner roll body provided with an outer covering made up of a series of elongated strip portions which circumferentially surround the inner roll body while being distributed axially therealong and engaging each other. These strip portions are welded to each other and also may be welded to the inner roll body. The welding of the strip portions is carried out by way of an electron beam type of welding which can be oriented so as to achieve one or more of a number of different types of weld connections between the successive strip portions and, if desired between the strip portions and the inner roll body.

Abstract: In a paper-manufacturing machine a web is subjected to suction by placing a space between the web and a suction roll lapped thereby in communication with a region of substantially less than atmospheric pressure which is maintained at a part of the suction roll which is not lapped by the web. The structure includes a jacket which defines with the part of the suction roll which is not lapped by the web a hollow region with which a source of suction communicates. This hollow region of less than atmospheric pressure is situated at the exterior of the suction roll and bounded in part by an exterior surface of the suction roll, so that the hollow interior of the shell of the suction roll need not necessarily be utilized for providing the suction at the web.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provided at the initial stages of the drying section in a paper making machine for reliably transporting the web from the press section to the drying section and for reliably transporting the web at the initial drying section stage including a group of drying cylinders including a pair of substantially horizontal rows of drying cylinders located one above the other defining an upper drying cylinder row and a lower drying cylinder row and a web supporting lower endless drying belt extending alternately between drying cylinders in said upper and lower drying cylinder rows alternately lapping sectors of the drying cylinders in the upper and lower rows. In its transport over these drying cylinders the web is separated from the drying cylinders in the upper cylinder row by the lower drying belt while the web is in contact with the drying cylinders in the lower cylinder row.

Abstract: An apparatus for damping pressure fluctuations in the pulp-suspension flow of a paper machine includes a pipe system which delivers the pulp suspension to a headbox and in the interior of which the pulp suspension flows toward the headbox. A portion of the pipe system is surrounded by a gas, such as air, which is under pressure and which is situated within a suitable enclosure. This portion of the pipe system is formed at least in part by an elastic wall structure, the inner surface of which engages the pulp-suspension flow and the outer surface of which is exposed to the gas under pressure. Thus, the elastic wall structure changes its configuration or geometry due to pressure fluctuations in the pulp-suspension flow while the gas under pressure which acts through the elastic wall structure on the pulp suspension serves to damp the pressure fluctuations.

Abstract: A headbox of a paper machine includes a header chamber for receiving pulp stock, a distribution pipe system for receiving pulp stock from the header chamber, a flow-equalizing chamber for receiving pulp stock from the distribution pipe system, a turbulence passage system for receiving pulp stock from the flow-equalizing chamber, and a lip slice for receiving pulp stock from the turbulence passage system and discharging the pulp stock from the headbox. At least one of the above chambers is defined in part by a movable wall structure which has an inner surface contacting the pulp stock so that this movable wall structure can move in response to pressure fluctuations in the pulp stock. This wall structure has an outer surface which defines part of the hollow interior of an enclosure in which air under pressure is situated, so that through the movable wall structure the air under pressure can act on the pulp stock to damp pressure fluctuations thereof.

Abstract: Dewatering of a paper web is enhanced by steam treatment in the press section of a papermaking machine wherein the web is continuously passed around a substantial sector of a suction roll between two nips formed with the suction roll by a water-receiving roll and a plain roll. A steam box is mounted adjacent the web between the nips to subject the web to treatment steam in that sector. The steam can be saturated or superheated.

Abstract: A paper machine has a headbox provided with a slice through which a pulp suspension discharges from the headbox, this slice being defined in part by an upper lip frame. The pulp suspension flows to the slice from a distribution header and a turbulence passage assembly which receives the pulp stock from the distribution header and continues the flow thereof toward the slice. An air tank is provided for containing air under pressure to act on the flowing pulp stock so as to damp pressure fluctuations in the pulp suspension flow, and this air tank is connected in part to the upper lip frame of the slice so that the pressure in the air tank will act on the pulp suspension in the immediate vicinity of the slice.

Abstract: A method and machine for manufacturing a multilayer paper board which includes an outer web bonded to a base web has the features of initially forming the outer web on a planar section of a single wire where through a suitable structure a first dewatering stage of the web on the single wire is provided, a second dewatering stage being provided by way of a suitable dewatering show subsequent to the first dewatering stage with this second dewatering stage having an initial portion where dewatering takes place simultaneous in opposite directions and a final portion where dewatering takes place only outwardly away from the first wire.

Abstract: A machine for manufacturing paper, such as tissue paper, includes a twin-wire former made up of a rotary forming roll and a pair of endless fabrics, each of which may be a wire or felt, lapped around the rotary forming roll to provide twin-wire web formation therewith. At the location where these endless fabrics travel beyond the forming roll they diverge from each other to define between themselves a diverging space where one of the endless fabrics has an upwardly directed surface on which the web is carried beyond the forming roll. This latter endless fabric carries the web to a press section where this latter endless fabric travels with the web through a first press nip of the press section defined between an inner press roll situated within the loop of the latter endless fabric and an outer press roll situated outside of the latter loop.

Abstract: A supercalender wherein a stack of metal rolls form an upright series of metal rolls defining hard nips between themselves. The upright series of metal rolls include top and bottom rolls and between the latter at least a pair of intermediate rolls one of which is an upper intermediate roll situated next to the top roll and the other of which is a lower intermediate roll situated next to the bottom roll. At least one pair of filled rolls are situated next to at least one of said intermediate rolls to define therewith a pair of soft nips.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing in a web of sheet material, particularly a paper web, a predetermined moisture content which is uniform throughout the web. The web which has been dried so as to be within the hygroscopic range is directed through an enclosure which is closed off from the outer atmosphere while lapping in the enclosure a perfusion roll having a foraminous wall through which a treating gas, such as air of a given humidity or steam with predetermind properties, can pass into the interior of the roll after first passing through the web which laps the roll.