Abstract: Provided are systems and methods to identify subjects at risk for preterm labor and/or preterm birth. The systems and methods utilize biomarkers. Also provided are systems and methods for decreasing the risk of preterm labor by administering a treatment following a positive risk identification.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for detection and assessment of galectins are provided by the present invention, including labeled compositions, pharmaceutical composition including a labeled composition for galectin detection and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, method of aiding in diagnosis and/or treatment of a condition characterized by upregulation of one or more galectins in a subject in need thereof and precursor compositions for synthesis of chemical compositions, including but not limited to labeled compositions for detection and assessment of galectins.

Abstract: A compound of the Formula I and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is provided: Formula I, wherein, R is one selected from the group consisting of H and CH3; n is an integer ranging from 1 to 4; X is one selected from the group consisting of —CH2—, O, S, —NH—, —NHCHO—, —NHCOCH3—, and —NHCOCF3—; and Ar is one selected from the group consisting of (a) 1,4-phenyl, (b) 2?-fluoro-1,4-phenyl, and (c) 2,5-thienyl. Methods of treating a patient having cancer, targeting mitochondrial metabolism, and targeting SHMT2 and MTHFD2 using the compounds of this invention are disclosed.

Abstract: An ionizing system includes a channel and a heater coupled to the channel. The channel has an inlet disposed in a first pressure region having a first pressure and an outlet disposed in a second pressure region having a second pressure. The first pressure is greater than the second pressure. The heater is for heating the channel, and the channel is configured to generate charged particles of a sample in response to the sample being introduced into the channel.

Abstract: N-substituted sulfonylphenyl-5-nitrofuranyl-2-carboxamide derived compounds, which selectively activate the apoptotic, but not the adaptive arm, of the Unfolded Protein Response are provides as is their use in the treatment of diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, hemophilia, lysosomal storage diseases and cancer.

Abstract: Polypeptide marker antigens for detecting the presence of autoantibody biomarkers associated with ovarian cancer recurrence, each of the polypeptide marker antigens binding specifically to at least one autoantibody marker. An antibody binding assay for detecting the presence of autoantibody biomarkers associated with ovarian cancer recurrence, and methods for performing the assay. Methods for determining ovarian cancer recurrence in an ovarian cancer patient. A method for isolating antibodies specific for ovarian cancer by their affinity to the polypeptide marker antigens, and antibodies isolated by that method.

Abstract: Systems and methods to diagnose sarcoidosis are described. In addition to diagnosing sarcoidosis, the systems and methods can distinguish sarcoidosis from tuberculosis. Further disclosed is a cDNA library and methods of its use for reliably identifying sarcoidosis markers.

Abstract: A system and method to enable electronically controlled internal combustion engines to self-adjust parameters and operate properly on different fuels that have wide ranges of physical and chemical properties. Input from a sensor is utilized that gives a signal indicative of the combustion process. The ECU processes the signal and readjusts the engine operating parameters to achieve its operating goals.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are antibacterial compounds, pharmaceutical compositions including the antibacterial compounds, and methods of treating bacterial infections using the compounds and compositions.

Abstract: Treatments and diagnostics for treatment efficacy against solid and liquid cancers are described. The treatments utilize a combination therapy of Galeterone and a proteasome inhibitor. The diagnostics can measure androgen receptor (AR) cleavage products including AR-variant 7 (AR-V7) cleavage products, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage products, and/or Spectrin ?2 cleavage products or inhibition of DUB activities from a blood sample to monitor treatment efficacy for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) or multiple myeloma (MM).

Abstract: Amphiphilic oligonucleotide conjugates that enhance adjuvant function are disclosed. The conjugates typically include: a lipophilic component, and conjugated thereto (directly or indirectly) an immunomodulating oligonucleotide that, if it were not conjugated to the lipophilic component, would suppress TLR7 and/or TLR8 stimulation. In the presence of albumin, these conjugates significantly enhance adjuvant function, in particular the function of TLR7/8-mediated adjuvants such as an imidazoquinolinamine. The conjugates can be administered, along with an adjuvant compound, to a subject in order to cause and/or enhance an immune response (for instance, to an infectious agent or a cancer antigen) in the subject.

