Abstract: A device for providing an RF signal burst to an external load includes a voltage-controlled oscillator to generate a drive signal having a frequency f.sub.VCO fixed by an oscillator control signal. An RF driver stage coupled to the external load receives the drive signal and generates an RF signal burst in response to the drive signal. A current transformer coupled between the RF driver stage and the external load senses the current in the RF driver stage and generates a reference current having the same phase as the sensed current. A phase detector receives the reference current along with the drive signal and generates a phase detection signal that provides a measure of the phase of the current in the RF driver stage with respect to the drive signal. The phase detection signal can be used to adjust the oscillator control signal to drive the oscillator frequency to a desired value.

Abstract: When an operation relating to print processing is to be instructed, a user information producing section produces an identification of a user and transmits the operation in a user name to which the identification is attached. A correctness inquiry judging section judges whether it is necessary to verify correctness of the identification, in accordance with a security policy stored in a support authentication level storing section. If necessary, a user verifying section is requested to verify the correctness. The user verifying section performs user verification corresponding to an authentication level. In a high level, reverification of the identification is performed by an authenticating section. In a middle level, user authentication based on an authentication scheme of the client environment is used. In a low level, the system believes the user name designated by the user. An operation controlling section judges whether the operation is allowed to the verified user.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus forms a multicolor toner image by superposing a plurality of monochromatic toner images on a transfer material. The apparatus has: a plurality of toner image carriers on which monochromatic toner images of different colors are respectively formed; toner-image-carrier driver for driving all the toner carriers to rotate in a predetermined period; and a position-shift correction quantity detector for determining the position shift quantity of each monochromatic toner image in the multicolor toner image and outputting a position-shift correction quantity corresponding to the detected result. The toner-image-carrier driver controls the period of rotational driving of each toner image carrier in conformity with the position-shift correction quantity.

Abstract: A process for producing a color toner or developer composition includes selecting at least two different color toners, in the form of toner pellets, mixing the color toner pellets to form a mixture, and grinding the color toner pellets to produce a final powdered toner composition of a specific customer selectable color. The powdered color toner composition may then be mixed with additional additives and/or developer carrier particles to produce a developer composition.

Abstract: In a system having a PCI bus, an additional memory attached to the bus to allow a higher speed of data transfer for a number of copies from the computer to a number of devices. The additional memory has a number of DMA channels, each associated with an I/O device. One copy of the data required by an I/O device is transferred to the memory at normal computer FIFO speed. Thereafter, multiple copies of that data can be transferred to the I/O device from the memory at the higher data bus speed.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlling output of a document associated with a tab, bookmark or similar edge-projecting object outputs the document in its complete form including the projecting object. In one aspect, a position calculator routine is executed to calculate the amount of deviation between an expanded area of the document including the projecting object and an output area of the output apparatus, a document shift processor routine adjusts the location of the to align it with the output area of the output apparatus, and the apparatus outputs the document in its adjusted location. In another aspect, an area size calculator routine calculates physical dimensions of the expanded area of the document, a reduction processor calculates a reduction ratio based on physical dimensions of the output area of the apparatus and those of the expanded document area, and the apparatus outputs the document after reducing its size in accordance with the reduction ratio.

Abstract: Group III-V nitride films are fabricated on mesas patterned either on substrates such as sapphire substrates, or on mesas patterned on group III-V nitride layers grown on substrates. The mesas provide reduced area surfaces for epitaxially growing group III-V nitride films, to reduce thermal film stresses in the films to reduce cracking. The surfaces of the mesas on which the films are grown are dimensioned and oriented to reduce the number of thin film crack planes that can grow on the mesas. Further cracking reduction in the films can be achieved by thinning the substrate to form membranes. The reduced substrate thickness at the membranes reduces the thermal expansion mismatch tensile stress in the films. The mesas can reduce or eliminate the occurrence of cracks in GaN or AlGaN epitaxial films grown on the mesas, for percentages of aluminum in the AlGaN films of up to about 18%.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes: illuminating means for illuminating an original with light; a lens forming an image of reflected light from the original, the lens having a resolution characteristic in which a resolution in a vertical scanning direction in an image-reading wavelength region at a field angle in a vicinity of an end of the original is lower than a minimum resolution in an image-reading wavelength region at a field angle on an inner side of the vicinity-of the end of the original; light shielding means for shielding part of the reflected light such that a pupil diameter in the vertical scanning direction in the reflected light from the vicinity of the end of the original is reduced; and photoelectrically converting means for converting the reflected light partly shielded by the light shielding means and undergone image formation by the lens into an electrical signal.

Abstract: A multi-color electrophotographic printing machine in which the tangential velocity of the photoconductive drum in the transfer zone is greater than the tangential velocity of the transfer drum having the sheet receiving the transferred images thereon. A buckle is formed in the sheet after the transfer zone, resulting in the sheet being tacked to the developed image on the photoconductive member and moving at the same tangential velocity as the developed image. This is achieved by a transfer sheet having one end secured fixedly over an aperture in the transfer drum. The other end of the transfer sheet is resiliently secured to the transfer drum. The sheet of support material receiving the transferred images is secured at the leading edge to the transfer sheet. In this way, the transfer sheet and the sheet of support material may be induced to form a buckle after the transfer zone enabling the sheet of support material and the developed image to move at the same tangential velocity.

