Abstract: Anti-heparanase compounds for the treatment of cancer are described. The anti-heparanase compounds are high affinity, synthetic glycopolymers that result in minimal anticoagulant activity. Stereoselective fluorinated forms of these compounds are also provided.

Abstract: A method of forming a metal oxide material having a rod shape or polyhedral nanostructure includes preparing a first reverse micro-emulsion system comprising an aqueous precipitating agent dispersion and a second reverse micro-emulsion system containing an aqueous metal salt dispersion; combining the micro-emulsions together to initiate a reaction; allowing the reaction to continue to form a product mixture comprising a metal oxide gel and aqueous media; separating the metal oxide gel from the aqueous media; collecting the metal oxide gel; and calcining the metal oxide gel to form the metal oxide material. The metal oxide material corresponds to the chemical formula of La2MxNi1-xO4, Pr2-yAyNiO4, or La2-zDzNiO4, wherein M is copper, cobalt, iron, manganese, chromium, aluminum, or platinum; A is lanthanum or neodymium; D is calcium, barium or strontium; x ranges from 0 to 1; y ranges from 0 to 2; and z ranges from 0 to 0.25.

Abstract: A protein transduction method for efficiently delivery of exogenous proteins into mammalian cells is invented, which has the capability of targeting different cellular compartments and protection from degradation of the delivered proteins from cellular proteases. A composition for treat proteins has cation reagents, lipids and enhancers in a carrier. The method can be used in a number of ways including: production of large quantities of properly folded, post-translationally modified proteins using mammalian cell machinery a in-cell fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging using small molecule fluorophores and a in-cell NMR spectroscopy using living mammalian cells. The method permits cell biology at atomic resolution that is physiologically and pathological relevant and permits protein therapy to treat human diseases. The method can also be used to deliver exogenous protein inside mammalian cells, wherein the exogenous proteins follow a similar secretion pathway as that of the endogenous protein.

Abstract: Down-regulating autoimmune regulator (AIRE) function in B cells to produce antibodies is described. The antibodies can be class-switched, high affinity, and neutralizing, and have a high degree of somatic hypermutations, even in the framework region, as compared to antibodies produced in the absence of AIRE downregulation.

Abstract: IgA-based Fc-folate conjugates as a treatment for cancer are provided. The conjugates utilize only the Fc portion of IgA to target its receptor on neutrophils (Fc?R1) to elicit antibody-dependent cellular-cytotoxicity (ADCC).

Abstract: Zwitterionic monomers, carnitine-derived zwitterionic polymers, carnitine ester cationic monomers, carnitine ester cationic polymers, conjugate compositions including a carnitine-derived zwitterionic polymer, and related compositions' and methods are provided which have various uses including as coatings, pharmaceuticals, diagnostics, encapsulation materials, and antifouling materials, among other utilities.

Abstract: Methods for depositing tellurium-containing films on a substrate are described. The substrate is exposed to a tellurium precursor and a reactant to form the tellurium-containing film (e.g., elemental tellurium, tellurium oxide, tellurium carbide, tellurium silicide, germanium telluride, antimony telluride, germanium antimony telluride). The exposures can be sequential or simultaneous.

Abstract: A method and system for reducing cycle to cycle variation of an engine is provided. The system may determine fuel injection characteristics and predict a gas burning rate or flame speed based on the fuel injection characteristics. The system may adjust an ignition timing in response to the predicted gas burning rate within the same engine cycle.

Abstract: A battery including at least one of a separator, an interlayer, a protective layer, and an electrode that incorporates an ionic receptor nanomaterial of formula MxNy, wherein M is boron (B), silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), carbon (C) or tin (Sn) and N is nitrogen, with x being equal to 1 to 3 and y being equal to 1 to 4. The ionic receptor nanomaterial is in a form of one of nanoparticles, nanoflakes, nanosheets, nanotubes, or nanorods.

Abstract: Bubble-based systems and methods to detect surfactants, such as perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in aqueous solutions including water supplies are described. The systems and methods can utilize a surfactant preconcentration step to increase the sensitivity of the methods. Preconcentration can be based on aerosol formation and capture.

Abstract: The current disclosure provides alternating current based systems and methods to develop chemical compounds, such as drug molecules using electrochemistry in organic synthesis.

Abstract: Anti-heparanase compounds for the treatment of diabetes are described. The anti-heparanase compounds are high affinity, synthetic glycopolymers that result in minimal anticoagulant activity. Stereoselective fluorinated forms of these compounds are also provided.

Abstract: Fused cyclic pyrimidine compounds, including tautomers thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, solvates and hydrates thereof, are disclosed having the general Formula I: These compounds are useful in methods for treating cancer, selectively targeting cancerous cells via the proton coupled folate transporter, folate receptor alpha, and/or folate receptor beta pathways, inhibiting GARFTase in cancerous cells, and selectively targeting activated macrophages in a patient having an autoimmune disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and kits including at least one nucleic acid or polypeptide molecule encoding for a mutant CoChop protein. Methods of the invention include administering a composition comprising a mutant CoChop to a subject to preserve, improve, or restore phototransduction. Preferably, the compositions and methods of the invention are provided to a subject having impaired vision, thereby restoring vision to normal levels.

Abstract: A method of treating an ischemic event in tissue of a subject in need thereof, includes applying light to a tissue susceptible to ischemic reperfusion injury, the light having a wavelength selected from two wavelength ranges selected from 730-770 nm, 850-890 nm, 880-920 nm, and 930-970 nm, thereby to reduce ischemic reperfusion injury in the tissue of the subject.

Abstract: Halide ligand free rhenium complexes are described as well as methods for depositing rhenium-containing films. Some embodiments provide a rhenium complex with a general formula of O3ReO-M-R1R2R3, where M is a group IV element, R1 is selected from H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, an aromatic ring, or alkoxy, and R2 and R3 are each independently selected from H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, an aromatic ring, or alkoxy, or R2 and R3 join together to form a ring structure or an oxo group. Some embodiments provide a rhenium complex with a general formula of Re(NR?)3(NHR?), where R? and R? are independently selected from H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or an aromatic ring.

Abstract: A method of forming a thin film on a substrate which includes a step of reacting a precursor compound with a Lewis base. The precursor compound has a transition metal and one or more alkyl-1,3-diazabutadiene ligands is provided.

Abstract: A radiation detector (100) includes a photovoltaic layer (102) with first and second opposing sides. The photovoltaic layer is configured to absorb first radiation at the first side and produce electrical charge. The detector further includes a porous silicon quantum dot layer (104) disposed at the second side of the photovoltaic layer and configured to receive second radiation and convert the received second radiation into an electrical signal indicative of an energy level of the received second radiation. The detector further includes an acquisition and communication layer (106) disposed adjacent to the porous silicon quantum dot layer and configured to receive the electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to a device remote from the radiation detector.

Abstract: Down-regulating autoimmune regulator (AIRE) function in B cells to produce antibodies is described. The antibodies can be class-switched, high affinity, and neutralizing, and have a high degree of somatic hypermutations, even in the framework region, as compared to antibodies produced in the absence of AIRE downregulation.

Abstract: A method for etching a metal surface includes a step of contacting a metal surface with a protic compound for a first time period to produce a first modified surface. The first modified surface is contacted with a protic ligand-forming compound that reacts with the first modified surface to form a volatile metal-containing compound including a metal atom and the protic ligand-forming compound. The volatile metal-containing compound is removed from the vicinity of the metal surface.