Abstract: A distributed sensing and control network includes a plurality of sensing/control nodes, each of the sensing/control nodes includes a sensor, a local controller, a local memory and a wireless transmitter/receiver. The local memory stores instructions for implementing a multiscale networking protocol for wireless transmissions. The multiscale networking protocol controls at least a first factor at a first timescale and at least a second factor at a second timescale, distinct from the first timescale. The at least a first factor includes an instantiated physical-ratio-K (PRK) interference model for wireless transmissions. The at least a second factor includes at least one of a channel assignment, a node transmission signal power control, a node transmission rate control, a real-time scheduling control, and a local signal map stored in the local memory.

Abstract: Activity-dependent gene pairs as therapeutic targets and methods and devices to identify the same are provided. The methods and devices allow transcriptome-wide analysis of regulatory long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), matched with differentially expressed protein-coding genes (mRNAs) and/or with other lncRNAs. The described methods and devices allow analysis of these activity-dependent gene pairs as therapeutic targets in a number of clinical conditions associated with altered electrical brain activity, including epilepsy.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods for Raman spectroscopy are described. In certain implementations, a spectrometer is provided. The spectrometer may include a plurality of optical elements, comprising an entrance aperture, a collimating element, a volume phase holographic grating, a focusing element, and a detector array. The plurality of optical elements are configured to transfer the light beam from the entrance aperture to the detector array with a high transfer efficiency over a preselected spectral band.

Abstract: A system and method for automatically operating a camera includes a controller for controlling the movement of a robotically controlled camera. The controller includes a processor and a computer readable medium having instructions for controlling the camera. The system determines a task to be performed and, based on the determined task, determines a camera control scheme that corresponds to the task. The camera control scheme includes rules for controlling the camera. The system receives input parameters in the form of particular tools being used and the position and movement of the tools. The input parameters can be automatically determined by the controller via a video image produced by the camera. The controller will move the camera in response to particular movement of the tools and the particular rules of the determined control scheme that correspond to the particular movements.

Abstract: A method and system for generating inverted electrical signals includes a first string of batteries connected in series, each battery having a half-bridge circuit connected in parallel and each having upper switch and lower switches. A first H-bridge circuit is connected in parallel with the first string of batteries, and a triangle wave generator generates a plurality of triangle wave signals at a given amplitude and carrier frequency. The plurality of triangle wave signals have individual triangle wave signals phase-shifted from one another. A modulation wave generator generates a modulation signal at a modulation amplitude and at twice a fundamental frequency that is less than the carrier frequency. A controller compares an instantaneous magnitude of the individual triangle wave signals to an instantaneous magnitude of the modulation signal, and outputs commands to the upper switch of a respective half-bridge circuit based on the comparison.

Abstract: A method for reducing an atom to a reduced oxidation state includes a step of providing a vapor of a first compound having an atom in an oxidized state. A vapor of a reducing agent is provided. The reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of compounds described by formulae I, II, and III: where R1, R2 R3, R4 are each independently H, C1-10 alkyl, C6-14 aryl, or C4-14 heteroaryl. The vapor of the first compound is reacted with the vapor of the reducing agent to form a second compound having the atom in a reduced state relative to the first compound.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are antibacterial compounds, pharmaceutical compositions including the antibacterial compounds, and methods of treating bacterial infections using the compounds and compositions.

Abstract: Treatments and diagnostics for treatment efficacy against solid and liquid cancers are described. The treatments utilize a combination therapy of Galeterone and a proteasome inhibitor. The diagnostics can measure androgen receptor (AR) cleavage products including AR-variant 7 (AR-V7) cleavage products, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage products, and/or Spectrin ?2 cleavage products or inhibition of DUB activities from a blood sample to monitor treatment efficacy for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) or multiple myeloma (MM).

Abstract: Compositions are provided according to aspects of the present invention that include a hydrogel and a liner, wherein a surface of the hydrogel dissociably-engages a surface of the liner. Compositions are provided according to aspects of the present invention that include a hydrogel and a hydrophobic glue, wherein at least a portion of the gel network of the hydrogel is occupied by the hydrophobic glue. Reverse coaling processes and articles of manufacture made by reverse coating processes are provided according to aspects of the present invention. Compositions are provided according to aspects of the present invention that include a hydrogel and a substrate, wherein: the hydrogel comprises a polymer network; the substrate comprises a surface comprising a polymer network; and the polymer network of the hydrogel and the polymer network of the surface are entangled.