Abstract: A method for deoxygenating renewable oils comprised of natural oils or greases or derivatives thereof containing triglycerides or free fatty acids includes the steps of: providing a catalyst comprising a support predominantly comprised of alumina with metal compounds provided on the support based on Mo and at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni and Co, and at least one selected from the group consisting of Cu and Cr, and contacting the renewable oils with the catalyst under conditions sufficient to deoxygenate the renewable oils.

Abstract: The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) relates to solid catalyst components comprising titanium, magnesium, halogen and an internal electron donor compound having at least one ester group and at least one alkoxy group, and catalyst systems containing the catalyst solid components, organoaluminum compounds, and organosilicon compounds. The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) further relates to methods of making the catalyst components and the catalyst systems, and methods of polymerizing or copolymerizing alpha-olefins using the catalyst systems.

Abstract: A process for increasing the overall yield of pyridine or its alkyl pyridine derivatives during a base synthesis reaction is disclosed. The process comprises reacting a C2 to C5 aldehyde, a C3 to C5 ketone or a combination thereof, with ammonia and, optionally, formaldehyde, in the gas phase and in the presence of an effective amount of a particulate catalyst comprising a zeolite, zinc, a binder, and clay and optionally a matrix, wherein the catalyst has a L/B ratio of about 1.5 to about 4.0. Preferably, the zeolite is ZSM-5. A process for enhancing the catalytic activity of a zinc and zeolite containing catalyst to increase the overall yield of pyridine and/or its derivatives during a base synthesis reaction is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are silica bound zeolite adsorbent particles which possess high volumetric gas adsorption capacity for the adsorption and/or desorption of gases. The adsorbent are highly effective as a gas source in volumetrically constrained applications. The silica-bound zeolite adsorbents possess a relatively high zeolite content simultaneously with a relatively low intra-particle pore volume as compared to the clay bound zeolite aggregates heretofore used as a gas source in volumetrically constrained environments, e.g. instant beverage carbonation processes, devices or systems.

Abstract: Particles of a procatalyst composition having a particle size D50 from 19 microns to 30 microns. A polymerization process comprising halogenating, in the presence of a substituted phenylene aromatic diester, particles of a MagTi procatalyst precursor to form particles of a procatalyst composition having a particle size D50 from 19 microns to 30 microns; first contacting a propylene and optionally one or more first comonomers with a catalyst composition comprising the particles of the procatalyst composition in a first polymerization reactor to form an active propylene-based polymer; and second contacting the active propylene-based polymer with at least one second comonomer in a second polymerization reactor to form a propylene impact copolymer.

Abstract: A gas-phase process for making a propylene-based polymer in a fluidized-bed reactor, the reactor containing a fluidized bed including polymer product particles and a catalyst, the process having a set of quantitative criteria for maximum monomer partial pressure, maximum reactor temperature, and comonomer content(s) in the propylene-based polymer. The propylene-based polymer may be EBPT or BPRCP. The catalyst may include a catalyst/donor system comprising (1) a supported Ziegler-Natta pro-catalyst, (2) a co-catalyst, and (3) a mixed external electron donor system including (a) an activity limiting agent including at least one carboxylate ester functional group, and (b) a selectivity control agent.

Abstract: A process for the laboratory deactivation of a porous solid comprising subjecting the porous solid to a cyclic treatment, the treatment being selected from a hydration/dehydration cyclic treatment, a thermal cyclic treatment, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: Particles of a procatalyst composition having a particle size D50 from 19 microns to 30 microns. A polymerization process comprising halogenating, in the presence of a substituted phenylene aromatic diester, particles of a MagTi procatalyst precursor to form particles of a procatalyst composition having a particle size D50 from 19 microns to 30 microns; first contacting a propylene and optionally one or more first comonomers with a catalyst composition comprising the particles of the procatalyst composition in a first polymerization reactor to form an active propylene-based polymer; and second contacting the active propylene-based polymer with at least one second comonomer in a second polymerization reactor to form a propylene impact copolymer.

Abstract: Particulate catalytic cracking catalysts which comprise a zeolite having catalytic cracking ability under catalytic cracking conditions, added silica, a magnesium salt, an alumina containing binder, clay and optionally, a matrix material. The catalytic cracking catalyst has a high matrix surface area and is useful in a catalytic cracking process, in particularly, a fluid catalytic cracking process, to provide increased catalytic activity and improved coke and hydrogen selectivity without the need to incorporate rare earth metals.

Abstract: Adsorbent clarification agents suitable for use in bioprocessing procedures are disclosed. Methods of making and using the adsorbent clarification agents are also disclosed.

Abstract: A rare earth free particulate catalytic cracking catalyst which comprises a zeolite having catalytic cracking ability under catalytic cracking conditions, an acidified silica sol binder, magnesium salt, clay and a matrix material. The catalytic cracking catalyst has a high matrix surface area and is useful in a catalytic cracking process, in particularly, a fluid catalytic cracking process, to provide increased catalytic activity and improved hydrogen and coke selectivity without the need to incorporate rare earth metals.

