Abstract: A surface emitting semiconductor laser includes: a semiconductor substrate; a first semiconductor multilayer reflection film of a first conduction type on the semiconductor substrate; a second semiconductor multilayer reflection film of a second conduction type; an active region and a current confining layer interposed between the first and second semiconductor multilayer reflection films; and a low-resistance layer interposed between the current confining layer and the active region.

Abstract: A microlens assembly is automatically aligned (positioned) to facilitate optimal light beam transmission between two spaced-apart subsystems (e.g., two printed circuit boards) supported within a larger system (e.g., a server system). The microlens assembly is controlled by the first subsystem, which also includes a light source (e.g., an emitter array) that generates the light beams by converting data signals. The second subsystem is provided with a receiver capable of receiving the light beams from the light source. The microlens assembly manipulates the microlens according to a raster light beams over a wide area surrounding the second subsystem. The optimal position of the microlens is determined by measuring a strength of each light signal, and by identifying an optimal strength light signal. The microlens assembly is then locked into the position associated with the optimal light signal.

Abstract: To provide a fixing device which can suppress the occurrence of a temperature droop phenomenon, and to stably peel off a recording sheet from a fixing roll side. There are provided a fixing belt module and a pressure belt module, and the fixing belt module and the pressure belt module are in contact with each other through a fixing belt and a pressure belt in a first nip portion formed on a fixing roll around which the fixing belt is wound and a second nip portion formed on a pressure roll around which the pressure belt is wound.

Abstract: A silencer secured to the inside of a drum, for example, by an adhesive, is directly attached to flanges on either end of the silencer and drum. The flanges may be attached to the silencer without the need for a compression fit, for example, by sonically welding the flanges to the end(s) of the silencer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transfer mechanism for transferring an image on a photosensitive drum (4) onto an image forming member (2), and the transfer mechanism is provided with a mechanism (28-2, 40 to 47) for changing the curvature of the print medium (2) bent by the transfer guides (10) in order to make the transfer performance of print mediums having different stiffness uniform, in addition to an approach/retraction mechanism (28-1, 50 to 56) of the transfer guides (10). Since the amount of bite of the print medium to the image forming member can be changed by changing the curvature according to the type of a print medium, a uniform transfer press force can be maintained without the occurrence of transfer displacement, thereby print quality can be improved in various types of print mediums.

Abstract: A composition includes a metal oxide particle, which can optionally be surface treated by a silane coupling agent, and an electron acceptor surface grafted to the metal oxide particle.

Abstract: A fixing device including a fixing belt module is formed of a fixing roller having a heat source, one or more tension rollers at a fixing side and an endless fixing belt looped and stretched around the rollers to thereby rotate and a pressure belt module including an endless pressure belt that comes in contact with an outer peripheral surface of the fixing belt only within a range of a section where the fixing belt is wrapped around a surface of the fixing roller, thereby forming a nip section for fixation between itself and the fixing belt. The fixing belt module includes a fixing belt heating unit that heats an inner peripheral surface and/or the outer peripheral surface of the fixing belt at any sections other than the section where the fixing belt is wrapped around the outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for erasing jobs from a marking device's non-volatile memory includes a monitor and notification system to detect and make a user aware of failure of the erasure. The notification system can offer alternate methods of erasure as part of the notification.

Abstract: An optical modulator is provided with an optical waveguide including an input-side single-mode waveguide for propagating inputted light at single mode, a multi-mode waveguide for propagating the light propagated from the input-side single-mode waveguide at plural guided modes, and an output-side single-mode waveguide for propagating the light propagated from the multi-mode waveguide at single mode to output the light. A lower electrode layer is disposed below the multi-mode waveguide, and an upper electrode is disposed above the multi-mode waveguide. The upper electrode cooperates with the lower electrode layer to apply an electric field to the multi-mode waveguide. A phase of each of the guided modes propagating through the multi-mode waveguide is modulated by applying an electric field to the multi-mode waveguide, and intensity of the light outputted from the output-side single-mode waveguide is modulated by an interference of the phase-modulated guided modes.