Abstract: A OLED-based edge emitter mitigates the problem of unacceptably large losses by physically separating the OLED from the waveguide using an optical cladding layer. An additional advantage over conventional surface emitting OLEDs used in image bars is the pixel aspect ratio of the edge emitter. The pixel-aspect ratio is narrow in the process direction forming a rectangle. This rectangular shape allows movement to make an effective square. Therefore, emission modulation can be performed at a high duty-cycle because the edge is much shorter in the process direction than in the lateral, i.e., fast scan direction. As a result, the duty cycle of the light source can be higher, i.e., the light source is on for a longer time, without smearing an irradiated spot into locations corresponding to adjacent pixels.

Abstract: An improved image forming apparatus having an endless belt is provided. The apparatus uses an endless belt as a toner image carrier for holding a toner image thereon and transporting the toner image. In one embodiment, rib members are arranged on opposing ends of the endless belt to assist in inhibiting the endless belt from walking relative to a drive roll. A rib guide member is interposed between the rib member and the drive roll, and is rotatable independent of the drive roll. In another embodiment, the toner image is transferred from a photosensitive member to the endless transfer belt and then to a recording medium. Indicia is arranged on an outer perimeter surface of the endless transfer belt indicative of a position of the endless transfer belt, with a sensor used to detect the indicia.

Abstract: An ink jet printer of the type having at least one customer replaceable ink cartridge with an ink monitoring system detects whether or not the ink in the cartridge contains qualified ink or not and adjusts the normal printing mode to a non-normal printing when non-qualified ink is detected, thereby providing the customer the option to print with non-qualified ink with minimized effect on the printer or print quality.

Abstract: Plural linear marks extending along a scanning direction are spaced apart from each other at constant intervals and parallel to each other at a boundary of partial exposure ranges. When the marks are repeatedly formed by two light beams while a position of the mark formed by one of the two light beams is moved in the scanning direction, a density within a predetermined region corresponding to the boundary is changed so as to become lighter as the intervals between the marks are increased. When plural linear marks, which extend along the scanning direction and are spaced apart from each other at constant intervals and parallel to each other at a boundary portion of partial exposure ranges, are formed by two light beams while a position of the mark formed by one of the light beams is moved in a direction perpendicular to the scanning direction, a density within a predetermined region is changed so as to become lighter as an amount of offset is reduced.

Abstract: Optical plates which have columnar features approximately in the direction of light propagation which are capable of total internal reflection, a controllable numeric aperture (NA) at input and output surfaces, rotational azimuthal averaging and translation of the object plane from a back surface of the plate to a front surface of the plate and are optical equivalent of a FOFP. These plates are made from a composition of irradiation sensitive glass which has been etched in either the columnar features or the surrounding features. If the surrounding features have been etched, the etched areas are filled with either a low melt glass or plastic or a light blocking material such as a black composition material. If the columnar features have been etched the etched areas are filled with a low melt glass or plastic.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an imaging system, and more specifically, a method and apparatus for accurately predicting toner usage and hence toner dispensing requirements in an imaging system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a toner concentration control system for maintaining toner concentration in a developer structure, which is connected to a dispenser containing toner.

Abstract: A token 12 creates utilization history information and sends the information to an information processing unit 11 and simultaneously creates an verification value and stores the value in a utilization-value holding unit 21. The information processing unit 11 records the utilization history information in a history holding unit 16. On receiving a verification-value output request from the information processing unit 11, the token 12 provides the verification value with a signature and outputs the combination of the verification value and the signature. The information processing unit sends to a recovery unit 13 the verification value with the signature as well as the utilization history information. The recovery unit 13 verifies the signature and also the utilization history on the basis of the verification value further.

Abstract: The present invention provides an independently addressable, vertical cavity surface emitting laser ("VCSEL") in the blue wavelength range of 390 to 430 nanometers. The gallium nitride-based laser structure is grown by selective area epitaxy and lateral mask overgrowth. By appropriate patterning of a dielectric mask on the gallium nitride layer on a sapphire substrate, areas in a second gallium nitride layer can have a low defect density upon which the remainder of the laser structure can be formed.

Abstract: A printing machine in which an endless web of sheet material is adapted to move along a path of movement. A recording device, in communication with the web of sheet material, prints information thereon. A fixing device, associated with the recording device, substantially permanently fixes the printed information to the web of sheet material. An inverter, positioned after the fixing device in the path of movement of the web of sheet material, inverts the sheet material enabling information to be printed on one side of the web of sheet material before inversion and information to be printed on the other side of the web of sheet material after inversion thereof.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an imaging system, and more specifically, a method and apparatus for accurately predicting toner usage and hence toner dispensing requirements in an imaging system. More, specifically, the present invention relates to a toner concentration control system for maintaining toner concentration in a developer structure, which is connected to a dispenser containing toner.

Abstract: A copy sheet distortion-removing fusing apparatus is provided for preventing fused image deletions and poor fused copy sheet appearance. The copy sheet distortion-removing fusing apparatus includes a frame; a first pair of rotatable rollers mounted to the frame and forming a first nip for receiving and moving a copy sheet therethrough. The first pair of rotatable rollers includes a heated fuser roller, and a pressure roller forming the first nip against the fuser roller. The copy sheet distortion-removing fusing apparatus also includes a second pair of rotatable rollers forming a second nip for immediately receiving and moving therethrough a fused copy sheet coming from the first nip. Each roller of the second pair of rotatable rollers includes a hard surface layer.