Abstract: An intercalated, modified and calcined smectite clay comprising (a) pillars comprising aluminum and: (i) at least one rare earth or lanthanide group metal; or (ii) at least one rare earth or lanthanide group metal and gallium; and (b) at least one ion-exchanged metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, barium, beryllium, calcium, cerium, cesium, copper, chromium, gadolinium, gallium, germanium, hafnium, holmium, iron (II and III), lanthanum, lithium, magnesium, manganese, neodymium, potassium, praseodymium, rubidium, samarium, silver, selenium, sodium, strontium, tellurium, terbium, thallium, thorium, tin, titanium, uranium, ytterbium, yttrium, zinc and zirconium; wherein the clay is characterized by a basal d001 spacing equal to or greater than about 18.5 angstroms; and processes for making.

Abstract: Catalyst support-activator for olefin polymerization catalysts, and processes for making, the support-activator comprising an intercalated, modified and calcined smectite clay comprising (a) pillars comprising aluminum and optionally: (i) at least one rare earth or lanthanide group metal; or (ii) at least one rare earth or lanthanide group metal and gallium; and (b) at least one ion-exchanged metal ion selected from the group consisting of aluminum, barium, beryllium, calcium, cerium, cesium, copper, chromium, gadolinium, gallium, germanium, hafnium, holmium, iron (II and III), lanthanum, lithium, magnesium, manganese, neodymium, potassium, praseodymium, rubidium, samarium, silver, selenium, sodium, strontium, tellurium, terbium, thallium, thorium, tin, titanium, uranium, ytterbium, yttrium, zinc and zirconium. The pillared clay exhibits a basal d100 spacing of: (A) 9 to 18 angstroms; or (B) equal to or greater than about 18.5 angstroms.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of NOx generated during a catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition, preferably containing a Y-type zeolite, and a particulate NOx reduction composition containing ferrierite zeolite particles. Preferably, the NOx reduction composition contains ferrierite zeolite particles bound with an inorganic binder. In the alternative, the ferrierite zeolite particles are incorporated into the cracking catalyst as an integral component of the catalyst. NOx reduction compositions in accordance with the invention are very effective for the reduction of NOx emissions released from the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking unit operating under FCC process conditions without a substantial change in conversion or yield of cracked products. Processes for the use of the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a process for producing propylene-based polymer. The process includes contacting, under polymerization conditions in a gas phase polymerization reactor, propylene monomer and optionally one or more comonomers with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst composition. The process includes maintaining the temperature of a reaction zone of the reactor at a temperature from greater than 72° C. to less than or equal to 85° C., and forming a propylene-based polymer having a molecular weight (Mw) greater than 100,000, and a Mz+1/Mz less than 2.20. The resultant propylene-based polymer is advantageous in fiber applications.

Abstract: Provided are crystalline forms of nicotinamide riboside, including a Form II of nicotinamide riboside chloride: nicotinamide riboside chloride. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the crystalline Form II of nicotinamide riboside chloride, and methods of producing such pharmaceutical compositions. In other aspects, the present disclosure pertains to methods comprising administering to a subject the crystalline Form II of nicotinamide riboside chloride. The present disclosure also provides methods of preparing the crystalline Form II of nicotinamide riboside chloride. Also provided are a crystalline Form II of nicotinamide riboside chloride that is prepared according to any of the disclosed methods for preparing the crystalline Form II.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for the polymerization of propylene is provided. The catalyst composition includes one or more Ziegler-Natta procatalyst compositions having one or more transition metal compounds and an internal electron donor, one or more aluminum containing cocatalysts, and a selectivity control agent (SCA). The SCA is a mixture of an activity limiting agent (ALA) and selectivity determining agent (SDA) such as a non-silane composition. The present catalyst composition is silane-free, has high catalyst activity and high stereoselectivity, and is self-extinguishing.

Abstract: Process for evaluating the catalytic performance of a porous solid using a vapor diffusion technique, where a probe molecule and a molecule for dead-time determination is injected into a carrier gas that is then contacted with the porous solid in a vessel, where a detector analyzes the peak width and retention time of a probe molecule and the retention time of the molecule for dead-time determination in the gas exiting the vessel.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing small crystals of silicoaluminophosphate-34 (SAPO-34) molecular sieves with high structural purity. The method includes first forming a slurry comprising monoisopropanolamine. Then, the slurry is aged to form an aged slurry. Finally, crystallization of silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves comprising the SAPO-34 molecular sieves is induced from the aged slurry.

Abstract: Solid catalyst components are disclosed including titanium, magnesium, halogen and an internal electron donor compound having a combination of internal electron donor compounds including at least one 1,8-naphthyl diester and at least one secondary internal donor compound selected from alkyl 2-alkoxy-1-naphthoates, alkyl 2-alkoxybenzoates, alkyl 2,6-dialkoxybenzoates, (2-alkoxyphenyl)(pyrrolidin-1-yl)alkanones, dialkyl phthalates, alkyl alkionates, and dialkyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylates, and catalyst systems containing the catalyst solid components, organoaluminum compounds, and organosilicon compounds. Further, methods of making the catalyst components and the catalyst systems are disclosed as well as methods of polymerizing or copolymerizing alpha-olefins using the catalyst systems.