Abstract: A holographic recording method and a holographic recording apparatus capable of selectively rewriting or erasing only desired data without degrading data other than the desired data are provided. Holograms are multiple recorded per file, and page data in one file is multiple recorded, while page data in one file and page data in another file are not multiple recorded. Therefore, only the desired file can be selectively rewritten or erased without degrading the other files.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing tension to a photoreceptor belt mounted for rotation about a plurality of fixed rollers mounted to a frame of an imaging device comprises a tensioning roller having a longitudinal axis and a convex contact surface for forcing a wrap angle with an inner surface of the photoreceptor belt, a moment arm mounted at a first end to the frame for pivotal movement relative to the frame about a pivot axis fixed relative to the frame and mounted at a second end to the tensioning roller; and a force exerting mechanism mounted to the frame and coupled through the moment arm to the tensioning roller to provide a force perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tensioning roller, the force exerting mechanism being configured to increase the force exerted thereby as the length of the photoreceptor belt increases.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for spectrally-encoding plural source images and for providing the spectrally-encoded plural source images in a composite image, for rendering the composite image in a physical form, or for recovering at least one of the encoded source images from the rendered composite image such that the recovered source image is made distinguishable. The composite image is generated using an image-dependent dynamic range determination so as to provide a maximum usable contrast in a recovered source image.

Abstract: Phase change inks comprising a phase change ink carrier and one or more curable trans-1,2-cyclohexane bis[urea-urethane] compounds of the formulae wherein R1 and R?1 are alkylene, arylene, arylalkylene, or alkylarylene groups, R2 and R?2 are alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl groups, R3 and R?3 are hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups, R4 and R?4 are hydrogen atoms, fluorine atoms, alkyl groups, or phenyl groups, n is an integer of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, and R5 is an alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl group, or a substituent other than an alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl group, provided that at least one of R1, R?1, R2, R?2, R3, R?3, R4, R?4, or one or more of R5 is an alkyl, alkylene, arylalkyl, arylalkylene, alkylaryl, or alkylarylene group containing an ethylenic unsaturation rendering the compound curable upon exposure to heat and/or actinic radiation.

Abstract: A one-dimensional image sensor has N number of photosensitive element arrays arranged parallel to the fast scanning direction, N being a positive integer greater than 1. The adjacent N number photosensitive element arrays are separated from one another by a distance equal to the width of D number arrays in the slow scanning direction. If the moving speed of the one-dimensional image sensor in the slow scanning direction is set to M times as high as an ordinary speed, the distance between the adjacent N number photosensitive element arrays expressed in terms of the width of the D number arrays satisfies the following equation: D=M·a/n where a?nN, n being a positive integer equal to or smaller than N.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide calibration for a linear array sensor. A test pattern having a plurality of lines is used. Comparison between expected and measured spacing between a pair of neighboring lines is used to determine sensor position displacement.

Abstract: A system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention comprises a device for facilitating video communication between a remote participant and another location. The device can comprise a screen adapted to display the remote participant, the screen having a posture adapted to be controlled by the remote participant. A camera can be mounted adjacent to the screen, and can allow the subject to view a selected conference participant or a desired location such that when the camera is trained on the selected participant or desired location a gaze of the remote participant displayed by the screen appears substantially directed at the selected participant or desired location.

Abstract: An application of a client includes a proof data generation device, a command generation device, and a command issuing device. A command and proof data are sent to a server from the application of the client, and a command management device of the server receives them. A proof data verification device verifies the access right of a user to the application on the basis of the proof data, and enables a data storage device to be accessed in accordance with the command, if the verification is successful. The data storage device, used instead of a commonly used hard disk drive, includes a phase change type optical memory or a phase separation type optical memory to execute write once recording. Thus, the access to the data storage device is flexibly controlled.

Abstract: A document management method and system for representing entities as documents. The entities include tasks, persons, devices such as phones, printers, cameras, computational processes, and workflow applications such as trip approval processes and hiring processes. Various data sources are used. A data source generally has an associated property and content information related to the entity. A bit provider is configured to identify the data source having the associated property, retrieve the content information, and provide the retrieved content information as at least a portion of the document. Application interfaces are configured to provide the document to various applications.

Abstract: A sheet separator for a printer includes a plurality of inclined separator strips, with a feed mechanism for urging a sheet from a stack toward the separator strips. The separator strips are oriented at an obtuse angle relative to the sheets of the stack, and at least one of the inclined separator strips is a retard separator strip. The retard separator strip includes a first separator surface closer to the stack, and a second separator surface farther from the stack. The second separator surface has a higher coefficient of friction than the first separator surface. The plane of at least a portion of the first separator surface is above the plane of the second separator surface of the same retard separator strip. The proximal portion of the first separator surface nearer to the stack of sheets forms a larger obtuse angle with respect to the sheets than does a distal portion of that first separator surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thiophene-containing compound and a thiophene-containing compound polymer which are useful for organo-electronic devices such as electrophotographic photoreceptors (photosensitive elements), organic electroluminescent elements and organic transistors. More specifically, the invention relates to a thiophene-containing compound and a thiophene-containing compound polymer which are excellent in terms of both charge-transporting properties and luminous properties.